International Journal of Engineering Research ISSN:2319-6890(online),2347-5013(print)

Volume No.5, Issue Special 1 pp : 229-231 8 & 9 Jan 2016

Study of Barrel Vault

Sarika B. Shinde, Pandit.M.Shimpale , Girish S. Deshmukh
Dept. of Civil Engg., M. G. M’s College of Engineering, Nanded
Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to the study Double Layer 2. Space frames can be built from simple prefabricated
Barrel Vault (DLBV) of 3D Truss type and Slab type. Truss units, which are often of standard size and shape. Such units
type double layer barrel vault is simple structural formation can be easily transported and rapidly assembled on site by
made up of network of longitudinal, transverse and braced semi-skilled labor. Consequently, space frames can be built at a
member with curvature in one direction only. The slab type lower cost.
barrel vaults consist of concrete shell supported on 3. A space frame is usually sufficiently stiff in spite of its
longitudinal beam and having curvature in one direction. lightness. This is due to its three dimensional character and to
Both types of barrel vault are analyzed and designed for the full participation of its constituent elements.
Aspect Ratio (Rise/Span) with consideration of Loads like 4. Space frames possess a versatility of shape and form
Live Load, Dead Load, Wind Load and Load combinations and can utilize a standard module to generate various flat space
The truss type barrel vault is designed as per IS: 800-2007 grids, latticed shell, or even free-form shapes
and slab type is designed as per IS: 456-2009. This work
leads to the comparison on span, maximum deflection, self- 2. Braced Double Layer Barrel Vaults
weight and cost criterions. The braced double layer barrel vault is composed of member
Keywords: Double layer barrel vault and Slab type barrel vault, elements arranged on a cylindrical surface. The basic curve is a
wind load, STAAD Pro2007 circular segment; occasionally, a parabola, ellipse or funicular
line may also be used. Figure.1 shows the typical arrangement
I. Introduction of a braced double layer barrel vault. Its structural behavior
1.Space Frame Structure depends mainly on the type and location of supports, aspect
The growing interest in space frame structure has witnessed ratio which can be expressed as R/S, where R is the rise of
worldwide over a last half century. It forms to accommodate curvature and S is span of curvature.[1,2]
large unobstructed area and satisfy the requirement for
lightness economy and speedy construction. [1,2] New and
imaginative application of space frame are being demonstrated
in the total range of building types such as sport arenas ,
exhibition pavilions assembly halls transportation terminals,
airplane hangars, workshops warehouse. They have been used
not only on long span roofs but also on mid and short span
enclosures as roofs, floors exterior wall and canopies.[2]
Some important factors that influence the rapid development of
space frame are
1. Requirement of large indoor space for human Fig. 1Truss Type DLBV[6]
activities A Components Of Braced Double layer barrel vault
2. Sport tournament cultural performance, mass a) Members
assemblies and exhibition can be held under one roof b) Member Connectors
3. Modern production and needs of grater operational c) Support member
efficiency. a) Members
4. Interior space can be used in variety of ways. A space frame consists of axial members, which are preferably
But the space frame highly statically indetermined and their tubes, also known as circular hollow sections. In this analysis
analysis lead to extremely tedious computation if done by hand. double layer barrel vault is provide with Tubular Member. [1,2]
The difficulty of complicated analyses as such system has b) Member Connectors
contributed his limited use. But by using computer programs it In this double layer barrel vault, MERO node connector was
possible to analyses vary complex space structure with greater used to connect members. It is a threaded spherical ball of hot
accuracy and less time involved.[2] forged steel with as many as up to 18 tapped holes, at different
Advantages of Space Frames [2] angles, distributed evenly over its surface, to receive tubular
1. One of the most important advantages of a space members at different angles. The sphere has flat surfaces
structure is its lightweight. This is mainly due to the fact that around the threaded holes to improve the seating of the spanner
the material is distributed spatially in such a way that the load sleeve. The holes are precisely drilled so that the center lines of
transfer mechanism is primarily axial i.e. tension or the tubes at a node meet at the center of the sphere. A bolt,
compression. which is inserted through a hole in the tubular member and

NCICE@2016 doi : 10.17950/ijer/v5i1/054 Page 229

 International Journal of Engineering Research ISSN:2319-6890(online),2347-5013(print)
Volume No.5, Issue Special 1 pp : 229-231 8 & 9 Jan 2016

passes through a cone welded to the end of the tube. The Mero
connector has the advantage that the axes of all members pass
through the center of the node, eliminating eccentricity loading
at the joint. Thus, the joint is only under the axial forces. Then,
tensile forces are carried along the longitudinal axis of the bolts
and resisted by the tube members through the end cones[1,2]

