Department of Electrical Engineering

C!J
IN TERNAT IO N AL

UNIVERSITY
Faculty of Engineering & Applied Sciences
Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Program: B.Sc. Electrical Engineering Semester: VII

Subject EE-346 Instrumentation & Measurement Date: 6-11-2023
Experiment 6: Temperature Sensors .
Name & Sap: Waleed Shahzad & 26564

OBJECTIVES:

(i) To understand the concept and working of Temperature Sensors.

(ii) To analyze the working of IC LM35 for temperature measurement.

Performance Lab Report

Description Total Marks Description Total Marks

Marks Obtained Marks Obtained
Ability to 5 Organization/Structure 5
conduct
Experiment
Data Analysis 5 Calculation & Data 5
& Interpretation Presentation
Total Marks obtained

Remarks (if any):

Name & Signature of faculty: .

 Experiment No. 6

Temperature Sensors
Objectives:

(i) To understand the concept and working of Temperature Sensors.

(ii) To analyse the working of Temperature sensor IC for temperature measurement.

Apparatus:
(i) IT-5927 Transducer and Instrumentation Trainer.
(ii) I mm 2 Connecting Leads.
(iii) Stopwatch

Theory

Common sensors that are used for temperature sensing purpose are Resistance Temperature Detector
(RTD), Thermistor, thermocouple and Integrated Circuit LM35. AII of these temperature have
different internal structures and different properties. A brief summary of all these sensors is provided
below:

Criteria RTD Thermistor Thermocouple IC sensor

-250C to -267·C to
Temperature range +750°C -I00C to +500C -55·C to -200·C
+2316€
Accuracy Depends on
Best
calibration
Good Good
Linearity
Good orst Good Best
Sensitivity Less Best Worst Good
Depends on
Circuitry Complex accuracy/power Complex Simplest
requirements
Power consumption Hieh when taking measurement L.ow-high lowest
Relative system cost $$-$$$ $-$$$ $$-$$$ s
Figure l

RTD always have postitive temperature coefficient while thermistors have positve or negative
temperature coefficient. In IT-5927 temperature sensing unit the active transducers are mounted within
a clear plastic enclosure which contains a heater. The heated enclosure is provided to raise the
temperature of the sensor transducers to allow measurements to be taken during experiments.
Thermistor in IT5927 has negative temperature coefficient. In the case of NTC thermistor and the
thermocouples, an additional, separate unit is mounted outside the heated enclosure. The externally
mounted sensors are made available for comparison between ambient (room) temperature and the
 temperature within the enclosure. The externally mounted 'K" type thermocouple is contained within
a package in contact with an IC temperature sensor (LM35) to act as a thermometer with voltage
output. This will be used in many of the experiments as the reference (REF) thermometer.

The IC that is installed in the temperature unit has reference number LM35. This integrated circuit
f contains 16 transistors, 9 resistors and 2 capacitors contained in a transistor type package. It provides
an output of 10mV/°C. Measurements of the output voltage therefore indicate the temperature directly
in degrees Centigrade (°C). For example, at a temperature of 20°C the output voltage will be 200mV.
The circuit arrangement provided with the IC Temperature Sensor on the IT-5927 unit is shown in Fig
2.
+5V

1k0 1kQ

OIP
Int.·
LM LM
35 35

--
Figure 2

The output from the external LM35 can be used as an indication of the ambient temperature outside
the heated enclosure, and that from the INT. socket in Fig 2 indicates the temperature within the
heated enclosure.

Experimental_Procedure

• Connect just the voltmeter to the circuit as shown in Fig 3, switch the power supply ON and
note the output voltage; this represents the ambient temperature in centigrade. Record this
value.
• Connect just the voltmeter to the circuit as shown in Fig 4.3, switch the power supply ON and
note the output voltage; this represents the ambient temperature in centigrade. Record this
value.
• Connect the +12V supply to the heater input socket and note the voltage reading every minute
until the value stabilizes. Record the values in Table 4.1.

IC TEMPERATURE TYPE K
SENSORS THERMOCOUPLE
0 0 fm ·VE
0-O
O 1% EF
DIGITAL VOLTMETER 0-O
ANGE T VE
0-O
t(
rm 09

0 0-O
8
O-o
1

-4
,,,. N.T.C
0 2
= THERMISTORS PLATINUM R.T.D

HEATER ELEMENT re 0-Ou»

Figure 3: Circuit Layout

Table 1

Fl
Sec)

5 'Ill
Lab Simulation:

Table:

Time
(sec) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Voltage 0.298 0.300 0.305 0.314 0.325 0.336 0.349 0.360 0.372
(V)

Conclusion:
The lab was conclude about the study of temperature sensor in which we used the
temperature sensor IC which can detect the heat and then increase the temperature of our IC we also
used the timer to saw the difference of maximum and minimum distance of our voltage. At start the
level of voltage is low but when the times goes up the voltage grow up steadily.