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PARIVARTAN PHYSICS
Most Important & Previously Appeared Questions from March2014-March2023

Part – D
Long Answers – 5 MARK QUESTIONS

1. ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

1. Derive an expression for the electric field due to an electric dipole at a point on the
axial line. (March 2016, July 2017)
2. Derive the expression for electric field at a point on the equatorial
plane of an electric dipole. (March 2015, Sept 2020, June 2019, MQP2022)
3. State Gauss law in electrostatics (M-2023) Derive the expression for the electric field
due to an infinitely long charged straight conductor using Gauss law.
(M-2023, July 2015, July 2016)
4. State Gauss law in electrostatics. Using the law derive an expression for electric field
due to uniformly charged thin spherical shell at a point outside the shell. (March
2014, July 2014, March 2019), outside and inside the shell. (July 2018)

2. ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

1. Define electrostatic potential due to a point charge and arrive at the expression for
electric potential at a point due to a point source charge. (March 2018)

3. CURRENT ELECTRICITY

1. Derive the condition for balance of Wheatstone’s bridge using Kirchhoff’s rules.
(March 2016, July 2014, March 2017, July 2016, June 2019, MQP 2022, May
2022)
Draw Wheatstone’s bridge circuit and write the condition for its balance.
(2m March2014, 3m March 2023)
2. Assuming the expression for drift velocity, derive the expression for conductivity of a
material where symbols have usual meaning. Define the term mobility.
(July 2015, March 2019)

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Derive , where the symbols have their usual meaning. (July 2018,March 2023)

3. Obtain the expression for the effective emf and the effective internal resistance of two
cells connected in parallel such that the current flowing in the same direction.
(March-2018)
Two cells of emf E1 and E2 and internal resistance r1 and r2 are connected in parallel
such that they send current in same direction. Derive an expression for equivalent
resistance and equivalent emf of the combination. (March 2019)
4. Derive an expression for equivalent emf and equivalent resistance of two cells
connected in series. (Sept 2020)

4. MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

1. Derive the expression for magnetic field at a point on the axis of a circular current loop
using Biot-Savart’s law. (March 2014, March 2015, March 2017, March 2018, March
2019,May 2022)
2. Derive the expression for the force between two parallel conductors carrying current and
hence define ampere. (July 2015, March 2016, July 2016, July 2017, July 2018, March
2020, MQP 2022, March 2023)
3. With the help of a diagram, derive the expression for the torque on a rectangular loop
placed in a uniform magnetic field. (May 2022)

5. SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS

1. On the basis of energy bands, distinguish between a metal, a semiconductor and an

insulator. Explain the formation of energy bands in solids. (March 2014)
Distinguish between conductor and semiconductor on the basis of band theory of solids
(3 mark)(M2015)
2. What is rectification (/rectifier 2022)? With a relevant circuit diagram and wave forms,
explain the working of p-n junction diode as a full wave rectifier. (July 2015, March
2016, March 2017, May 2022, March 2023)
Explain the working of p-n junction diode as a full wave rectifier with circuit diagram.
Give input and output waveform. (March 2018, July 2014)
3. What is rectification? Describe the circuit diagram the working of a p-n junction diode
as half wave rectifier with input and output waveform.
(June 2019, March 2020, MQP 2022)

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4. Describe with suitable block diagram action of p-n junction diode under forward and
reverse bias conditions. Also draw I –V characteristics. (July 2018)

6. Ray Optics
1. Derive lens maker’s formula. (March 2019 March 2017, July 2015, July 2016,
July 2017,May 2022)
2. Derive an expression for the equivalent focal length of two thin lenses kept in contact.
(March 2016, MQP 2022)
Derive the expression for effective focal length of two thin lenses kept in contact.
(3mark) (July 2018)
3. Deduce the relation between n, u, v and R for refraction at a spherical surface where
the symbols have their usual meaning.
4. Derive an expression for refractive index of the material of the prism in terms of angle
of the prism and angle of minimum deviation. (March 2015, March 2023)

7. DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER

1. Write the experimental observations of photoelectric effect.

(March 2016, Sept 2020,May2022)
Write any three experimental observations of photoelectric effect.
(3 mark) (March 2017, July18, March19)
2. Write Einstein’s equation of photoelectric effect. Give Einstein’s explanation of
photoelectric effect. (March 2015, MQP 2022)
3. Explain Hallwach’s and Lenard’s observations on photoelectric effect.
Define (a) work function (b) threshold frequency (c) stopping potential. (July 2015)
Define the terms (a) work function (1mMay2022) (b) threshold frequency (c) stopping
potential. (July 2015 \ 5mark) (3 mark)(July 2017)

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PARIVARTAN PHYSICS
Most Important & Previously Appeared Questions from March2014-March2023

