Reading Explorer 3 (2nd Edition) Teacher’s Guide

Unit 1 – Sport and Fitness

Warm Up

Answer Key:

1. and 2. Answers will vary.3. Answers will vary. Possibilities include: soccer players, marathon
runners, triathletes, boxers

Lesson 1A – The World’s Game

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. T; 2. F (Europe); 3. F; 4. T
B. Predictions will vary. Reasons discussed in the passage include: camaraderie, international
appeal, promise of wealth, simplicity, keeping children out of trouble.

Reading Comprehension
1. c; 2. c; 3. b (lines 29–32); 4. c (lines 43–45);5. a (line 54); 6. c (lines 62–64); 7. c

Reading Skill
A. 1. a date: 2500 B.C.E. (line 4); 2. a place: China (line 5); 3. a place: Britain (line 6);4. a date:
1840s (line 7); 5. a name: Cristiano Ronaldo (line 24)
B. 1. F (lines 21–24); 2. T (lines 35–36); 3. T (lines 43–46); 4. T (lines 69–71); 5. T (line 83)

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. competition; 2. unique; 3. participated;4. victory; 5. promote; 6. responsible
B. 1. a; 2. a; 3. b; 4. a

Lesson 1B – What Makes an Olympic Champion?

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. athletes; 2. Training; 3. Olympics; 4. medals
B. Answers will vary.

Reading Comprehension
1. a; 2. b; 3. a; 4. d (lines 32–37); 5. b (lines 53–59); 6. d; 7. b

Reading Skill
A. Note that bowling can be considered either a team sport or a non-team sport. Use ball: a, c,
d, e, g; Don’t use ball: b, f, h; Team sports: a, c, e; Non-team sports: b, c, d, f, g, h; Exciting to
watch/Not exciting to watch: Answers will vary.
B. Marathon runners: b, f; Gymnasts: c, e; Both: a, d

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. champion; 2. motion; 3. enhanced;4. differentiated; 5. attributed; 6. psychological; 7.
automatically
B. 1. automatic; 2. motion; 3. psychological;4. enhance; 5. generate; 6. genetic; 7. adjust

Viewing: Living at High Altitude

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. 1. d; 2. e; 3. a; 4. b; 5. c
B. Answers will vary. The vocabulary suggests the video is about how breathing works at high
altitudes.

While You Watch

A. a. 3; b. 2; c. not mentioned; d. 1
B. Summary Completion: 1. thinner; 2. oxygen;3. sickness; 4. breathe; 5. lungs; 6. thicker; 7.
established; 8. fire; 9. tools; 10. Biological

After You Watch

1. Answers will vary. 2. Answers will vary. Possibilities include how mountain climbers adapt to
high altitudes by acclimating themselves gradually and using oxygen tanks.

Unit 2 – Skin Deep

Warm Up

Answer Key:

1. Answers will vary. 2. Physical appearance doesn’t count as much as someone’s personality
and character. 3. Common approaches include cosmetics, beauty treatments, and cosmetic
surgery.

Lesson 2A – What is Beauty?

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. Answers will vary.
B. 1. c (line 4); 2. d (lines 40–41); 3. b (lines 75–76); 4. e (lines 5–7); 5. a (lines 36–39)

Reading Comprehension
1. a; 2. c (lines 4–5); 3. b; 4. d; 5. b (lines 76–78); 6. a; 7. a

Reading Skill
1. a (lines 1–3); 2. d (lines 16–17); 3. a (lines 41–45); 4. c (main idea, paragraph 6)

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. conform; 2. fundamental; 3. devote;4. alter; 5. predominantly; 6. Notion
B. 1. uniform; 2. genders; 3. mate; 4. subjective

Lesson 2B – Skin: The Body’s Canvas

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. Answers will vary. Possibilities include: human skin protects the rest of the anatomy and
protects the body against disease-causing organisms, water loss, and excessive sunlight.
B. 1. c (lines 43–46); 2. a (lines 49–55); 3. b (lines 65–67)

