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Study and Analysis of Chat GPT and its Impact on Different Fields of Study

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 Volume 8, Issue 3, March – International Journal of Innovative Science and Research
Technology

Study and Analysis of Chat GPT and its Impact on

Different Fields of Study
Dinesh Kalla (Doctoral Candidate) Nathan Smith (Doctoral Candidate)
Colorado Technical University Colorado Technical University
Microsoft (Big Data Support Escalation Engineer) Collins (Aerospace Principle Technical Publications
Charlotte, North Carolina Specialist)
San Diego, California

Dr. Sivaraju Kuraku Fnu Samaah

University of the Cumberlands Northeastern Illinois University
Istreetlabs LLC (Principal Security US Bank (Java Full Stack Developer)
Advisor) Fairfax, Virginia , USA Desplaines, IL

Abstract:- ChatGPT is a revolutionary technology that II. IMPLEMENTATION AND WORKING

uses advanced artificial intelligence techniques to OF CHATGPT
generate natural language responses to a given prompt or
input. It has been used across various fields, from natural ChatGPT is implemented through a deep neural
language processing to customer service to content network architecture that consists of several layers of
creation. This study and analysis of ChatGPT explore its transformers. These transformers are designed to process
origins, how it works, and its impact on different fields of sequential data, such as natural language text, and can
study. It examines the advantages and disadvantages of generate coherent and human-like outputs. To train ChatGPT,
ChatGPT, as well as its limitations and features. It also a large corpus of text data is fed into the model, allowing it to
discusses the impact of ChatGPT on academics, cyber learn patterns and relationships between words, phrases, and
security, customer support, software development, jobs, sentences. The training process is iterative, and the model
and information technology, as well as its potential continues to improve as it is exposed to more data [8]. Once
applications for researchers and scholars. trained, ChatGPT can be fine-tuned for specific applications
or tasks, such as language translation or content generation.
Keywords:- ChatGPT; Chatbot; AI; RLHF; Natural
Language; NLP; Open AI; Bard; SFT Model; RM Model; The working of ChatGPT can be broken down into
PPO. several steps. First, the user inputs a prompt or question into
the system. The model processes this prompt, which uses its
I. INTRODUCTION knowledge of language patterns and relationships to generate
a response. The response is then returned to the user, who can
Have you ever interacted with a chatbot that seemed continue the conversation or ask another question. This
almost human-like in its responses? Or have you used a method is entirely trained by Reinforcement learning from
language translation tool that accurately translated complex human feedback.
sentences and phrases? If so, you may have experienced the  SFT Model: It is a supervised fine-tuning model where
power of ChatGPT - a revolutionary technology transforming demonstration data is accumulated to train it.
how we communicate with machines and each other.  RM Model: The reward model will give points to the SFT
Developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT is a language model that model output based on how desirable the output is for
uses advanced artificial intelligence techniques to generate users.
natural language responses to a given prompt or input. Its  SFT Model via PPO: SFT Policy is fine-tuned by
impact has been felt across various fields, from natural reinforcement learning by letting it optimize the RM.
language processing to customer service to content creation. PPO refers to fined tuned model of proximal policy
In this study and analysis of ChatGPT, we will explore its optimization.
origins, how it works, and its impact on different fields of
study. Join us as we delve into the fascinating world of
ChatGPT and discover how it is changing our lives.

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such as customer service chatbots and language translation.
ChatGPT's ability to produce more human-like responses
than other natural language processing models, such as rule-
based approaches, can lead to more meaningful and engaging
conversations with users, resulting in better user experience
and satisfaction.

Another advantage of ChatGPT is its scalability, which

allows it to generate responses quickly and handle a large
volume of conversations simultaneously. This scalability
makes it an ideal tool for businesses and organizations
requiring automated customer service or language translation
services, as it reduces human intervention and increases
efficiency. ChatGPT's ability to handle multiple
conversations simultaneously can lead to faster response
times, ultimately improving user satisfaction.

ChatGPT's customizability is another critical advantage.

