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1.1 Cell Structure and Function

This document contains an exercise on cell structure and function with three sections. Section A contains 20 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of cell organelles, their structures and functions. Section B contains short answer questions requiring identification and explanation of key cell structures and processes. Section C involves defining a cell, labeling structures on a diagram, explaining functions of organelles, and comparing differences between plant and animal cells. The exercise tests a fundamental understanding of cell biology.

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175 views

1.1 Cell Structure and Function

This document contains an exercise on cell structure and function with three sections. Section A contains 20 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of cell organelles, their structures and functions. Section B contains short answer questions requiring identification and explanation of key cell structures and processes. Section C involves defining a cell, labeling structures on a diagram, explaining functions of organelles, and comparing differences between plant and animal cells. The exercise tests a fundamental understanding of cell biology.

Uploaded by

simbamundawarara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercise: 1.

1 Cell structure and function

Section A
Answer all the questions. For each question there are four possible
answers, A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you consider correct.

1. Which of the following characteristics does not qualify for allliving


organisms?
A. Growth
B. Sensitivity
C. Photosynthesis
D. Ingestion

2. What is the purpose of staining a specimen for microscope


observation?
A To allow light to pass through
B To improve contrast between the structures
C To trap air between the slides
D To avoid folding the specimen

3. Which is the odd one for animal and plant cells?


A Have chloroplasts
B Have a large vacuole
C Have a cell membrane
D Have a nucleus

4. The nucleus of a plant cell is found in the ________________.


A. vacuole
B. nucleolus
C. cytoplasm
D. cell wall

5. Which two structures are partially permeable in a plant cell?


A. Cell wall and cell membrane.
B. Cell wall and cytoplasm
C. Cell membrane and sap vacuole membrane
D. Cell membrane and cytoplasm.
6. A cell is given its definite shape by
A. Ribosome.
B. Cell membrane.
C. Nucleus.
D. Cell wall.

7. Palisade cells are located in the


A. Spongy layer.
B. Mesophyll layer.
C. Lower epidermis.
D. Upper epidermis.

8. Which is the correct sequence, starting with the largest to the


smallest?
A. Organ system, organ, tissue, cell.
B. Organ system, organ, cell, tissue.
C. Cell, organ system, organ, tissue.
D. Cell, tissue, organ, organ system.

9. Which part of a plant cell contains cellulose?


A. Vacuole.
B. Cell wall.
C. Cytoplasm.
D. Nucleus.

10. What is the main function of the cells shown in Fig. 1.1 below?

Fig. 1.1

A. Transmission of impulses.
B. Absorption of water.
C. Absorption of glucose.
D. Transporting oxygen.
11. Which structure is found only in plant cells?
A. Mitochondria.
B. Cytoplasm.
C. Ribosome.
D. Chloroplast.

12. Identify the structure found in both plant and animal cells.
A. Vacuole.
B. .Cell wall.
C. Chloroplast.
D. Starch grains.

13. The diagram below is a................................

A. Xylem cell.
B. Palisade cell.
C. Animal cell.
D. Eye cell.

14. Identify the substances that move in and out of mitochondria.


A. Carbon dioxide in, nutrients in.
B. Carbon dioxide out, nutrients out.
C. Carbon dioxide out, nutrients in.
D. Carbon dioxide in, nutrients out.

15. What controls all activities in a cell?


A. Cytoplasm.
B. Cell wall.
C. Vacuole.
D. Nucleus.
16. The palisade mesophyll cell is a type of a
A. Leaf cell.
B. Xylem cell.
C. Muscle cell.
D. Neurone cell.

17. Which statement is correct about a root hair which is surrounded by


dilute solution of mineral ions.
A. Water molecules move out of the root hair as their concentration
is lower inside.
B. Water molecules move into the root hair as their concentration is
lower inside.
C. Water molecules move out of the root hair as their concentration
is lower outside.
D. Water molecules move into the root hair as their concentration is
lower outside.

18. Which statement is true of an animal cell?


A. Has a large vacuole
B. Outer layer is the cell membrane
C. Cell wall is visible
D. Has chloroplasts

19. Which structures are found in both plant and animal cells?
A. Cell wall, membrane, cytoplasm
B. Cell wall, membrane, chloroplasts
C. Membrane, chloroplast, nucleus
D. Membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

20. Genetic material is found in __________________ .


A. Mitochondrion
B. Nucleus
C. Cell wall
D. Vacuole
SECTION B

Answer all questions.

1. What is the functional unit in living organisms ?______________ [1]


Answer: cell

2. Which part of a light microscope regulates the amount of light on


specimen? ___________________ [1]
Answer: diaphragm

3. Which solution is commonly used to stain an onion epidermis


specimenwhen it is viewed under a microscope?
______________________ [1]
Answer: iodine solution

4. Which cell, plant or animal cell contains a large permanent vacuole?


___________________ [1]
Answer: plant

5. Where are cell organelles found in a cell of an organism?


___________________ [1]
Answer: cytoplasm

6. Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?


___________________ [1]
Answer: ribosome

7. Which word best describes the shape of an animal cell?


_____________________ [1]
Answer:irregular

8. Respiration occurs in which cell organelle? __________________ [1]


Answer: mitochondria

9. Which structuremaintains optimum conditions for chemical reactions


inside a cell? [1]
Answer: cytoplasm

10. What name is given to the cell structure that is freely permeable to
water and dissolved substances? ____________________ [1]
Answer: cell wall

11. Which cell organelle contains genetic material?


_______________________ [1]
Answer:nucleus

12. Which cell structure is selectively permeable?


________________________ [1]
Answer: cell membrane

13. Where is the nucleolus located in a cell of living organisms?


___________________________ [1]
Answer: nucleus

14. What is the structure that surrounds the cytoplasm called?


____________________________ [1]
Answer:cell membrane

15. In which cell structure does metabolic reaction occur?


____________________________ [1]
Answer: cytoplasm

Section C

1. Define a cell. [1]


Answer:Basic unit of living organisms

2. Fig.1.1 shows a plant cell.


a. Name the structures F and G. [2]
Answer: F - Nucleus, G - Cytoplasm

b. Explain two functions of the structure labelled D. [4]


Answer: It collects the waste products of metabolic reactions in the
cell because they become toxic if they accumulate in the cell.
It creates turgid pressure that maintains the normal structure of
the cell.

c. State the significance of structure B. [1]


Answer: Controls substances that enters and leaves the cell.

3. Describe the functions of cell wall. [4]


Answer: Freely permeable to water and dissolved substances which
pass by diffusion. Made of cellulose which is tough enough to support
and prevent turgid cell from bursting.

4. Draw the structure of an animal cell, and label the cell membrane,
cytoplasm, and the nucleus. [6]
Answer:

5. State two structural differences between plant cell and an animal cell.
Tabulate your answer. [4]

PLANT CELL ANIMAL CELL


Have a regular shape. Have an irregular shape.
Contains chloroplasts. No chloroplasts.
Has a cell wall. No cell wall.
Large permanent vacuole. Small temporary vacuole.

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