Part – C
Short Answers – 3 MARK QUESTIONS

1. ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

1. Mention any three properties of electric charges. (March 2018, July 2014)
Write any two basic properties of charge. (2 mark) (March 2019)

2. What is an electric field line? Write four general properties of electric

field lines(5 mark) (May 2022)
Write three properties of electric field lines. (3M)
(July 2018, June 2019, March-2023)
Write two properties of electric field lines. (2 Mark)
(March 2016, July 2015, March 2017, Sept 2020)

2. ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

1. Derive the expression for potential energy of a system of two charges in the absence of
the external electric field. (March 2014, July 2016)
2. Derive the relation between electric field and electric potential due to a point charge.
(March 2017, July 2017, Sept 2020, MQP 2022)
OR
Establish the relation between electric field and electric potential.
(2 mark) (March 2020, July 2014)
3. Derive the expression for capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor. (March 2015)
4. Derive the expression for the energy stored in a charged capacitor.
(March 2016, March 2017, March 2020)
5. Obtain the expression for effective capacitance of two capacitors connected in series.
(July2019, June 2019)

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6. Derive the expression for potential energy of electric dipole placed in uniform electric
field. (March 2019)
7. Obtain the expression for effective capacitance of two capacitors connected in parallel.

3. CURRENT ELECTRICITY
1. Derive an expression for drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor in terms of
their relaxation time. (March 2016, July 2016, May 2022)

2. Derive the relation with the terms having usual meaning. (July 2017)

4. MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

1. Give an expression for force acting on a charge moving in a magnetic field and explain the
symbols.
When does the force become maximum? (July 2014)
When does the force acting on a charged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field is
maximum? (1 mark) (June 2019)
When will the magnetic force on a moving charge be maximum in a magnetic field?
(1 mark) (July 2016)
Write the expression for force acting on a moving charge in a magnetic field.
(1 mark) (March 2019)
2. State Ampere’s circuital law. Using it, derive the expression for magnetic field at a point
due to a long current carrying conductor. (March 2018, July 2015, MQP 2022)
Write the two reasons to show that, the galvanometer as such can not be used as an
ammeter. Give the method of converting the galvanometer into ammeter. (May 2022)

3. How can a galvanometer converted into a voltmeter? Explain with diagram.

(March 2017, July 2017)
4. Explain with circuit diagram, how to convert galvanometer into an ammeter.
(March 2015, June 2019, March 2023)
How would you convert galvanometer into an ammeter? Explain. (Sept 2020)
5. Write the expression for force per unit length between two straight parallel current
carrying conductors of infinite length. Hence define SI unit of current „ampere‟.
(March 2019)
6. Obtain the expression for radius of circular path of charged particle in a magnetic field.

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7. State and explain Biot-Savart law.

8. Derive an expression for the torque acting on a rectangular current loop placed in uniform
magnetic field.

5. MAGNETISM AND MATTER

1. State and explain Gauss law in magnetism. (2 mark)
(July 2016, June 2019, MQP 2022)
2. Write any three properties of diamagnetic substance. (MQP 2022) Ferromagnetic
substance (May 2022) Difference between dia & paramagnetic substances (March 2023)
3. Draw a typical hysteresis loop for a ferromagnetic material. Mark coercive fields in.
(MQP 2022)

6. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

1. Derive an expression for instantaneous induced emf in an AC generator. (June 2019)

With the help of labeled diagram, derive the expression for instantaneous emf induced in
an AC generator. (March 2020)
Give the principle on which AC generator works. With the schematic diagram explain the
basic parts of the AC generator. (March 2020)
2. Explain briefly the coil and magnet experiment to demonstrate electromagnetic induction.
(March 2016, July 2018)
Describe Faraday and Henry coil and magnet experiment to demonstrate the electro-
magnetic induction. (Sept 2020, MQP 2022)
3. Derive an expression for electromotive force (motional emf) induced in a rod moving
perpendicular to the uniform magnetic field.
(March 2015, July 2014, March 2017, July 2016, March 2023)
4. Mention any three application of eddy currents. (July 2017, May 2022)
5. Mention any two advantages of eddy currents in practical applications. (2 mark)
(March 2014)
Write any one advantages of eddy currents. (1 mark) (June 2019, Sept 2020)
6. State and explain Lenz’s law for induced emf. (March 2014)

State Lenz’s law in electromagnetic induction. (1 mark) (July 2018)

7. Derive the expression for energy stored in a current carrying coil. (July 2015)

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11. DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER

1. Name the three types of electron emission. (June 2019)

Write any two types of electron emission. (2 mark)(March 2014)
2. What are matter waves? Write the expression for de-Broglie wavelength of a particle
and explain the terms. (July 2016) Write the expression for de-Broglie wavelength of a
particle. (1 mark) (March 2017)
3. Write three experimental observations of photoelectric effect.
(March 2017, July 2018, March 2019)
4. Define the terms : a) Threshold frequency b) Work function c) Stopping potential.
5. Define work function. Write Einstein’s photoelectric equation and explain the terms.
(March 2020)
6. Give three characteristics of photons. (March 2014)

12. Atoms

1. Write three postulates of Bohr. Mention two limitations of Bohr atom model.
(March 2014)
State Bohr’s postulates of the hydrogen atom model. (3 mark)
(March 2018, July 2015,Marc 2023)
Write the three postulates of Bohr’s atomic model. (3 mark)
(March 2019,May 2022,March 2023)
2. Derive an expression for total energy of an electron in stationary state of hydrogen
atom assuming the expression for the radius.
(July 2014, July 2016, July 2017)
Assuming the expression for radius of the orbit, derive an expression for the total energy
of an electron in stationary state of the hydrogen atom. (July 2018)
Derive an expression for the energy of an electron in nth stationary orbit of hydrogen
atom by assuming the expression for the radius. (June 2019)
By assuming Bohr’s postulates, derive an expression for radius of nth orbit of electron
revolving round the nucleus of hydrogen atom. (3 mark)(March 2015, Sept 2020)
3. Give de Broglie’s explanation of Bohr’s second postulate. (MQP 2022)

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13. NUCLEI
1. State any three characteristics of nuclear force. (March 2016, July 2014)
Write any two characteristics of nuclear forces. (2 mark)(March 2018)
2. Give the differences between nuclear fission and fusion. What are nuclear fission and
fusion? (MQP 2022,March 2023 2m)
3. Define ‘mass defect’ and ‘binding energy’ of a nucleus. Write the relation between
them. (May 2022)

** Do problems on Binding Energy & Specific Binding Energy**

14. SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS

1.What is Zener diode? How is Zener diode used as voltage regulator? (March 2014,July
2017, July 2018, MQP 2022)(5mark Sept 2020)
2. Give any three differences between n-type and p-type semiconductors.
(July 2014, J 2016, M 2017, M 2018)
Distinguish between n-type and p-type semiconductors. (2 mark)(March 2019)
3. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. (March 2020,May 2022)
4. Explain Conduction band, Valance band and Energy gap in semiconductors.
(March 2019)

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PARIVARTAN PHYSICS
Most Important & Previously Appeared Questions from March2014-March2023

Part – B
Short Answers – 2 MARK QUESTIONS

1. ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS

1. State and explain coulomb’s law in electrostatics. (March 2014, March 2020)
State coulomb’s law. (1 Mark ) (March 2017, July 2015, March 2019)
2. Write coulomb’s law in vector form. Explain the terms.(March 2015)
3. Sketch the electric lines of force due to a point charge q if
(i) q<0 and (ii) q>0. (July 2016)
4. State and explain Gauss law in electrostatics. (July 2017)
5.Write any two properties of electric field lines. (July 2015)

2. ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

1. On what factors does the capacitance of a (dielectric) parallel plate capacitor depends.
(March 2017, March 2018, 3m May 2022,2m March-2023)
2. A parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates has capacitance C. What will be
the capacitance if
a) the distance between the plates is doubled?
b) the space between the plates is filled with a substance of dielectric constant 5?
(March 2020)
3. Write two properties of equipotential surface.
4. Distinguish between or What are polar and non-polar molecules (MQP – 2022, May
2022,1m March 2023).

3. CURRENT ELECTRICITY
1. State and explain ohm’s law. (March 2017, MQP 2022) State ohm’s law.
(1mark)(July 2018, May 2022)

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2. Give any two limitations of ohm’s law.

(July 2014, March 2015, July 2015, June 2019,March 2020, MQP 2022)
3. Define mobility. Mention its SI unit. (July 2017)
Define mobility of electron. (1 mark) (March 2014, March 2017)
4. What is ohmic device? Give one example. (July 2017)
5. State Kirchhoff’s laws of electrical network. (March 2018)
State Kirchhoff’s junction rule. (1 mark) (July 2017)
6. Write the expression for drift velocity in terms of current, explain the terms used.
(March 2019)
7. Represent graphically the variation of resistivity with absolute temperature for Copper
and Nichrome metals. (July 2018)
Draw the curve to show the variation of resistivity as a function of temperature for
copper. (1 mark) (Sept 2020)
8. Define the terms 'Drift Velocity' and 'mobility'(March 2023) of free electrons.
(Sept 2020)
Define drift velocity of electrons. (1 mark)(March 2018, July 2014)

4. MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

1. State Ampere‟s circuital law and represent mathematically. (July 2014,2m March 2023)
State Ampere‟s circuital law. (1 mark) (March 2015, June 2019, Sept 2020)
2. What is toroid? Mention an expression for magnetic field at a point inside a toroid.
(March 2016)
3. Mention an expression for the magnetic field produced at the center on the axis of a
current carrying solenoid and explain the terms. (June 2019)
4. What is a moving coil galvanometer? What is the principle of moving coil galvanometer?
5. When does the force experienced by a straight current carrying conductor placed in a
uniform magnetic field become (a) maximum and (b) minimum? (Sept 2020)

6. A proton and an electron enter a uniform magnetic field at the same angle with the
field and with the same speed. Do they experience force of same magnitude? Justify your
answer

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6. MAGNETISM AND MATTER

1. What is magnetic susceptibility? For which material is it low and positive. (March 2014)
What is magnetic susceptibility? (1 mark) (March 2019)
2. Write any two properties of magnetic field lines. (March 2015, July 2014)
3. What is an magnetic dipole moment? Write its SI unit.

7. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
1. State and explain Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. (March 2017)
State Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. (1 mark)
(July 2014, March 2016, March 2018)
2. What is eddy currents? Give one use of it. (March 2014, July 2015,March 2023)
3. What is meant by self inductance and mutual inductance? (July 2016)
4. Mention any two factors on which the self-inductance of a coil depends. (July 2018)
5. What is AC generator?
On what principle AC generator works? Why the current generated by it is
called alternating current. (May 2022)

7. ALTERNATING CURRENT
1. What is a transformer? Mention any two sources of energy loss in transformer.
(March 2016, March 2017)
What is the principle behind the working of a transformer? Mention any two sources of
energy loss in transformer. (July 2015)
Mention one power loss in transformer. (1 mark) (March 2018)
What is a transformer? Mention any one sources of energy loss. (2 mark) (June 2019)
Mention the three types energy loss in a transformer. (3 mark)
(March 2019,MQP 2022,May 2022)
Mention two sources of energy loss in transformer. (2 mark)(March 2020,March 2023)
2. Explain the construction of a transformer. Mention its principle. (March 2014)
3. With diagram, explain the working of a transformer. (July 2016)
4. Derive an expression for resonant frequency of series circuit containing inductor,
capacitor and resistor. (July 2014)

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5. Show that voltage leads current by π 2 when ac voltage is applied to pure inductor.
(March 2015)
6. Show that voltage and current are in phase when ac voltage is applied to pure resistor.
7. What is resonant frequency? Write the expression for resonant frequency. (Sept 2020)

12. DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER

1. Write any two types of electric emission.

(March 2014) (March 2019/1mark)
1. Define (i) Photoelectric work function (ii) electron volt (eV). (July 2016)
2. What are de-Broglie waves? How does the de-Broglie wavelength vary with momentum
of moving particle. (July 2017)
3. What are de-Broglie waves? Name an experiment which verified the wave nature of
electrons (May 2022)
4. Calculate de Broglie wavelength associated with an electron moving with the speed of
2x105 ms-1. Given h= 6.625 x 10-34 Js and mass of the electron = 9.1x 10-31 kg.
5. Write the expression for de-Broglie wavelength of electrons in terms of electric
potential and explain the terms used. (March 2019)
6. An alpha particle, a proton and an electron are moving with equal kinetic energy.
Which one of these particles has the longest de Broglie wavelength? Give reason.
(March 2020)
7. Find the potential difference through which an electron be accelerated so that its de
Broglie’s wavelength becomes 0.1227nm. (MQP 2022)

12. Atoms

1. Draw the diagram representing the schematic arrangement of Geiger-Marsden

experimental setup for the alpha particle scattering (Rutherford alpha scattering
experiment). (March 2018,May 2022)
2.Write the Limitations of Bohr's atomic model. (Sept 2020,MQP 2022)
3. Name the spectral series of hydrogen atom lies in
a) ultraviolet region and b) visible region of electromagnetic spectrum. (March 2023)

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13. NUCLEI

1. What are isotopes and isobars? (March 2016)

What are isotopes? (1 mark)(July 2014, June 2019)
What are isotopes and isobars? Give one example.
2. What are isotones? Give one example?
3. Define atomic mass unit. Write the value of 1 atomic mass unit in kilogram.
4. Define mass defect. Give the equation of mass defect .
5. Give any two differences between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. (March 2023)

14. SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS

1. What are intrinsic semiconductors? Name the element used as a dopant to obtain p-
type semiconductor. (July 2015)
2. Write any two advantages of light emitting diode (LED) over conventional incandescent
low power lamps. (July2018, May 2022)
Write any one advantage of LED. (1 mark) (July 2017)
3. What is photo diode? Mention its one use. (March 2015)

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