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Experimen 5

The document discusses four topics related to Linux: 1. The command line interface allows users to interact with the operating system by typing commands to perform tasks like file manipulation and software installation. Basic commands include ls, cd, mkdir, and rm. 2. Arrays can store multiple values of the same or different types and are useful for managing groups of related data. Arrays can be declared and printed in shell scripts. 3. Conditional statements, like if-then statements, control program flow by executing code only if certain conditions are met. 4. Decision making in shell scripts uses if-else statements and case statements to check conditions and execute corresponding code blocks. An example script checks if a file exists.

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34 views3 pages

Experimen 5

The document discusses four topics related to Linux: 1. The command line interface allows users to interact with the operating system by typing commands to perform tasks like file manipulation and software installation. Basic commands include ls, cd, mkdir, and rm. 2. Arrays can store multiple values of the same or different types and are useful for managing groups of related data. Arrays can be declared and printed in shell scripts. 3. Conditional statements, like if-then statements, control program flow by executing code only if certain conditions are met. 4. Decision making in shell scripts uses if-else statements and case statements to check conditions and execute corresponding code blocks. An example script checks if a file exists.

Uploaded by

semwalsiddhant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment -5

1.Commandline
The command line in Linux is a text-based interface that allows users to interact
with the operating system by typing commands. It is also known as the shell,
terminal, console, or prompt. The command line is a powerful tool that can be used
to perform various tasks such as file manipulation, system administration, and
software installation .
To access the command line in Linux, we need to open a terminal window. Once
we have opened the terminal, we can start typing commands and pressing enter to
execute them . Some of the basic commands that you can use in the command line
include ls (list files), cd (change directory), mkdir (make directory), and rm
(remove files) .
Some examples are-

 touch: Create an empty file.


 cat: Display the contents of a file.
 cp: Copy a file or directory.
 mv: Move or rename files or directories.

2.Array

In Linux, an array is a variable that can hold multiple values of the same type or
different types . It is a structured arrangement of similar data elements .Arrays are
useful when you want to store and manipulate a large number of variables. Instead
of creating multiple variables, you can store the same type of values in an array
and access them via an index number .

In shell scripting, arrays are used to group a set of variables together 2. You can
declare an array in a shell script using various approaches such as indirect
declaration, explicit declaration, or compound assignment 1.

Here are some basic examples that we can perform on arrays in Linux:

 Printing the first element of an array: echo ${array_name[0]}


 Printing a selected index element: echo ${array_name[index_number]}

3.Conditional Statement
A conditional statement is a logical statement that describes a relationship between
two propositions, where the truth of one proposition depends on the truth of the
other . It is also known as an if-then statement because it consists of two parts: an
antecedent (if) and a consequent (then) .

The antecedent is the condition that must be met for the consequent to be
true .Alternatively known as a conditional expression, conditional flow statement,
and conditional processing , a conditional statement is a set of rules performed if a
certain condition is met. It is sometimes called an If-Then statement, because IF a
condition is met, THEN an action is performed.

In programming, conditional statements are used to control the flow of a program


by executing certain code only if a certain condition is met .

For Example-

if (x > 0) {

// execute this code if x is greater than 0

In this example, the code inside the curly braces will only be executed if the
condition inside the parentheses (x > 0) is true.

4.Decision Making

In Linux, decision-making is an important concept that is used in shell scripting to


control the flow of a program by executing certain code only if a certain condition
is met . The programmer provides one or more conditions for the execution of a
block of code. If the conditions are satisfied, then those block of codes only gets
executed .

There are two types of decision-making statements that are used within shell
scripting: if-else statement and case statement .

Example-#!/bin/bash

# Check if the file exists


if [ -f /path/to/file ]
then
echo "File exists"
else
echo "File does not exist"
fi

Q1-Write a script that takes a number as input whether it is prime or not?


Ans-
num=$1
for (( i=2 ; i<$num/2 ; i++ ))
do
rem=$((num%i))
if [$rem -eq 0]
then
echo “Number is a Prime no”
exit 0.
fi
echo “No it is not a Prime no”.
done

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