It can be fine-tuned to perform specific tasks or applications,
such as customer service or language translation, by adjusting
its training data and algorithms [5]. This flexibility ensures
that ChatGPT's responses are tailored to the specific needs of
the user's needs, making it a highly flexible and versatile tool.
Customizability also enables businesses and organizations to
create more personalized customer experiences, ultimately
improving customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Efficiency is yet another advantage of ChatGPT. Its

Fig 1: RLHF Training Method of ChatGPT ability to generate responses quickly and handle multiple
conversations at once means it can process large amounts of
The key to ChatGPT's success is its ability to generate information in a short amount of time [5]. Efficiency is
coherent and natural-sounding responses. Transformers particularly valuable in tasks such as customer service or
achieve this by allowing the model to process and generate language translation, where human intervention may be time-
text sequences. The model is also trained on a massive corpus consuming and costly. ChatGPT can help businesses and
of text data, which helps it learn the nuances of language and organizations save time and money by automating these
generate contextually appropriate responses. processes, increasing productivity and profitability.

The implementation and working of ChatGPT are B. Disadvantages of ChatGPT

complex and sophisticated. However, the result is a One disadvantage of ChatGPT is the potential for bias
technology that can generate human-like responses to various in its responses. Because it is trained on large datasets of text
prompts and questions. As ChatGPT continues to evolve and data, biases and inaccuracies within that data can be reflected
improve, we expect to see more special applications and use in its responses. This can result in ChatGPT's responses
cases emerge. perpetuating stereotypes or discrimination within the training
data. To minimize bias, selecting and curating the training
III. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES data carefully and continually monitoring ChatGPT's
OF CHATGPT responses to identify and correct potential biases is essential.

Advancements in artificial intelligence have led to the Another disadvantage of ChatGPT is its need for more
development of Chat GPT, a revolutionary technology that emotional intelligence. In human conversation, it may
generates human-like responses to natural language prompts. struggle to recognize and respond to emotional cues, such as
While Chat GPT has numerous advantages, such as natural sarcasm or humor. This can result in ChatGPT's responses
language generation and scalability, its fair share of becoming tone-deaf or insensitive, which can be frustrating
disadvantages must be considered. In this section, we will or off-putting for users. To address this issue, it may be
explore the advantages and disadvantages of Chat GPT in necessary to incorporate additional programming or training
more detail. data to help ChatGPT better understand and respond to
emotional cues.
A. Advantages of ChatGPT
One advantage of ChatGPT is its natural language
generation capability, which enables it to generate human-
like and coherent responses. This feature is particularly
useful for applications where natural language is essential,

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As an AI language model, Chat GPT may struggle with
certain aspects of natural language processing, making it
difficult for users to understand or interpret its responses
[13]. Despite its sophisticated algorithms and extensive
training, Chat GPT may still need help understanding the
nuances of human language, which can lead to
misinterpretations and misunderstandings.

Chat GPT lacks context, which means it may be unable

to understand the context of a conversation and may give
inaccurate responses. With an understanding of the context, it
can be easier for Chat GPT to provide relevant and helpful
responses to user queries.

Chat GPT's responses are limited by the domain

knowledge it has acquired through its training data [13]. As a
result, it may need help with highly specialized or niche
topics. This limitation can make Chat GPT less useful for
users seeking information on specific topics outside its
domain.

Chat GPT may not be able to recognize or respond

appropriately to emotional cues, such as sarcasm or humor.
While it can generate responses that sound natural, it cannot
understand the emotional context of a conversation, which
Fig 2: ChatGPT Showing False Response can lead to inappropriate or insensitive responses.