Reading Comprehension
1. b; 2. b (lines 45–47); 3. a (lines 50–54); 4. c (lines 66–68); 5. a; 6. c; 7. c

Reading Skill
1. a; 2. b; 3. a; 4. b; 5. a; 6. a; 7. a; 8. b

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. crucial; 2. denote; 3. identity; 4. permanent; 5. fade; 6. chemical
B. 1. criminal; 2. leisure; 3. permanent;4. external; 5. identity; 6. maturity

Viewing: Skin Mask

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. a. silicone; b. masks; d. Eyebrows, lashes
B. a. 1; b. 3; c. 2; d. 4

While You Watch

A. a. 1; b. 3; c. 2; d. 4
B. 1. T; 2. F; 3. F; 4. F; 5. T; 6. T

After You Watch

Discussion
Answers will vary. Possibilities include: 1. Silicone masks are often used in movie making. Other
possibilities include using them as a disguise, or as a costume for a party or for events like
Halloween; 2. Adding details to the mask is probably the most difficult part for the artists, while
staying still while the silicone is applied is probably the most difficult for the model.

Unit 3 – Animals in Danger

Warm Up

Answer Key:

1. Over 40,000 species appear on the World Conservation Union’s list of endangered plants and
animals. Common examples are the big cats, pandas, wolves, some whales, and elephants. 2.
Habitats become changed by human activity or by environmental factors. 3. Answers will vary.

Lesson 3A – Dangerous Journey

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. most European and African countries, Greenland, the Middle East, and Central Asia; 2. The
red-backed shrike travels as far as 10,900 km (6,800 mi); 3. Mostly, they are being killed for
leisure hunting as a sport, but some are killed for food.
B. The following should be checked: What’s killing these birds? and What are people doing to
save the birds?

Reading Comprehension
1. d; 2. a; 3. c (lines 19–20); 4. b (lines 24–38);5. b (lines 54–57); 6. b (lines 62–64); 7. a (line 73)

Reading Skill
A. Students find and underline words.
B. 1. c; 2. a; 3. d; 4. c; 5. c; 6. b; 7. c; 8. c

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. posed; 2. locations; 3. effective; 4. ban; 5. strictly; 6. current
B. 1. inevitable; 2. effective; 3. eliminates; 4. trapped; 5. incentive

Lesson 3B – Tracking the Snow Leopard

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. F; 2. T; 3. T; 4. T
B. The following should be checked: methods of protecting snow leopards and conflicts
between snow leopards and herders.

Reading Comprehension
1. d; 2. d; 3. a (lines 27–30); 4. d (lines 31–34);5. a; 6. d (lines 60–61); 7. c (lines 84–86)

Reading Skill
A. 1. b; 2. a; 3. c; 4. d
B. 1. silence it (lines 5–6); 2. experience poverty (lines 41–42); 3. money from guests, fences to
protect animals, guide training (lines 61–69);4. get a 20% bonus (lines 88–90); 5. make live
leopards more valuable so that the population increases or stabilizes (lines 96–100)

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. stalk; 2. drag; 3. reverse; 4. enforce;5. landscape; 6. status
B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. a; 4. a

Viewing: Tree Climber

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. 1. predator; 2. prey; 3. jaws; 4. branch
B. 1. Leopards are big cats that are found in Asia and sub-Sahara Africa. There are nine different
sub-species, and the one in the video lives in Kruger National Park, South Africa. 2. Leopards are
carnivores that have a wide diet ranging from hooved animals to monkeys and even reptiles,
rodents, and birds. 3. Other big cats like lions sometimes kill leopards.

