Ohs Project Report

END SEMESTER PROJECT
Course -101 Occupational Health and Safety

Instructor: Sir Habeel Ahmed
Section: BESE -14B
School: SEECS
GROUP MEMBERS:
Sr. no NAMES CMS ID

1. Maryam Sheraz 466050
2. Maryam Tariq 463375
3. Shamaiem Shabbir 460642

Table Of Contents:
1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………
1.1 Hospital Introduction…………………………………………………………………
2. ISO Certification……………………………………………………………………………
3. Potential Hazards at Hospital……………………………………………………………….
a) Biological Hazards……………………………………………………………………...
b) Chemical Hazards……………………………………………………………………….
c) Ergonomic Hazards……………………………………………………………………..
d) Sharps and Needlestick Injuries………………………………………………………...
e) Radiation Exposure…………………………………………………………………….
f) Fire and Electrical Hazards…………………………………………………………….
g) Patient Handling and Falls…………………………………………………………….
h) Psychological Hazards………………………………………………………………….
i) Inadequate Infection Control……………………………………………………………
j) Lack of Training and Education………………………………………………………...
4. Physical Observations………………………………………………………………………
a) Documentation………………………………………………………………………….
b) Staff Training……………………………………………………………………………
c) Equipment Maintenance………………………………………………………………...
d) Fire Safety Measures……………………………………………………………………
e) Electrical Safety………………………………………………………………………...
f) Ergonomics and Workstation Design…………………………………………………...
g) Emergency Evacuation Plan…………………………………………………………….
h) Equipment Response Plans……………………………………………………………..
i) Personal Protective Equipment…………………………………………………………
j) Waste Disposal System…………………………………………………………………
k) Radiation Exposure Monitoring for Staff……………………………………………….
l) Emergency Contact Numbers…………………………………………………………..
m) Ventilation and Containment…………………………………………………………..
5. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………
6. Recommendations…………………………………………………………………………
a) Fine-Tuning Emergency Equipment Response Plans………………………………….

b) Routine Verification of Emergency Contact Information……………………………..
c) Enhanced Documentation on Safety Protocols……………………………………….
d) Adjustment of Workstations for Eye Comfort………………………………………..
e) Utilization of Anti-Glare Screens……………………………………………………..
 INTRODUCTION:
 HOSPITAL INTRODUCTION:
 ISO CERTIFICATION:
The attainment of ISO certification is pivotal for organization's commitment to health and
safety excellence. This hospital currently holds ISO-9001 certification. This underscores
their dedication to providing a safe and healthy working environment for the employees
and workers. This certification reflects the comprehensive approach to risk management,
hazard identification, and continuous improvement in health and safety performance.
Adhering to the ISO standards ensures compliance with legal requirements, reduce
workplace incidents, and foster a culture of proactive health and safety practices.
 POTENTIAL HAZARDS AT HOSPITAL:
a) Biological Hazards:
Exposure to infectious agents, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, poses a significant
risk. Healthcare workers may be at risk during patient care, handling of contaminated
materials, or exposure to bodily fluids.
b) Chemical Hazards:
Hospitals utilize a wide range of chemicals for cleaning, disinfection, and medical
treatments. Chemical hazards include exposure to cleaning agents, disinfectants,
pharmaceuticals, and hazardous drugs.
c) Ergonomic Hazards:
Healthcare workers are prone to ergonomic hazards due to tasks that involve heavy
lifting, patient handling, awkward postures, and repetitive motions. This can lead to
Musculoskeletal injuries.
d) Sharps and Needlestick Injuries:

Improper handling and disposal of sharps, such as needles and scalpels, can lead to
needlestick injuries. This poses a risk of bloodborne infections, including HIV, hepatitis
B, and hepatitis C.
e) Radiation Exposure:
Workers in radiology departments and certain medical procedures may be exposed to
ionizing radiation. Proper training, shielding, and monitoring are essential to minimize the
risk of radiation exposure.
f) Fire and Electrical Hazards:
Hospitals have a complex infrastructure with numerous electronic devices and equipment.
Fire hazards include electrical malfunctions, overloaded circuits, and flammable
materials.
g) Patient Handling and Falls:

Patients are vulnerable to falls, particularly those with mobility issues or cognitive
impairments. Healthcare workers are at risk of injury during patient transfers and
repositioning.
h) Psychological Hazards:
Healthcare professionals may face psychosocial hazards such as workplace stress,
burnout, and exposure to traumatic events. Adequate mental health support and resources
are crucial.
i) Inadequate Infection Control:

Poor infection control practices can contribute to the spread of healthcare-associated
infections. This includes inadequate hand hygiene, improper waste management, and
insufficient cleaning and disinfection.
j) Lack of Training and Education:

Insufficient training and education on safety protocols and procedures can lead to
accidents and mistakes. Ongoing training is essential to keep healthcare workers informed
about the latest safety guidelines.
 PHYSICAL OBSERVATIONS:
A recent visit to PAF Hospital offered a comprehensive glimpse into the institution's
commitment to occupational health and safety practices. Engaging in insightful Q&A
sessions with the hospital administration shed light on their approach to ensuree a safe
working environment for staff and patients. The visit specifically focused on the
RADIOLOGY DEPARTMENT .The details of observations at hospital are as follows:
a) Documentation:
The hospital keeps its ISO certification up-to-date by renewing it regularly. They do this
by regularly checking that they're following the rules and standards set by ISO.
b) Staff Training:
The hospital conducts an occupational health and safety related meeting after 3 month.
Moreover, a health and safety related lecture is given to staff after every 2 weeks.
c) Equipment Maintenance:
The hospital consistently maintains its equipment through regular checks and
maintenance.
d) Fire Safety Measures:
The hospital ensures fire safety on every floor by having

fire extinguishers available, along with clear instructions
on how to use them. Additionally, each fire extinguisher
has annual refill stickers, indicating they undergo regular
maintenance and are kept ready for any emergency.
e) Electrical Safety:
The hospital's specialized power rooms for heavy

machinery not only cater to their operational needs
but also contribute to enhanced electrical safety
measures. The continuous running of air conditioning
systems in these areas helps regulate temperatures,
ensuring stable and safe conditions for electrical
equipment. The hospital did not have class c fire
extinguishers for electrical fires. The hospital also has
CLASS C fire extinguishers for fire caused by electricity.
f) Ergonomics And Workstation Design:
The workplace is meticulously designed to prioritize

the mental and physical well-being of hospital staff.
Stickers are prominently displayed on heavy
equipment to ensure staff safety, preventing any
potential incidents or accidents.
g) Emergency Evacuation Plan:
Emergency evacuation maps are visibly posted on

every floor for the safety of patients and staff. These
maps provide clear directions to designated
emergency assembly areas, ensuring a safe
evacuation in case of an emergency.
h) Equipment Response Plans:
The radiology department's machinery noticeably lacked comprehensive instructions or

standard operating procedures for emergency shutdown protocols. This oversight raises
concerns about the preparedness and safety measures in place, potentially impacting the
ability to swiftly and safely power down equipment during urgent situations, which is
crucial for ensuring staff and patient safety.
i) Personal Protective Equipment:
The hospital took comprehensive measures to equip the staff in

the radiology department with a full range of proper personal
protective equipment (PPE). This included outfitting them with
lead aprons, thyroid shields, and lead gloves, ensuring their
safety and minimizing radiation exposure risks during imaging
procedures.
j) Waste Disposal System:
The hospital diligently adheres to waste disposal guidelines