B. Features of ChatGPT
ChatGPT's limited knowledge base is also a  Automated Conversations: Chat GPT facilitates
disadvantage. Its responses are limited to the knowledge automated conversations, allowing users to interact with a
acquired through training data, meaning it may need help chatbot without needing a human operator. The system
with unfamiliar or highly specialized topics [5]. This can can generate responses quickly and accurately based on
result in ChatGPT providing inaccurate or unhelpful patterns and relationships in the data it has been trained
responses to user queries, which can be frustrating and lead on. It is an efficient tool for businesses and organizations
to a negative user experience. To address this issue, it may be that require automated customer service or language
necessary to supplement ChatGPT's training data with translation services.
additional sources of information or to use alternative tools in
 Improved Customer Service: Chat GPT can significantly
situations where ChatGPT's knowledge is insufficient.
improve customer service by providing quick and
accurate responses to user queries[5]. This can increase
ChatGPT's lack of empathy is a potential disadvantage.
customer satisfaction and loyalty, as users can promptly
It may need to empathize with users or provide a different
receive the support they need.
level of support and understanding than a human customer
 Cost-Effective Solution: Chat GPT is a cost-effective
service representative could provide. The lack of empathy
solution, as it eliminates hiring human operators to
can make users feel frustrated or unheard, ultimately leading
conduct customer service conversations. This can result in
to a negative experience. To mitigate this issue, it may be
significant cost savings for businesses, especially those
necessary to incorporate additional programming or training
that handle a high volume of customer service queries.
data to help ChatGPT better understand and respond to the
emotional needs of users or to use ChatGPT in conjunction  Natural Language Processing: Chat GPT uses natural
with human customer service representatives to provide a language processing algorithms to understand and
more empathetic and personalized user experience. respond to natural language. This means that it can
interpret and respond to user queries in a way that mimics
human conversation, making it a highly intuitive tool for
IV. LIMITATIONS AND FEATURES OF CHATGPT
users.
A. Limitations of ChatGPT  Personalized Responses: Chat GPT can provide
Chat GPT has the limitation of offering limited dialogue personalized responses by remembering user preferences
options to users, which can restrict their ability to engage in and tailoring its responses accordingly[5]. This feature
meaningful conversations. While it can generate natural can help create a more engaging and satisfying user
responses, they are still limited to a predetermined set of experience, as users feel the system can understand and
options, which can feel restrictive and unsatisfying for some respond to their unique needs.
users.  Customizability: ChatGPT can be customized for specific
tasks or applications by adjusting its training data and
algorithms. This flexibility allows businesses and

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organizations to tailor Chat GPT's responses to their B. Retrieval-Based Chatbots: Retrieval-based chatbots are
specific needs, making simultaneously g it a highly another alternative to ChatGPT. These chatbots store a
adaptable and versatile t database of predefined responses to common queries and
 Scalability: Chat GPT is highly scalable, meaning that then retrieve the most relevant response based on the
once trained, it can handle a large volume of user's input. This approach can be practical for handling a
conversations simultaneously. This makes it ideal for use wide range of user queries, allowing chatbots to respond
in large-scale applications, where it can efficiently quickly and accurately. However, retrieval-based chatbots
process large amounts of information quickly. are limited by their database of predefined responses,
 Language Translation: Chat GPT can translate text which can result in repetitive or generic responses that
between different languages, making it a valuable tool for fail to address the user's specific needs. An example is
global communication. The system can accurately Mitsuku.
translate text in real time, providing a seamless and
efficient way for users to communicate across language C. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs): GANs are an
barriers. artificial intelligence model that can generate text and
other forms of content. In contrast to ChatGPT, GANs are
V. ALTERNATIVES OF CHATGPT not explicitly designed for conversational applications but
can be trained to generate natural language responses[12].
Several alternatives to ChatGPT can be used for natural GANs can be effective for generating high-quality,
language processing and automated conversation tasks. Due coherent text, but they require a large amount of training
to Microsoft's investments in ChatGPT, several companies data and can be computationally expensive to train.
like google came forward with their AI-based chatbot.
Google’s Bard is an AI-based chatbot designed to D. Hybrid Approaches: Hybrid approaches to conversational
complement the search engine and designed using the AI combine techniques, such as rule-based systems,
LaMDA language model, which is close to Chat GPT 3.5. It retrieval-based systems, and machine learning models
works similarly to Chat GPT, where it can generate answers like ChatGPT. These approaches can provide the benefits
on a different range of topics, and it will generate a user- of each individual technique while mitigating their
friendly response. Bard converts the Google search engine to limitations. For example, a hybrid approach might use a
an engaging virtual assistant. All these chatbots have rule-based system for handling simple queries and a
different alternatives based on their design methods. Some of machine learning model like ChatGPT for more complex
the exciting design approaches and types of chatbots are queries[12]. While hybrid approaches can be more
below. complex to develop and implement than individual
 Rule based Chatbots. techniques, they can provide a more robust and flexible
 Retrieval based Chatbots. solution for conversational AI applications.
 Generative Adversarial Networks
 Hybrid Approaches VI. HOW TO USE CHATGPT

