Philosophy of Education

Assignment No 2

Department of : BS education
Submitted To : Dr.Mamoona Bibi
Submitted By : Eman Fatima and Amna Bibi
Group No : 12
Topic :
Comparative analysis of western philosophers

Philosopher Aims of education Curriculum Teaching methods

No names

The aim of education is Plato's education must have Plato's most influential an
not personal growth consisted of a wide range of ideas include: The Forms
but service of the state, arts and sciences – from Forms - reality is divided
which is the guarantor dance and music, to poetry, sections: the eternal, real
of the happiness of its mathematics, astronomy, and ideal of what should be, a
1 Plato citizens for as long as history. phenomena of what exist
they allow it to be the Learn by talking and asking physical world as we per
embodiment of justice. question.earning Plato believes that confli
Finding truth trying to everything.Imagine perfect of different parts of socie
be a good looking things. harmonized.
beyond what we see. Plato's education must Children learned best
According to Plato, have consisted of a wide activities that attracted
individual justice can range of arts and sciences enthusiasms, that “turn
be obtained when – from dance and music, their souls” to the Good
each individual to poetry, mathematics, Similarly, play was the
develops his or her astronomy, and adults to learn and do p
ability to the fullest. history.The best, rational and it was the only way
In this sense, justice and righteous, political new truth..
means excellence. order, which he proposes, Primary education inclu
For the Greeks and leads to a harmonious education, intellectual
Plato, excellence is unity of society and allows education,moral educa
virtue. each of its parts to
flourish, but not at the
expense of others.

He believed that The curriculum must Aristotle believed that tea

education should be be varied, diversified and should create an environm
purposeful and should broad based. Physical encourages critical thinki
aim at fulfilling the science, social science, logic reflection, and independe
inherent potential of and state-craft all should be Instead of merely imparti
2 Aristotle individuals. Education included in the curriculum. knowledge, teachers shou
should contributing to Aristotle pleaded for a broad intellectual curiosity and
the overall flourishing environment for the for learning in their stude
of individuals and intellectual development of Aristotle suggested ind
society. The whole the individual. deductive methods of t
purpose of an For him, he believed that was the first to formula
education, according a balanced curriculum these procedures.
to Aristotle, is to should be provided to the Aristotle applied these
prepare the person child which both for the objective a
for the eudaemonic included opportunities for studies: It is in this resp
life, namely, the play, physical training, is considered as the fa
pursuit and music, debate, and the modern sciences.
 attainment of her study of science and To a first approximation
highest excellence; philosophy which were the distinctive method
her becoming a needed to assist the child philosophy.
happy and flourishing in developing their body,
human being. mind and sou.
Socrates has long been Socrates' philosophy of Socratic questioning is a
considered the father of education entails that all the teaching by asking thoug
modern education. He ethical and moral norms and questions. A teacher who
believed that as self- values are inside one's mind technique asks questions
learners we must first at the time of birth and as a of genuine curiosity, enco
admit to our ignorance person grows older, through student to think deeply ab
3 Socrates and realist that there is reasoning and learning one responses.
a world of knowledge come to understand them. He taught that people sho
ready to be accessed, Socrates believed that no one about their bodies and po
but only once we can does wrong voluntarily. Evil more about their souls, sa
accept that we don't is the result of ignorance. does not bring goodness,
already know Socrates believed that no brings wealth.
everything. Socrates one does wrong After the biographical f
believes that a voluntarily. Evil is the Socrates and his life, w
teacher or an result of ignorance. If the method he used in
educator is one who people knew what was the the two main types of h
possesses the skill to right thing to do they method, Classic and M
make people fine and would do it. We always Socratic Method. Since
good in virtue; choose what we think is Socrates' approach is t
educational success the best or good for us. as a form of teaching w
is to rouse people to how exactly the Socrat
be fine and good in goes.
human and civic
virtue.
Dewey holds Dewey's curriculum is based He believed in using exp
that education is a on the actual experiences, learning as part of the edu
necessity for healthy interests and impulses of the process, whereby student
living in the society. child. Instruction is a encouraged to combine th
Education bridges the “continual re-construction”. knowledge with practical
gulf between the innate The past experiences are Dewey also focused on p
nature of the child and reconstructed in the light of meaningful experiences t
the social needs and the present experiences. to a student's growth as le
demands. It gives him Actual experiences will method, what a child doe
4 John Dewy social consciousness. arouse interest and great important thing. In the Pr
The school directs motivation for learning. Problem Method, which
guides and controls the Experiential learning as part advocated, the child's inte
inborn propensities of of the educational process, purposes are the most im
the child in socially whereby students are things..
desirable channels. encouraged to combine their
theoretical knowledge with
practical experience.
 Bertrand Russell wrote Russell recommended a Russell recommended a g
that philosophy is the general and compulsory compulsory curriculum f
attempt to answer curriculum for children up to to the age of fourteen yea
“ultimate questions” — the age of fourteen years. At stage the curriculum shou
questions about the this stage the curriculum include ancient literature
clarity, coherence, or should include ancient language, mathematics, s
reasonableness of those literature, modern language, geography, music and da
concepts and mathematics, science, Apart from student-orien
presuppositions that geography, music and dance. oriented, and society-orie
non-philosophers Bertrand Russell wrote that philosophies, there are al
5 Bertrand presume to be philosophy is the attempt to philosophies of education
Russell intelligible or answer “ultimate ism, progressiveness, soc
obviously true. questions” — questions deconstructionism, etc., a
The most important about the clarity, coherence, part of the teaching appro
aim of education for or reasonableness of those teachers.
Russell was concepts and presuppositions the primary purpose of s
the development of that non-philosophers should be to produce cert
character in men and presume to be intelligible or characteristics in men as
women. For Russell obviously true. women (the inclusion of
character included advanced for its time).
vitality, courage,
sensitiveness, and
intelligence.