While You Watch

A. (numbers given in order of sequence) 1. A leopard kills an impala.; 2. A hyena runs away with
the impala.; 3. The leopard kills another impala.;4. Another hyena tries to steal the impala.; 5. A
lion arrives.; 6. The hyena runs away.; 7. The lioness tries to climb a tree but can’t.; 8. The
leopard finishes its meal.
B. a. big cat; b. jaws; c. deciding which branch will support the weight; d. heavy

After You Watch

1. Their environments are different. Snow leopards live at high altitudes in the mountains, and
African leopards live in open savannahs edged with trees. Both their predators and prey are
also different. Snow leopards hunt herding animals as well as wild prey, but the main threat to
them is human killers. African leopards hunt a variety of wild animals, but must avoid lions and
other animals that can kill them. 2. Answers will vary.

Unit 4 – Violent Earth

Warm Up
Answer Key:

1. Natural disasters include extreme weather such as tornadoes, floods, hurricanes/typhoons,

as well as seismic events such as earthquakes, volcano eruptions, and tsunamis. 2. and 3.
Answers will vary.

Lesson 4A – Sacred Mountains

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. active; 2. erupted; 3. evacuation; 4. ash; 5. summit; 6. sacred
B. Mount Fuji and Popocatépetl. Predictions may vary. Actual answers are: beliefs about
volcanoes, why scientists are concerned

Reading Comprehension
1. c; 2. c (line 36); 3. b; 4. c; 5. a (lines 65–68); 6. c (lines 49–53 and 99–103); 7. d

Reading Skill
A. 1. Answers will vary.; 2.Paragraph 1: To describe the Decade Volcano Project; Paragraph 2:
To present the goal of the project; Paragraph 3: To present a success story from the project;3.
Answers will vary. Possibilities include: the Decade Volcano Project aims to prepare people who
live close to active volcanoes for eruptions.
B. Answers will vary.

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. ancestors; 2. disastrous; 3. abandon;4. dawn; 5. Holy
B. 1. witnessed; 2. displaced; 3. expands;4. monitored; 5. inevitable; 6. disaster

Lesson 4B – Earthquake Zones

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. F; 2. F; 3. T
B. The author is generally optimistic that scientists may be able to predict earthquakes in the
future.

Reading Comprehension
1. c; 2. d; 3. b; 4. d; 5. d (lines 64–67); 6. c (lines 82–83); 7. a

Reading Skill
A. 1. b; 2. A
B. 1. Natural gas pipes broke, and firefighters used explosives.; 2. The destruction of many
buildings

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. drill; 2. schedule, random; 3. track, massive; 4. zone
B. 1. data; 2. laboratory; 3. detect; 4. precise

Viewing: Santorini Volcano

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. Scientists want to learn more about the eruption.

While You Watch

A. All the topics are mentioned in the video except why Ballard and his team were unable to
reach Santorini’s volcano (they did reach it).
B. a. completely buried; b. last eruption was; c. larger; d. hot-water vents
After You Watch
For question 1, the scientists learned that bacteria are living off the Earth’s energy instead of
relying on photosynthesis from the sun. For question 2, the underlying volcano and the tectonic
plates on which it rests are still active, so a future eruption is likely.

Unit 5 – Islands and Beaches

Warm Up

Answer Key:

1 and 2. Answers will vary. 3. People on vacation often seek a real change from everyday life.
Islands, especially isolated and exotic ones, provide places with a slower pace and unspoiled
nature. Moreover, tropical islands have a romantic mystique that appeals to couples.

Lesson 5A – The Perfect Beach

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. c; 2. f; 3. b; 4. d; 5. a; 6. e
B. 1. a travel writer looking for “the perfect beach”; 2. Answers will vary.