Loads
The following loads are considered [1,5]
Dead load: The dead load includes self-weight of the structure
and the weight of the roof covering materials. Galvanized Steel
Sheets are used for roofing[1].
Live load: The live load depends upon rise/span ratio and it is
calculated as per table-2 of IS-875 (Part-II). The dead and live
Fig. 2 Mero Connector
load are applied as area load[1]..
c) Support Members
Wind load: Wind load is the most important of all and it often
Double layer barrel vault are rested on the column and it can be controls the design. The Wind load is calculated as per IS: 875–
steel column section or a concrete column, here the vaults are 1987(Part-III). The wind load was applied as concentrated
rested on the steel column [1,2] loads on the nodes of a barrel vault[1].. Determination of wind
force on the curved surface of the barrel vault is complex task
and hence in-house computer program is prepared to calculate
3. Slab Type Barrel Vault (Shell) wind force at each node of the structure. The nodal loads are
Slab type barrel vault is called as thin shell and also called as determined by calculating the area surrounding each node, and
concrete shell. Concrete shell structure composed of a multiplying this area by the
relatively thin shell of concrete usually with no interior total factored load. The Excel sheet is used for the calculation
columns or exterior Buttresses. Shell is curvature along in one of nodal load. This process was repeated for each configuration
direction.. A thin shell is small in thickness as compared to its with a different (Rise/Span) ratio and boundary condition [5].
other dimensions and which deformation is not large as Load condition
compared to thickness. Membrane action in concrete shell Following loads and loading conditions is used for Analysis of
primarily caused by in plane stresses, through there may be Double Layer Barrel Vault
secondary forces resulting from flexural deformation. Shell is (1) Dead load (DL)
the analogous Concrete shell must be capable of developing (2) Live load(LL)
tension and compression. Concrete shells have been widely (3) Wind load parallel to ridge (WL+x)
used in the past as economical and suitable solutions for a (4) Wind load parallel to ridge(WL-x)
(5) Wind load perpendicular to ridge (WL+z)
number of structures such as roofs, silos, cooling towers and
(6) Wind load perpendicular to ridge (WL-z)
offshore platforms.[13] (7)1.2 Dead load(DL) +1.2 Live load(LL)
(8)1.5 Dead load(DL) + 1.5Wind load parallel to ridge (WL+x)
(9)1.5 Dead load(DL) -1.5Wind load parallel to ridge (WL-x)
(10)1.5 Dead load(DL) + 1.5Wind load perpendicular to ridge (WL+z)
(11) 1.5Dead load(DL) - 1.5Wind load perpendicular to ridge (WL-z)
(12)1.2[ Dead load(DL) + Live load (LL)+ Wind load parallel to ridge
(WL+x)]
(13)1.2[ Dead load(DL) + Live load(LL) - Wind load parallel to ridge
(WL-x)]
II. Parametric study (14) 1.2[Dead load(DL) + Live load(LL) + Wind load perpendicular to
ridge(WL+z)]
The design parameters considered are Span S, grid aspect ratio (15)1.2[ Dead load (DL)+ Live load(LL) - Wind load perpendicular to
and module size of DLBV. The configuration and model ridge(WL-z)]
making of DLBV along with analysis and minimum weight (16) 0.9 Dead load (DL) + 1.2 Wind load parallel to ridge (WL+x)]
designs is performed using analysis and design software [5]. The (17) ) 0.9 Dead load (DL) + 1.2 Wind load parallel to ridge (WL-x)]
hollow circular steel sections (Pipe sections) are used as (18) 0.9 Dead load (DL) + 1.2 Wind load parallel to ridge (WL+z)]
members of DLBVs and the design is carried out as per Indian (19) ) 0.9 Dead load (DL) + 1.2 Wind load parallel to ridge (WL-z)]
Code IS: 800, 19843,4,7.[3]
Due to the practical demands, members are grouped. The III. Deflection Constraint
grouping of problems is done based on module size and aspect The deflection of the member shall not be such as to impair the
ratio i.e. Rise/Span of DLG as given in Table1. strength or efficiency of the structure and lead to damage to
Table.1 finishing. The maximum vertical deflection should not exceed
L/325 of the span as specified in Code of Practice for general
construction in steel IS: 8007. But in present study, the

NCICE@2016 doi : 10.17950/ijer/v5i1/054 Page 230

 International Journal of Engineering Research ISSN:2319-6890(online),2347-5013(print)
Volume No.5, Issue Special 1 pp : 229-231 8 & 9 Jan 2016

maximum vertical deflection is restricted to L/400. It has been V. Conclusion

observed that for a constant length, few compression members In this Paper the Double Layer Barrel Vault and Slab Type
of DLBV lead to failure due to slenderness for L/325 threshold Barrel Vault is studied, Analyses and design in Staad. Pro.2007
and not for L/400. [3] for span of 10m to 30m this varied from 0.2 to 0.4 Aspect ratios
VI. Analysis (Rise/Span). The paper concludes that Deflection of Double
STADD.Pro2007 is an analysis and design software package Layer Barrel Vault is increases or decreases at different
for structural engineering, used in performing the analysis and member sizes for 0.2 to 0.4Aspect Ratio (Rise/Span) and in
design of wide variety types of structures. This implies that it Slab Type barrel vault deflection is increases with different
addresses all aspect of structural include development, Aspect Ratio. The maximum vertical deflection should not
verification, analysis, design and review of results. [5] exceed L/325 of the span as specified in Code of Practice for
After analysis in STADD.Pro2007 were found the maximu general construction in steel IS: 800. Moreover the choice of
deflection shown in table.2for DLBV and Table3 for STBV barrel vault is the major factor from economy and architecture
below for different aspect ratio. point, we suggest using 3D truss type barrel vault will satisfy
both the considerations.
Table 2 DLBV
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