outlined by ISO standards. They meticulously segregate waste,
utilizing separate bins for various categories such as empty vials,
infectious materials, and general waste. This rigorous separation
process ensures proper handling before dispatching the waste to a
specialized disposal facility, ensuring meticulous care in waste
management according to ISO regulations.
k) Radiation Exposure Monitoring for Staff:
The radiology department staff are equipped with

specialized radiation measuring badges to monitor their
radiation exposure. These badges undergo monthly checks
by the PNRA (Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority). If
the radiation exposure exceeds set safety limits,
immediate precautions are taken, including temporarily
limiting their exposure to radiation. Additionally, the staff
undergoes comprehensive blood checkups every six
months to ensure their health and safety amidst their work
environment. The hospital also had lead lined walls which protects the staff from
radiation exposure.
l) Emergency Contact Numbers:
The hospital had prominently displayed emergency contact numbers across the premises,
ensuring quick access to crucial assistance in case of any emergency.
m) Ventilation And Containment:
The hospital equipped its staff with lead cabins, offering protection from radiation
exposure while attending to patients. The hospital did not have lead lined walls for MRI
and Ct scan rooms.
 CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, the comprehensive assessment of the occupational health and safety

practices within the radiology department at PAF Hospital reveals a commendable
dedication to adhering to various ISO standards and regulations.
 RECOMMENDATIONS:
The recommendations provided aim to further fortify the hospital's commitment to safety
by refining existing protocols, ensuring updated emergency contact information, and
emphasizing ergonomic considerations for staff well-being. These enhancements will not
only align with ISO standards but also contribute significantly to fostering a safer and
more efficient work environment within the radiology department.
a) Fine-Tuning Emergency Equipment Response Plans:

Update and reinforce existing emergency shutdown protocols for radiology machinery to
ensure they remain aligned with evolving safety standards.
b) Routine Verification of Emergency Contact Information:

Regularly verify and update emergency contact numbers, reaffirming the hospital's
commitment to immediate access to crucial assistance during emergencies.
c) Enhanced Documentation on Safety Protocols:

Ensure comprehensive and easily accessible documentation regarding safety protocols,
equipment response plans, and operating procedures for all machinery.
d) Adjustment of Workstations for Eye Comfort:
Emphasize ergonomic workstation design that considers factors affecting eye strain, such
as appropriate lighting, minimizing glare on screens, and encouraging regular breaks to
reduce eye fatigue.
e) Utilization of Anti-Glare Screens:

Equip radiology workstations with anti-glare screens or filters to reduce eye strain caused
by prolonged exposure to screens and radiation during image analysis or interpretation.
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END SEMESTER PROJECT

Course -101 Occupational Health and Safety

Sr. no NAMES CMS ID

2. Maryam Tariq 463375

3. Shamaiem Shabbir 460642

a) Fine-Tuning Emergency Equipment Response Plans………………………………….

 POTENTIAL HAZARDS AT HOSPITAL:

d) Sharps and Needlestick Injuries:

g) Patient Handling and Falls:

i) Inadequate Infection Control:

j) Lack of Training and Education:

d) Fire Safety Measures:

The hospital ensures fire safety on every floor by having

The hospital's specialized power rooms for heavy

f) Ergonomics And Workstation Design:

The workplace is meticulously designed to prioritize

g) Emergency Evacuation Plan:

Emergency evacuation maps are visibly posted on

The radiology department's machinery noticeably lacked comprehensive instructions or

i) Personal Protective Equipment:

The hospital took comprehensive measures to equip the staff in

j) Waste Disposal System:

The hospital diligently adheres to waste disposal guidelines

k) Radiation Exposure Monitoring for Staff:

The radiology department staff are equipped with

l) Emergency Contact Numbers:

m) Ventilation And Containment:

In conclusion, the comprehensive assessment of the occupational health and safety

a) Fine-Tuning Emergency Equipment Response Plans:

b) Routine Verification of Emergency Contact Information:

c) Enhanced Documentation on Safety Protocols:

e) Utilization of Anti-Glare Screens:

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