Reading Comprehension
1. c; 2. d; 3. d; 4. d; 5. b (line 77); 6. b; 7. b
Reading Skill
A. Beaches in the order Stewart visited: 1. Copacabana, e; 2. Prainha, f; 3. Jericoacoara, c; 4.
Maceió, d; 5. Praia do Leão, b
B. Words in order from top left to bottom right: 1. national; 2. sand, sea, sky; 3. marine; 4.
wildness; 5. warm, honey

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. isolated; 2. ultimate; 3. eager; 4. pursuit; 5. destination
B. 1. prohibited; 2. spoiled; 3. ranked; 4. diverse; 5. magnificent

Lesson 5B – Land of Fire and Ice

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. attraction; 2. lively; 3. impressive
B. 1. 310,000; 2. 100,000; 3. over 1,000;4. four; 5. 22

Reading Comprehension
1. b; 2. b (line 23); 3. b (lines 38–39 and 45–46); 4. d; 5. c (lines 88–91); 6. c (line 94); 7. a

Reading Skill
A. 1. Greenland; 2. Reykjavík; 3. Atlantic
B. From west of Thingvellir above label for Reykjavik in a clockwise circle: d, b, c, a, e, f

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. spectacular; 2. architecture; 3. tension; 4. vehicles; 5. converted; 6. Literally
B. 1. cures; 2. monster; 3. naturally; 4. migrate

Viewing: Pacific Paradise

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. 1. b; 2. b; 3. a
B. 1. Answers will vary. Possibilities include: The weather would be wonderful year-round, and
it would be very relaxing. However, it could get boring, and tropical islands are often hit by
typhoons/hurricanes. 2. fishing or aquaculture, selling things to tourists

While You Watch

A. All four means of earning income are mentioned.
B. 1. isolated; 2. vast; 3. diversity; 4. pursuit; 5. eager

After You Watch

A. Answers will vary.

Unit 6 – Success and Failure

Warm Up

Answer Key:

1 and 2. Answers will vary. An example of a person who has overcome enormous physical
challenges to become one of the world’s leading physicists is Stephen Hawking. 3. Failure can
be useful if people analyze what went wrong and apply their understanding to doing something
better.

Lesson 6A – The Nature of Risk

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. Answers will vary.
B. Answers will vary. Some people enjoy the thrill of taking risks. People who are in a bad
situation may also be willing to take risks out of desperation.

Reading Comprehension
1. a (lines 5–6); 2. c (line 18); 3. a; 4. c (lines 37–38); 5. d; 6. b; 7. a

Reading Skill
A. 1. c; 2. a; 3. b; 4. f; 5. d; 6. e (The meanings are given below in Teaching Notes.)
B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. b
C. Dopamine is compared to gasoline as a fuel and autoreceptors compared to brakes for
control.

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. willing; 2. associated with; 3. minimize; 4. satisfaction; 5. compels
B. 1. associated with; 2. Biological; 3. anxiety;4. compels; 5. adapt; 6. manage

Lesson 6B – The Rewards of Failure

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. Many people regard the expedition as a success because due to Shackleton’s leadership,
everyone survived in extremely difficult circumstances. 2. One example includes J.K. Rowling,
author of the Harry Potter books, who was rejected by 12 publishers before she found
acceptance.
B. The specific things learned from failure will vary with the nature of the particular failure, but
in some cases, the goal needs to be adjusted so that it is more reasonable and likely to succeed.

Reading Comprehension
1. c; 2. d; 3. d (lines 44–49); 4. d (line 70); 5. b (lines 74–76); 6. a; 7. c

Reading Skill
A. 1. Adding: moreover; 2. Contrasting: yet;3. Similarity: likewise; 4. Emphasizing: above all; 5.
Consequence: therefore; 6. Concluding: in short
B. 1. However; 2. Similarly; 3. moreover; 4. Consequently

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. refine; 2. Consequently; 3. persistent;4. reputation; 5. remind; 6. In time
B. 1. move on; 2. community; 3. persistent; 4. refine; 5. reluctant; 6. outcome

Viewing: Savage Mountain

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. 1. Everest; 2. K2; 3. Everest; It is better known, and there are many guide programs.; 4. wild,
violent, and unpredictable

While You Watch

A. 1. T; 2. F (it means “land of the pure”); 3. T;4. F (53 people); 5. F
B. 1. die; 2. best; 3. personality; 4. lucky; 5. step; 6. snow

After You Watch

A. Answers will vary.

Unit 7 – Global Addictions

Warm Up

Answer Key:

Answers will vary. Possibilities include:

1. Sugar, caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, drugs, gambling, shopping, computer games, etc. 2.
Addictions to positive and healthy things like exercise, eating a balanced diet, or work can be
considered OK if not excessive.

