1. Difference between Outlook Express and MS Outlook? Ans -They are two entirely different programs.

Only their names are similar. Outlook Express is an

email/USENET client that comes packaged with Internet Explorer.Outlook is an email client with calendar and tasks/notes capabilities. It comes packaged with MS Office. Both outlook and outlook express are completely different from each other Outlook is basically for the profession purpose , and has .pst file format But the outless is basically for the home purpose , files format is .dbx 2. Difference between Windows xp and Windows 7? Ans -Microsoft has published a paper comparing the various features and outlining the differences between Windows XP SP3, Vista SP1 and Windows 7. The PDF file can be downloaded from Microsoft's website at the link below. 3. What is the difference between domain & workgroup?

Ans -Domain: 1) Centralized Administration. 2) Security of Data, User & Groups 3)Server & Clients Based 4)Windows 2000 & 2003 Server or Advance Support For Server Configuration 5)File, Folder & User & Group Permission we can assign. WORKGROUP: 1) No Centralized Admiistration. 2) Not much security for Data, User & Groups. (Depends on Configuration) 3)No Server & Client Matter..Each pc reacts like a Client as well as Server. 4) Basically Windows 98 & XP is going to used in Clients side. 5) We can assign permission to drives & folder & files but much secuirty than Domain 4. What is DNS?

Ans - Domain Name System (DNS) is a database system that translates a computer's fully qualified domain name into an IP address.Networked computers use IP addresses to locate and connect to each other, but IP addresses can be difficult for people to remember. For example, on the web, it's much easier to remember the domain name www.amazon.com than it is to remember its corresponding IP address (207.171.166.48). DNS allows you to connect to another networked computer or remote service by using its user-friendly domain name rather than its numerical IP address. Conversely, Reverse DNS (rDNS) translates an IP address into a domain name. 5. What is a router? Ans - A router is a device in computer networking that forwards data packets to their destinations, based on their addresses. The work a router does it called routing, which is somewhat like switching, but a router is different from a switch. The latter is simply a device to connect machines to form a LAN.

6. What is defragment? Ans - Disk Defragmenter is a utility in Microsoft Windows designed to increase access speed by rearranging files stored on a disk to occupy contiguous storage locations, a technique called defragmentation. Defragmenting a disk minimizes head travel, which reduces the time it takes to read files from and write files to the disk. Beginning with Windows XP, Disk Defragmenter also reduces system startup times. 7. What is the difference between a switch and a hub?
Ans - HUB: Hub is a layer-1 device, in this data transmission in the form of bits. SWITCH: Switch is a layer-2 device, in this data transmission in the form of frames. 8.

What is BSOD?

Ans - "The Blue Screen of Death," 9. What would you use to connect two computers without using switches? Ans - Just connect computer to computer by crossing cable connect.
10.

What is VPN?

Ans - A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a network technology that creates a secure network connection over a public network such as the Internet or a private network owned by a service provider. Large corporations, educational institutions, and government agencies use VPN technology to enable remote users to securely connect to a private network. 11. What is PING utility?

Ans - PING: Packet Internet Gropper

it's a diagnostic utility, which diagnose devices connectivity. It use ICMP: Internet Control Messaging protocol to send echo requests (usually 4 packets) and receive echo replies (4 packets)

12.

What is the difference between POP3 and IMAP Mail Server?

Ans - POP3 is Email clients download your emails onto your computer. Using a specialized
email program such as Outlook Express or Apple Mail has the advantage of giving you complete control over your email; every email you receive is placed on your computer and you can keep as many large file attachments as you want. IMAP is protocol that is being used in webmail. Checking your email through our webmail is similar to using Hotmail or YAHOO! Mail. You never actually copy your messages to your computer; in fact, you are looking at them through your web browser on somebody else's computer. When you are not online, you are not able to see your email.

13.

What is difference between Dial-Up Internet Connection and broadband connection?

Ans - Dial up connection requires a username/password & a modem to connect to

internet.The maximum speed will be of 56kbps only. In this either the phone or the internet will work at a time. While in broadband connection (it need a modem & may need user/password).It is directly connected with RJ45 LAN card. Its speed ranges from 256kbps to several mbps. In this both phone line and internet can work together. 14. What is DHCP and how it works? Ans - Dynamic host control protocol it assigns IP address automatically to client. 15. What is IPv6? Ans - Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) is a network layer protocol that enables data

communications over a packet switched network.

16. Difference between FAT and NTFS? Ans - NTFS stands for new technology file system or network technology file system. In NTSF partition size can be of 2 TB or more. and file size can be 16 TB. file/folder encryption is done. and it supports file name character upto 255. FAT32 stands for File allocation table. in FAT32 partition size can be Upto 2 TB. and file size can be 4 GB. file/folder encryption is not possible in FAT32. and it supports file name character upto 8.3. 17. What is Group Policy?

