UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL

SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS, STATISTICS

& COMPUTER SCIENCE

Test 1. MATH134 Quantitative Methods 1

28th of March 2019

DURATION: 90-minutes TOTAL MARKS: 100

INTERNAL EXAMINER: Professor A Maharaj, Dr N. Paru-
masur & Dr R. Willie

This questions paper is 11 pages

INSTRUCTIONS:
• Attempt all 13 questions. Each question is 3 marks.
• Use ONLY a HB pencil to fill your student details and answers to questions on the MCQ card
provided.
• Workings space to each question is provided on the question paper.
• Read all questions quickly. Mark and answer first those your can do immediately so as not to loose
on time.
• There is no negative marking, i.e. if you get a question wrong you get zero as your mark for that
question.
• No programmable calculators are allowed.
• Make sure you submit your MCQ card to the invigilator before you leave the test venue.
Question 1 (C) Office equipment of purchase value 20 thousand rands is assumed to depreciate linearly
to a scrap value of 2 thousand rands after 10 years. What is the value V (t) of the equipment after 6 years.

(A) R10 100, (B) R7 400, (C) R9 200, (D) R5 600, (E) R8 300

Reasoning; .
Purchase Value (0, 20, 000), Scrap Value (10, 2000).
0 − 20000 18000
Slope := =−
10 − 0 10
Using slope-intercept form V (t) = −1800t + 20000. Therefore, V (6) = −1800(6) + 20000 = 9200.

Question 2 (D). A company manufactures and sells a specialty watch. The research department has
established that at a price of R88/watch the demand is 2 thousand watches and at price of R38/watch
the demand is 12 thousand watches. Assuming a linear demand function, what is the price for a demand
of 8 thousand watches?

(A) R68, (B) R78, (C) R48, (D) R58, (E) R54.

Reasoning Demaned quantity against price, (2000, 88) and (12000, 38).

30 − 88 50
Slope := =− = −0.005
12000 − 2000 10000
P − 38 = −0.005(q − 12000) ⇒ P = −0.005q + 98
. Therefore, P = −0.005 × 8000 + 98 = R58.

Question 3 (A). Antle and Capalbo estimated a linear spring wheat supply function, of that supply
is 50 millions bushels at a price of R2.90/bushel and 100 millions bushels at R4. What is the price if 80
million bushels is supplied.

(A) R3.56, (B) R4.56, (C) R2.56, (D) R4, (E) None of the above

Reasoning; Supply quantinity against price (50, 2.90) and (100, 4).

4 − 2.90 1.10
Slope := = = 0, 022
100 − 50 50
Therefore, P − 4 = 0.022(q − 100) ⇒ P = 0.022q + 1.8 and P = 0.022 × 80 + 1.8 = R3.56.

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Question 4 (B) If the demand and supply functions for a certain brand of DVD players are
25p + 2x = 18125, and 25p − 2.25x = 7500
respectively, what is the equilibruim quantity and price.

(A) 2200 DVDs at price of R425, (B) 2500 DVDs at price of R525,
(C) 3000 DVDs at price of R600, (D) 2400 DVDs at price of R525, (E) None of the above.

Workings; Directly, one writes p = −0.08x + 725 and p = 0.09x + 300

   
b1 − b2 b1 − b2
(x, p) = , mk + bk
m2 − m1 m2 − m1
 
425 425
= , 0.09( ) + 300 = (2500, 525)
0.17 0.17

Relating to Question 5 and Question 6;

A student has R60 000 to invest. He wants to obtain an annual income of R7000 by investing in
loan stock yielding 13% and in a deposit account yielding 9%. If x and y denote the amounts invested
respectively.Then,

Question 5 (E) The model system of equations to solve this problem is;

x+y = 60000
(A)
0.9x + 0.13y = 7000

0.13x + 0.9y = 60000

(B)
x+y = 7000

x + y = 60000
(C)
0.13x + 0.9y = 7000
x + 0.9y = 60000
(D)
0.13x + y = 7000

(E) None of the above.

Question 6 (A) The amounts to be invested in each case are;

(A) R40 000-invested on loan stock, R20 000- deposit.

(B) R3800-invested on loan stock, R22 000-deposit.
(C) R36 000-invested on loan stock, R24 000-deposit.
(D) R42 000-invested on loan stock, R18 000-deposit.
(E) R44 000-invested on loan stock, R16 000-deposit.