Lesson 7A – Caffeine: The World’s Favorite Drug

Answer Key:
Before You Read
A. 1. b; 2. a; 3. c; 4. e; 5. g; 6. d; 7. h; 8. f
B. Answers will vary. Current research indicates that moderate levels of caffeine may have
health benefits although caffeine also might affect sleep negatively.

Reading Comprehension 1. b; 2. d; 3. b; 4. b (paragraph 3); 5. d (lines 41–46); 6. a; 7. a

Reading Skill
A. Pros: physical, ease, memory, heart trouble/abuse; Cons: sleep, mood, sadness, blood
pressure
B. 1. C; 2. C; 3. P; 4. C; 5. P; 6. C or P

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. abusing; 2. depends; 3. Furthermore;4. severe; 5. exhibits
B. 1. a; 2. b; 3. a; 4. a; 5. a

Lesson 7B – Powering the Future

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. Answers will vary. Solar power produces no emissions and is infinitely renewable.
However, some areas receive limited sunlight, and solar power cannot be generated at night.
Moreover, the solar panels are expensive. 2. wind, nuclear, hydroelectric, and tidal power
B. 1. and 2. solar power (Germany), wind power (Europe), and nuclear power (France)

Reading Comprehension
1. a; 2. c; 3. c (lines 17–24); 4. b; 5. c (lines 73–80); 6. a (lines 85–87); 7. a

Reading Skill
A. Answers will vary.
B. Wind only: a; Solar only: b; Nuclear only: d; Wind and Solar: e, f; Solar and Nuclear: none;
Wind and Nuclear: g; All three: c

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. finite; 2.substitute; 3. equivalent; 4. utilize;5. dispose
B. 1. a; 2. b; 3. a; 4. a; 5. a; 6. a

Viewing: Wave Power

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. Clockwise from upper left: 1. (snakes); 4. (paddles); 2. (kites); 3. (fans)
B. 1. pipes; 2. pumps; 3. turbines; 4. tides

While You Watch

A. Power from waves is limitless and holds great promise as an energy source.
B. 1. unlimited; 2. up and down; 3. Waves;4. Portugal; 5. survivable; 6. pump

After You Watch

A. Answers will vary.

Unit 8 – Epic Engineering

Warm Up

Answer Key:

1–3. Answers will vary. Possibilities include: 1. the Three Gorges Dam, the International
Space Station, the Large Hadron Collider, the Chunnel and the tunnel under the Bosporus,
Dubai’s Palm Islands, many skyscrapers such as Taipei 101 and Burj Khalifa, and the world’s
largest telescope being built in Chile’s Atacama Desert. 2. Stonehenge, the Pyramids, Machu
Picchu, Angkor Wat, Borobudur, and the Persian qanat system.

Lesson 8A – China’s Grand Canal

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. It was built between 605 and 611. It is located in eastern China.; 2. Initially it was used to
transport grain from south to north, but it also became a path for trade and for movement of
people and cultural ideas; 3. Beijing in the north and Hangzhou in the south; 4. Today, it is 523
km (325 mi) long, and Jining is its northern terminus.
B. Predictions will vary. Actual answer is: the canal has facilitated north–south movement of
goods, people, and ideas in a country where most of the major rivers run from west to east.

Reading Comprehension
1. b (lines 8–10); 2. d (lines 31–35); 3. b; 4. a;5. d; 6. a (lines 59–65); 7. c

Reading Skill
A. 1. best-known; 2. highway; 3. trademark; 4. lifeline
B. 1. well known; 2. man-made; 3. Without; 4. lifetime; 5. day trip; 6. highlight

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. acquired; 2. economic; 3. original;4. renovation; 5. transported
B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b; 5. a
Lesson 8B – Peru’s Highway of Dreams

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. The highway would provide easier and more affordable transportation for people and
goods. 2. Based on what has happened in other areas in the Amazon Basin, people will move
into a fragile ecosystem and destroy it in order to mine gold, clear-cut lumber, or produce crops
for profit.
B. Paragraphs 1, 3, 4, and 5 address the issues in question 1. The last three paragraphs address
the environmental concerns.