Group Policy gives users administrative control over people and computers in the users network. By using Group Policy, users can define the state of someones work environment once, and then rely on Windows Server 2003 to continually force the Group Policy settings applied across an entire organization or to specific groups of people and computers.
Ans -

18. What causes a computer to reboot itself? Ans - Memory slot contacts are dirty or you have bad sectors on a memory stick,CPU

overheating ,Boot sector virus ,Bad device driver (can involve any device driver installed on the computer) ,Bad motherboard ,Bad Power supply

19 . Differentiate between RAM and ROM? RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It can store information and have newinformation stored over it later. And its a physical device you can changeit Types of RAMDDR (Double Data Rate), DDR2 and SDRAMROM stands for Read Only Memory. It cant be written-over Types of ROMPROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) and CD-ROM 20. What is cache memory? Cache memory is random access memory (RAM) that a computer microprocessorcan access more quickly than it can access regular RAM. As the microprocessorprocesses data, it looks first in the cache memory and if it finds the data there, itdoes not have to do the more time-consuming reading of data from larger memory. 21..What is the difference between 32 bit and 64 bit memory? The terms 32-bit and 64-bit refer to the way a computer's processor (also called aCPU), handles information. The 64-bit version of Windows handles large amounts of random access memory (RAM) more effectively than a 32-bit system. 22.What is Virtual Memory? Virtual memory is storage space on your computers hard disk that Windows uses inconjunction with random access memory (RAM). 23. What is NVRAM? NVRAM (Non-Volatile Random Access Memory) is a type of Random Access Memory(RAM) that retains its information when power is turned off. The NVRAM is a small.

24. What is TCP/IP? TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the basic communicationlanguage or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communicationsprotocol in a private network. 25. What is Intranet? An Intranet is a private network that is contained within an enterprise. It mayconsists of many interlinked LAN .The main purpose of an intranet is to sharecompany information & computing resources among employees. An intranet canalso be used to facilitate working in groups and for teleconferences.Difference between TCP and UDP TCP is a Transmission Control Protocol.UDP is a User Datagram Protocol. TCP offers error connection and Guaranteed DeliveryUDP doesnt offer error connection & delivery TCP Provides or sends larger packetsUDP Provides or sends smaller packets. TCP is Slower than UDPUDP is Faster than TCP 26. What is Load balancing? Distributing processing and communications activity evenly across a computernetwork so that no single device is overwhelmed. Load balancing is especiallyimportant for networks where it's difficult to predict the number of requests that willbe issued to a server.What are called Fat clients and Fat servers?

27. What is Client/Server? Client-server computing or networking is a distributed application architecture thatpartitions tasks or workloads between service providers (servers) and servicerequesters, called clients

28. What is the port number of Telnet ,DNS, ftp(data) and ftp? Telnet = 23 and DNS = 53ftp(data) = 20 and ftp=21

29. Differentiate between forward lookup and reverse lookup in DNS? Forward lookup convert:Host name to IP address.Reverse lookup convert:IP address to Host name 30. Which layer of OSI is responsible for end-to-end communication? End-to-end communication refer to process to process delivery which is done by TRANSPORT LAYER 31. What is a wide area network? A wide area network (WAN) is a data network, usually used for connectingcomputers, that spans a wide geographical area. WANs can be used to connectcities, states, or even countries. WANs are often used by larger corporations ororganizations to facilitate the exchange of data The best example of the WAN is the internet. 32. What is the difference between tree and forest? Multiple domain models create logical structures called trees, when they sharecontiguous DNS names. For example, contoso.com, us.contoso.com, andeurope.contoso.com share contiguous DNS namespaces and would together beconsidered a tree. An Active Directory that consists of multiple trees is naturallycalled a forest. 33. What is the Network Time Protocol? Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a protocol that is used to synchronize computerclock times in a network of computers. 34. What is DHCP, DNS, POP3? Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol thatautomatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and otherrelated configuration information such as the subnet mask and default gatewayDomain Name System (DNS) is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standardname service that allows your computer to register and resolve domain names, anInternet service that translates domain names into IP addressesPOP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) is the most recent version of a standard protocol forreceiving e-mail. POP3 is a client/server protocol in which e-mail is received andheld for you by your Internet server. 35. Name three network tools used to determine network connectivity Ans -1)PING 2)TRACEROUTE3)PATHPING

36. What is multicast routing? Multicast routing is done by sending one packet to several destinations What is the default subnet mask for an ipv6 address? 255.255.255.255.255.0 37. What is .ost file? An OST file (.ost) is an offline folder file in Microsoft Outlook. Offline folders make itpossible for the user to work offline and then to synchronize changes with theExchange server the next time they connect. 38. What is the difference between POP3 and IMAP Mail Server? There are two different protocols available to access e-mail: POP3 and IMAP. POP3 isuseful when e-mail is checked from only one computer. IMAP is the better choicewhen you would like to check your mail from multiple computers.When using POP3, your mail is stored on your PC.When using IMAP, the mail is stored on the mail server.POP3 You only check e-mail from one computer. You want to remove your e-mail from the mail server.Set to remove mail from server after 30 days.Dont check more frequently than every 15 minutes