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Slides 8

The document discusses code examples for creating threads in C using pthreads on Unix/Linux systems. It shows code for creating a single thread that prints a message. It then demonstrates sharing data between threads using a global variable and passing arguments. Finally, it provides an example of creating multiple threads in a loop. Key concepts covered include synchronous vs asynchronous threads, using pthread_create and pthread_join, and sharing data between threads.

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Manish Choudhary Harnawa
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25 views10 pages

Slides 8

The document discusses code examples for creating threads in C using pthreads on Unix/Linux systems. It shows code for creating a single thread that prints a message. It then demonstrates sharing data between threads using a global variable and passing arguments. Finally, it provides an example of creating multiple threads in a loop. Key concepts covered include synchronous vs asynchronous threads, using pthread_create and pthread_join, and sharing data between threads.

Uploaded by

Manish Choudhary Harnawa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Operating system concepts

Threads & Concurrency-2


Slides Set #8

By Prof K R Chowdhary

JNV University

2023

1/10
Code for Creating a thread in Unix

/* thread.c */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>//Header file for sleep()
#include <pthread.h>
// A normal C function that is executed as a thread
// when its name is specified in pthread_create()
void *myThreadFun(void *vargp){
sleep(1);
printf("Printing from inside of a Thread\n");
return NULL;
}
// main() in next slide

2/10
Code for Creating a thread in Unix....

/* thread.c */
/....
int main(){
pthread_t thread_id;
printf("Before Thread\n");
pthread_create(&thread_id, NULL, myThreadFun, NULL);
pthread_join(thread_id, NULL);
printf("After Thread\n");
exit(0);
}

3/10
Compiling and running a thread program

$ gcc thread.c
$ ./a.out
Before Thread
Printing from inside of a Thread
After Thread

▶ Questions:
- Is this synchronous or asynchronous thread?
- What statement is executed after after thread termination?

4/10
A thread sharing a global data

/* multi_th.c */
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int sum; /* this data is shared by the thread(s) */
void *runner(void *param); /*threads call this function*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
pthread_t tid;
pthread_attr_t attr; /* set of thread attributes */
pthread_attr_init(&attr); /*get default attributes*/
/* create the thread */
pthread_create(&tid, &attr, runner, argv[1]);
...
} // next slide

5/10
A thread sharing a global data....

/* multi_th.c */
....
/* wait for the thread to exit */
pthread_join(tid, NULL);
printf("sum = %d\n", sum);
return 0;
/* The thread will begin control in this function */
void *runner(void *param) {
int i, num=atoi(param);
for (i = 1; i <= num; i++)
sum += i;
pthread_exit(0);
}

6/10
Compiling a running the thread program
We are running the compiled program first with argument value 5
(i.e., argv[1], shown in main() of this program) and then running
with argv[1]= 10. The threads sums integers up to this limit.

$ gcc multi_th.c
$ ./a.out 5
sum = 15
$ ./a.out 10
sum = 55

▶ Questions:
- What is global data here?
- What is thread type here?
- What are argv[1], *param?
- What is *runner?

7/10
Code for Multiple threads creation

/* mthreads.c */
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define NUM_THREADS 5
void *printhello(void *threadid){
long tid;
tid = (long)threadid;
printf("Hello World! Thread ID, %ld\n", tid);
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
// main() in next...

8/10
Code for Multiple threads creation....

/* mthreads.c */
//....
int main () {
pthread_t threads[NUM_THREADS];
long i;
for( i = 0; i < NUM_THREADS; i++ ) {
printf("main() : creating thread %ld\n", i);
pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, printhello,
(void *)i);
}
pthread_exit(NULL);
}

9/10
Running the thread code

$ ./a.out
main() : creating thread 0
main() : creating thread 1
Hello World! Thread ID, 0
main() : creating thread 2
Hello World! Thread ID, 1
main() : creating thread 3
Hello World! Thread ID, 2
main() : creating thread 4
Hello World! Thread ID, 3
Hello World! Thread ID, 4

▶ Questions:
- What is (long)threadid?
- Is there any global shared variable?

10/10

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