Reading Comprehension
1. a; 2. b (lines 16–27); 3. c; 4. c; 5. c (lines 72–75); 6. a; 7. b

Reading Skill
A. The following should be checked: 2, 5, 6.
B. Help: faster, better, live, jobs; Harm: biodiversity, condition, impact, farming

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. enormous; 2. partially; 3. occurs; 4. impact;5. practical; 6. ruining
B.1. dense; 2. ruined; 3. customers; 4. inaccessible; 5. illustrates

Viewing: Birth of a Rain Forest

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. from top to bottom: 2, 3, 1, 5, 4.

While You Watch

A. stingrays, sharks, turtle, fish, and insects
B. 1. c; 2. b; 3. a

After You Watch

A. Answers will vary.

Unit 9 – Far Out

Warm Up

Answer Key:
1. Answers will vary. Possibilities include: the likelihood of Earth’s inhabitants running out of
resources, the possibility of intelligent life on other planets, and the need to understand more
about the universe. 2. Answers will vary. Possibilities include: humans on the moon,
sophisticated telescopes such as the Hubble, international cooperation in developing and
manning the International Space Station. 3. Humans living outside Earth’s atmosphere have to
find ways to breathe and regulate their body temperatures, in addition to coping with exposure
to radiation, space debris, and lack of gravity.

Lesson 9A – Defying Gravity

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. A pair of astronauts are outside the International Space Station (ISS) doing repairs or
maintenance.; 2. research in many disciplines; 3. Answers will vary. Good parts may include the
views of Earth or the exciting research. Some difficult parts are living in isolation for a
prolonged period and the physical strain of living in space.
B. Ideas in the passage include: the history of walking in space, possible dangers, how
astronauts prepare, and one astronaut’s experience

Reading Comprehension
1. d (lines 12–14); 2. b (lines 20–22); 3. b (lines 30–31); 4. b; 5. c; 6. d (lines 59–60); 7. d (lines
70–77)

Reading Skill
A. 1. took off (line 10); 2. found out (line 12); 3. carried out (line 22); 4. deal with (line 26);5.
come about (line 37); 6. pass out (line 46); 7. grew up (line 58)
B. 1. in; 2. off; 3. with; 4. off; 5. on; 6. up

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. venture; 2. demanding; 3. familiarize;4. floating; 5. Accumulated
B. 1. impressive; 2. pioneer; 3. underscores;4. concerns; 5. venture; 6. Consciousness

Lesson 9B – The Ultimate Trip

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. b; 2. f; 3. c; 4. d; 5. e; 6. a
B. Predictions will vary. The passage discusses the mining of asteroids and the colonization of
Mars.

Reading Comprehension
1. b (lines 1–4); 2. b; 3. c; 4. a; 5. d (paragraph 5); 6. c; 7. c
Reading Skill
A. The following should be checked: 1 and 2.
B. 1. Take, for example, SpaceX, a private company based near Los Angeles. 2. “This is the
beginning of the new space age,” says Mason Peck, who works for NASA, the U.S. space
organization. 3. Entrepreneur Elon Musk, the founder of SpaceX and other companies, is
spending a large part of his fortune on his own space program.

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. capable; 2. decades; 3. precious;4. required; 5. sustain; 6. extremely; 7. backing
B. 1. T; 2. F; 3. T; 4. T; 5. F; 6.

