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Tutorial 2

This document contains questions about basic process control concepts. It asks the reader to define key terms like input and output variables, describe feedback and feedforward control loops, and identify control objectives and variables for examples like a distillation column and heat exchanger. Mathematical models are also developed for systems like a stirred tank with multiple inflows and outflows, a heated tank with ambient heat losses, and a liquid storage tank with one inlet and outlet valve.

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17 views

Tutorial 2

This document contains questions about basic process control concepts. It asks the reader to define key terms like input and output variables, describe feedback and feedforward control loops, and identify control objectives and variables for examples like a distillation column and heat exchanger. Mathematical models are also developed for systems like a stirred tank with multiple inflows and outflows, a heated tank with ambient heat losses, and a liquid storage tank with one inlet and outlet valve.

Uploaded by

haiqal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROCESS CONTROL SEM 1 20232024

CHAPTER 1-3
Basic Process Control

Q1 Discuss the importance of process control.

Q2 Describe the main components of a control system.

Q3 Define input variable and identify two types of input variable.

Q4 Define output variable and identify two types of output variable.

Q5 Describe Feedback control loop.

Q6 Illustrate general block diagram for the feedback control system.

Q7 Describe Feedforward control loop.

Q8 Illustrate general block diagram for the feedforward control system.

Q9 A binary distillation column in FIGURE 1 is used to separate a benzene/toluene


mixture. The feed stream is 70% benzene and the flow rate should be maintained at 100
kmol/day. Composition of the distillate should be maintained at 97%. The operating
pressure of the distillation column is 1.01325 bar. The liquid levels, in the reflux drum
and bottom column should be maintained close to 700mm and 1000mm, respectively.
PROCESS CONTROL SEM 1 20232024
CHAPTER 1-3
Notations:
W = molar flow rate [kmol/day]
X = mole fraction [dimensionless]
Subscript CW, F, D, S, B correspond to cold water, feed, distillate, steam and bottom
streams, respectively.

i) Identify the essential control objectives.


ii) Identify and classify the process variables related to the control objectives.
iii) Propose feedback control strategies that will address the identified control
objectives. You may describe your solution by drawing in diagrams while
providing explanation underlying the control strategies.

Q10 Consider the heat exchanger shown, identify:

(a) The control objective for this system

(b) Collect information of all process control strategies in the reactor system and
classify all variables

Controller Variables
Loop
Configuration Controlled Measured Manipulated Disturbance
PROCESS CONTROL SEM 1 20232024
CHAPTER 1-3
Models of chemical processes

Q11 A perfectly stirred, constant-volume tank has two input streams, both consisting of the
same liquid, as shown below. The temperature and flow rate of each of the streams can
vary with time. Derive a dynamic model describing the transient operation of this
process. You may assume that liquid properties are constant. Note that the variable “w”
refers to mass flow rate. Derive a dynamic model that will describe transient operation.

Q12 A completely enclosed stirred-tank heating process is used to heat an incoming stream
whose flow rate varies. The heating rate from this coil and the volume are both constant.

(a) Develop a mathematical model (differential and algebraic equations) that describes
the exit temperature if heat losses to the ambient occur and if the ambient
temperature (Ta) and the incoming stream's temperature (Ti) both can vary.
PROCESS CONTROL SEM 1 20232024
CHAPTER 1-3

Q13 A typical liquid storage process is shown in Figure below, where qi and q are volumetric
flowrates, h is the liquid level (or head). Assume that the liquid density ρ is constant
and the tank is cylindrical with cross sectional area, A. The tank exit line contain a valve
that provides significant resistance (Rv) to flow at a single point.

Prove a dynamic model shown below:

𝑑ℎ 1
𝐴 = 𝑞𝑖 − ℎ
𝑑𝑡 𝑅𝑣

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