Workings; Let x = amount invested in loan stock, and y = amount in deposits. Then,
 
x + y = 60000 1 1 |60000
⇐⇒
0.13x + 0.09y = 7000 0.13 0.09 |7000

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Directly by substitution, or using Gauss-Jorad to read answer as
 
1 0 |40000
0 1 |20000

Question 7 (A), (B), (D)

 1 3   
−7 7 −4 −3
Given matrix A = . Matrix B satisfying A − 3B = is;
−1 37 −1 0
 9 8   9 8   9 8

(A) 7 7 , (B) 7 7 , (C) 7 7 ,
0 17 0 17 0 − 17

9 8
 
(D) 7 7 , (E) None of the above.
1
0 7

Workings 
− 17 3
  
−4 −3
B = − 13 + 1 7
3
−1 0 3 −1 7

4 1 1 9 8
     
3 1 − 21 7 7 7
=  + = 
1
3 0 − 13 1
7 0 1
7

Question 8 (C) Matrix A satisfying

  
−1 −3 1 0
A= 1 1
3 6 3 3

is the matrix
     
0 −1 2 1 −2 −1
(A) , (B) , (C) ,
5 2 5 2 5 2
 
2 −1
(D) , (E)None of the above.
5 2

Workings

−1(1) + −3( 31 ) −1(0) − 3( 13 )

      
−1 −3 1 0 −2 −1
A= 1 1 = =
3 6 3 3 1(3) + 6( 13 ) 3(0) + 6( 13 ) 5 2
Question 9 (D) Which of the following augmented matrices is in row-reduced echelon form;

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  
  0 1 0 |−3
1 2 0 | 3
(A) , (B)  1 0 3 | 0 
0 1 1 |−1
   0 0 1 | 4
1 0 0 |−1 1 0 0 |−1
(C)  0 2 0 | − 3  , (D)  0 1 0 | 2  ,
0 0 1 | 5 0 0 1 | 1
 
0 1 −2 0 −3 | 7
(E)  1 0 3 0 2 |−3 
0 0 0 1 −2 | 0

Question 10 (D) The inverse matrix to the matrix

 
2 −3 −4
A= 0 0 −1 
1 −2 1

exists
(Hint; Step 1; In [A/I] interchange rows to R3 → R1 → R2 → R3; Step2; carry out the row operations
2R1 − R2 → R2, −R3 → R3 Step3; 6R3 − R2 → R2, R1 − R3 → R1 and Step 4; 2R2 + R1 → R1
to have [I/A−1 ]) and is the matrix
   
2 13 3 2 −11 −3
(A)  1 6 2  , (B)  1 6 −2 
1 −1 1 0 −1 0
   
2 −11 −3 2 −11 −3
(C)  1 −6 2 , (D)  1 −6 −2  ,
0 −1 0 0 −1 0

(E) None of the above.

Question 11 (D) The shaded region

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 is described
 by the following system
 of inequalities
 x + 5y ≥ 15  x + 5y ≥ 15
(A) 5x + y ≥ 15 , (B) 5x + y ≥ 15 ,
x, y ≥ 52 x, y ≥ 3
 


x + 5y ≥ 15 
 x + 5y ≥ 15


5x + y ≥ 15

(C) , (D) 5x + y ≥ 15 ,
3≤ x ≤ 15,
x, y ≥ 0

 
y ≥ 0


(E) None of the above

The following information is required for Question 12 and Question 13

A store wants to sell 200 shirts and 100 pants. It has decided to put together two offers A and B.
Offer A is a package of one shirt and a pair of pants which will sell for 30 Rands. Offer B is a package
of three shirts and a pair of pants, which will sell for 50 Rands. The store does not want to sell less than
20 packages of Offer A and less than 10 packages of Offer B. Denoting by x and y the numbers to be
sold of each offer respectively.

Question 12 (A),(C), (D) The mathematics set-up to this linear programming problem is

(A) Maximize; P = 30x + 50y

Subject to; x + 3y ≤ 200
x + y ≤ 100
x ≥ 20, y ≥ 10
(B) Maximize; P = 30x + 50y
Subject to; x + 3y ≤ 200
x + y ≤ 100
x ≥ 10, y ≥ 20
(C) Maximize; P = 30x + 50y
Subject to; x + 3y ≤ 200
x + y ≤ 100
x ≥ 20, y ≥ 10
(D) Maximize; P = 30x + 50y
Subject to; x + 3y ≤ 200
x + y ≤ 100
x ≥ 20, y ≥ 10
(E) None of the above.

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 Question 13 (D)
The number of packages to each offer to be sold to maximize profits is;
(A) P (70, 40) = 30 · 70 + 50 · 40 = 4100.
(B) P (50, 60) = 30 · 50 + 50 · 60 = 4500.
(C) P (60, 50) = 30 · 60 + 50 · 50 = 4300.
(D) P (50, 50) = 30 · 50 + 50 · 50 = 4000
(E) None of the above.

Workings

Evaluating the objective function in each of the vertices to determine optimal values.
• P (20, 10) = 30 · 20 + 50 · 10 = 1100
• P (90, 10) = 30 · 90 + 50 · 10 = 3200
• P (20, 60) = 30 · 20 + 50 · 60 = 3600

• P (50, 50) = 30 · 50 + 50 · 50 = 4000 Maximum

50 packages of each offer generates a maximum amount of 4000 Rands in Sales.

END of Test One Question Paper.