Viewing: Walking in Space

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. 1. F; 2. T; 3. T; 4. F

While You Watch

B. 1. how spacesuits protect astronauts; 2. the first two people who performed spacewalks; 3.
tasks that spacewalkers perform; 4. why spacewalking is difficult work; 5. how spacewalkers
train before going to space

After You Watch

A. Answers will vary. White seems to have really enjoyed the experience more than anything
he’d ever done before. Armstrong thought about how small he felt in the immensity of space.
Yang Liwei was a bit disappointed not to have seen the Great Wall of China from space.
Williams reflected on her role as a representative of humanity.

Unit 10 – All in the Mind

Warm Up

Answer Key:

Answers will vary. Possibilities include: 1. Most people have few memories before age three.; 2.
love, hate, joy or happiness, sadness or sorrow, fear, guilt, surprise, excitement, jealousy,
respect, disappointment; 3. apes such as chimps, monkeys, dolphins, horses, parrots, dogs, and
cats

Lesson 10A – What’s on Your Mind?

Answer Key:
Before You Read
A. 1. self-awareness; 2. emotional; 3. recall;4. Perception
B. A. Who am I?; B. How do I remember?; C. Why do I have emotions?; D. Can I control how I
feel?

Reading Comprehension
1. b; 2. c; 3. c (lines 30–32); 4. d; 5. c (lines 48–53); 6. d (lines 93–94); 7. a (lines 100–107)

Reading Skill
A. a, c, b
B. 1. your mind and your thoughts, lines 7–8; 2. the ability to think about yourself and how
you’re feeling, lines 26–27; 3. a region of your brain just behind your forehead that extends to
about your ears, lines 30–32; 4. a stored pattern of connections between neurons in the brain,
lines 42–43; 5. a cell that is part of the nervous system. Neurons send messages to and from the
brain., footnote 1; 6. the part of the brain that helps form long-term memories, lines 50–52; 7.
fully developed, lines 52–53

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. perspective; 2. transform; 3. vast; 4. underlying; 5. visualize; 6. reinforce
B. 1. flexible; 2. presume; 3. entity; 4. welfare

Lesson 10B – Inside Animal Minds

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. Answers will vary. A common definition of intelligence is “a highly developed ability to
think logically, to understand the world around you, and to learn things quickly.”
B. 1. and 2. grey parrot (words, imitation, counting, zero concept), sheep and elephants (face
recognition), chimpanzees (making and using tools), octopuses (emotions), dog (linking
vocabulary to photographs)

Reading Comprehension
1. b; 2. b; 3. c (lines 29–35); 4. c;5. a (lines 51–52); 6. a; 7. d (final paragraph)

Reading Skill
A. ability = skill; communicate = talk; create = invent; imitate = reproduce; basic = elementary;
show = exhibit; action = behavior; reason = think
B. (general term first, then specific examples) 1. other species, sheep and elephants; 2.
primates, humans and apes; 3. species, humans; 4. forms of intelligence, creativity and
language

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. revealed; 2. mastered; 3. primitive;4. dismiss; 5. acknowledging; 6. extraordinarily
B. 1. master; 2. simulate; 3. pronounce;4. humble; 5. acknowledge; 6. abstract

Viewing: Chimp Memory

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. Students try to remember the positions of numbers in a grid.
B. Answers will vary.

While You Watch

A. 1. recognize; 2. white squares; 3. less; 4. some human children

After You Watch

A. Young chimps do better at some memory tests than humans.
B. 1. and 2. Answers will vary.

Unit 11 – Art and Life

Warm Up

Answer Key:

1. and 2. Answers will vary. 3. Answers will vary. Students will read in the passage about the
psychological effects of different colors.

Lesson 11A – The Power of Color

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. Colors: 1. red; 2. yellow; 3. blue
Answers will vary for feelings associated with each color.
B. 1. Red signals dominance and accelerates the heart rate; 2. Yellow is highly visible, and can
be a stimulant or a caution signal; 3. Blue is neutral and calming, and it inhibits hunger.