All the Chatbots currently designed or implemented by ChatGPT is an AI-powered chatbot that enables users to
any organization are based on the above four approaches. create custom conversations with a natural language
processing-based interface. It is designed to enable users to
A. Rule-Based Chatbots: Rule-based chatbots are a popular quickly and easily create conversations for any application,
alternative to ChatGPT. Instead of using natural language from customer service to sales and marketing. To use
processing to generate responses, these chatbots rely on ChatGPT, first, the user must create an account and add an
predetermined rules to answer user queries. This approach AI instance. Then they must create a conversation by adding
can help handle simple, straightforward tasks, such as and connecting different elements, such as questions,
providing essential customer service support or answering answers, and user choices. They can also add conditions and
frequently asked questions[12]. However, rule-based triggers to customize the conversation and control the flow of
chatbots can need help with more complex queries, as the chatbot. Once the conversation has been created, the user
they lack the ability to interpret natural language and can preview and test it to ensure it works as intended. The
understand the nuances of human conversation. An user can publish the conversation, so it is available to use [4].
example is Revechat.com. They can also monitor the conversation's performance and
adjust the settings accordingly. This allows the user to ensure
their chatbot provides the best experience possible. Below is
the step-by-step process:
Step 1: Create a ChatGPT account. Visit the ChatGPT Open
AI website and click the "Sign Up" button. Enter your email
address and create a password.

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VII. IDEAS AND FUTURE RESEARCH
RELATED TO FIELD-BASED CHAT
GPT

Due to processing an enormous amount of data,

ChatGPT sometimes sends an incorrect or delayed response.
To train the ChatGPT model more accurately, future research
can be conducted on this by splitting the subject topics.
Below is the sample screenshot of the proposed model where
we can select sub-topics. Based on the sub-topics, it will hit
the specific data collection instead of traversing it.

Fig 3: Login page of Chat GPT

Step 2: Log in to your account. Once you have created an

account, you can access the ChatGPT dashboard.
Step 3: Create a conversation. Click on the "Create
Conversation" button and enter the conversation details, such
as the conversation's title, the participants, and the topic.

Fig 5: Proposed Model of ChatGPT

Due to Filtering the sub-topics, ChatGPT efficiency will

increase due to handling only limited datasets. Based on the
above model, we can construct different kinds of ChatGPT
for Jobs, Research, Scholars, Academics, health care, Sports,
and information technology tools like SQL, Big Data, .net,
Python, and Java. This will further help organizations dealing
with customers where they can introduce this tool to
customers wherein any critical issues, they can utilize this
tool instead of reaching to product support directly. It will
create quality customer support and service due to the speedy
Fig 4: Home Screen of Chat GPT response they get while using chat GPT.

VIII. IMPACT OF CHATGPT ON DIFFERENT

Step 4: Start the conversation. Once the conversation is FIELDS
created, you can start chatting with your participants.
Step 5: Use ChatGPT's built-in natural language processing A. Academics: ChatGPT has the potential to revolutionize
(NLP) features. ChatGPT has an advanced NLP engine that academics. It can help students better understand concepts
can help you understand the messages you receive and they are struggling with by providing customized,
naturally respond to them. interactive explanations. The AI-powered system can also
Step 6: Monitor the conversation. You can monitor the help teachers provide customized feedback to individual
conversation to ensure that the conversation is going in the students, saving them time and effort[6]. ChatGPT can
right direction and that everyone is participating. also be used to grade assignments and tests or to provide
Step 7: End the conversation. When you are done chatting, automated feedback to students. In addition to these,
you can click on the "End Conversation" button, and the ChatGPT can be used to develop innovative projects and
conversation will be archived. resources. For instance, it can be used to create interactive
games and activities that engage students more
meaningfully. It can be used to create intelligent tutors
that provide personalized guidance and feedback to
students as they progress with their studies.