Reading Comprehension
1. a; 2. b (lines 14–15); 3. d (lines 29–33); 4. b;5. b (lines 62–64); 6. c; 7. a (lines 80–81)

Reading Skill
A. and B. (10 boxes clockwise from top right, including possible answers for the blank boxes)
associated with sunlight; nature; stimulant; sad or depressed; business, uniforms; color of sky
and sea; prisons; advertising; fire; color of blood
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. bold; 2. extracted; 3. inhibitions; 4. caution; 5. passive
B. 1. neutral; 2. convey; 3. depressed;4. package; 5. aggressive

Lesson 11B – Van Gogh’s World

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. and B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. b; 4. b

Reading Comprehension
1. c (line 12); 2. b; 3. b; 4. a; 5. b; 6. c; 7. d

Reading Skill
A. The order of the events is: 1, 2, 6, 3, 4, 5.
B. The route should consist of the following places, in this order: Zundert, Brussels, Paris,
Arles, St. Rémy, Auvers-sur-Oise.

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. innovative; 2. resisted; 3. classic;4. appreciated; 5. wandering
B.1. a; 2. a; 3. b; 4. a; 5. a

Viewing: Urban Art

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. Answers will vary.
B. 1. Urban; 2. gallery; 3. emerges;4. dimension; 5. Graffiti

While You Watch

A. 1. respects, paint; 2. public, dimension;3. pushing, edge
B. 1. F (it’s a wall in a train tunnel used by graffiti artists); 2. T; 3. F (colors that contrastone
another); 4. T

After You Watch

A. 1. b; 2. b; 3. a

Unit 12 – Medical Challenges

Warm Up
Answer Key:

1. Answers will vary. Possibilities include: malnutrition, unsanitary living conditions (such as air
pollution and contaminated drinking water), and diseases like Ebola, AIDS, the West Nile Virus,
malaria, dengue, and bird flu. 2. transplants, stem cell research, and nanotechnology; 3.
Answers will vary. Possibilities include: MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, a coronavirus
that causes acute respiratory illness with a high fatality rate) or Ebola.

Lesson 12A – A Cure for Cancer?

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. Answers will vary. Possibilities include: deadly diseases such as cancer and heart disease,
infectious viruses, sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS, general poor health and fitness.;
2. Answers will vary. Possibilities include: identifying the human genome, successful
transplants, medications, etc.
B. a

Reading Comprehension
1. b; 2. d (lines 26–27); 3. a; 4. d (lines 81–83);5. d (lines 74–77); 6. b; 7. a (lines 95–97)

Reading Skill
A. 1. line 25; 2. lines 30–31; 3. lines 96–97
B. 1. a (line 25); 2. c (lines 30-31); 3. d (lines 96-97)

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. priority; 2. allocate; 3. inject; 4. multiply; 5. bond; 6. Meanwhile; 7. radical; 8. thoroughly
B. 1. priority; 2. allocate; 3. extensive; 4. insert; 5. meanwhile

Lesson 12B – Deadly Contact

Answer Key:

Before You Read

A. 1. in 2003; 2. Asia; 3. Europe and Central Asia
B. Guesses will vary. Actual answers are: diseases that spread from animals to humans

Reading Comprehension
1. d; 2. b (lines 26–30); 3. d; 4. c; 5. c (line 83); 6. c; 7. c

Reading Skill
A. 1. No; 2. No; 3. Yes; 4. No; 5. No
B. 1. c; 2. d
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. root; 2. transmitted; 3. fever; 4. victims;5. emergency; 6. conservative; 7. incidence
B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b

Viewing: Paraguay Shaman

Answer Key:

Before You Watch

A. 1. a; 2. e; 3. c; 4. d
B. Answers will vary. In Western cultures, some people, such as herbalists, use traditional plants
and medicines instead of products manufactured by pharmaceutical companies.

While You Watch

A. 1. medicinal; 2. forest; 3. wife; 4. tea

After You Watch

A. 1. rain forests; 2. cure; 3. knowledge; 4. high;5. priority; 6. native; 7. bond; 8. plant; 9. cancer;
10. urgent
B. Answers will vary.