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B. Cyber Security: ChatGPT has created a significant impact
in the field of cyber security, where it can be used to E. Jobs: The impact of ChatGPT on jobs has been twofold.
detect and prevent cyber-attacks. The language model can On the one hand, it has created new job opportunities in
help identify phishing emails, distinguishing between fields such as natural language processing, artificial
genuine and fraudulent emails by analyzing the language intelligence, and machine learning. As demand for these
used in the email [2]. ChatGPT can help in detecting skills increases, there is a growing need for specialists
malware, where it can identify malicious code by who can work with ChatGPT and similar technologies.
analyzing the language used in the code. Moreover, On the other hand, ChatGPT has also impacted existing
ChatGPT can be used to create secure passwords, which jobs. For example, chatbots and virtual assistants are
can generate complex and unique passwords that are increasingly used to handle customer support queries,
difficult to guess. reducing the need for human customer service
C. Customer Support: ChatGPT can improve customer representatives. This trend will likely continue as chatbot
support services by providing customers with technology becomes more advanced and capable of
personalized support. It can be used to create virtual handling more complex tasks[3]. However, it is essential
agents to provide customers with personalized assistance to note that while ChatGPT may replace some jobs, it will
and advice. These virtual agents can be programmed to also create new ones. Ultimately, it can increase
understand customer requests and respond accordingly. In productivity and efficiency in many industries.
addition, ChatGPT can be used to develop automated F. Information Technology: ChatGPT has significantly
systems that can detect potential customer problems and impacted the field of information technology (IT). It has
provide timely solutions. For instance, it can be used to revolutionized how we interact with technology and has
develop automated systems that can detect customers' made it easier for people to access and use information.
issues and provide solutions on their behalf. It can be Chatbots and virtual assistants are now commonly used in
used to create intelligent customer service agents to customer service, healthcare, and e-commerce, among
provide customers with personalized services and advice. other industries. They rely on NLP technology to
D. HealthCare: ChatGPT can improve healthcare services understand and respond to user queries. ChatGPT has also
by providing personalized assistance to doctors and other enabled the development of more advanced search
healthcare professionals. It can be used to develop engines and recommendation systems that can provide
automated systems that provide medical professionals more accurate and personalized results. In addition,
with personalized advice and guidance [3]. For instance, ChatGPT has opened up new possibilities for
it can be used to create intelligent health systems that cybersecurity and data analysis, allowing IT professionals
provide personalized medical advice based on a patient's to identify and respond to threats more quickly and
medical history. In addition, ChatGPT can be used to effectively.ChatGPT will replace customer support jobs
develop systems that can detect potential health problems in the future, saving much money for any organization as
and provide timely solutions. Furthermore, it can be used customers will use ChatGPT for initial help before
to create virtual agents to provide patients with reaching customer support. In most cases, ChatGPT may
personalized health advice and support. So Chatbots will solve the issue, which will reduce the volume of incoming
have great positive impact when it comes to the cases or Incidents, which will further help the
healthcare sector due to its direct interaction of patients organization to reduce the staff. Due to this reason it can
and it will eliminate the privacy concerns of the patients. also create negative impact on the job market due to
Software development: ChatGPT has significantly decrease in jobs where customer support is involved.
impacted the software development field. It has allowed G. Researchers and Scholars: ChatGPT has had a significant
developers to integrate natural language processing (NLP) impact on researchers and scholars in a variety of fields.
capabilities into their software applications, making them In particular, it has revolutionized how we approach
more interactive and user-friendly. Chatbots, virtual natural language processing and artificial intelligence
assistants, and other conversational interfaces are research. ChatGPT has made it easier for researchers to
examples of NLP-based software that have become develop and test new NLP models and analyze and
increasingly popular in recent years[2]. With ChatGPT, interpret large volumes of text data [9]. It has also
developers can create more advanced and sophisticated enabled researchers to create more advanced chatbots and
chatbots that can understand and respond to user queries conversational agents, which can be used for various
more humanistically. This technology has also made it purposes, including education, healthcare, and therapy.
easier for developers to incorporate machine learning and ChatGPT has also made it easier for researchers to
AI capabilities into their applications. As a result, collaborate and share data, as well as to access and
ChatGPT has opened up new possibilities for software analyze large datasets from a variety of sources.
development, making it more intuitive, engaging, and
effective. The results of chatGPT related to coding is
outstanding which will further help software developers
on their daily work at an organization and it will replace
Stack Overflow.

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H. Consulting: The impact of ChatGPT on consulting has us with a framework to study and carry out scholar-
been significant. It has enabled consultants to provide practitioner research on ChatGPT.
more personalized and effective client services by using
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT European Software Development Company.
https://incora.software/insights/chatgpt-limitations
We want to extend our sincere and heartfelt
appreciation to the faculty of Colorado Technical University
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