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Sheet 3 Hydrostatic Forces On Submerged Surfaces

This document contains 13 multi-part fluid mechanics problems involving hydrostatic forces on submerged bodies. The problems calculate things like the resultant force on gates of various shapes submerged in water, the minimum pressures needed to open hinged gates, tensions in cables supporting submerged containers, and the rise in liquid level when an object of a different density is floated in it. Solutions involve applying principles of pressure, buoyancy, centers of gravity, and hydrostatic force distributions.

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Mohamed Ezz
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354 views5 pages

Sheet 3 Hydrostatic Forces On Submerged Surfaces

This document contains 13 multi-part fluid mechanics problems involving hydrostatic forces on submerged bodies. The problems calculate things like the resultant force on gates of various shapes submerged in water, the minimum pressures needed to open hinged gates, tensions in cables supporting submerged containers, and the rise in liquid level when an object of a different density is floated in it. Solutions involve applying principles of pressure, buoyancy, centers of gravity, and hydrostatic force distributions.

Uploaded by

Mohamed Ezz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Institute Of Aviation Year: 2021/ 2022

Engineering & Technology Second Year - 1st Term


Mechanical Engineering Fluid Mechanics (MPE 202)
Department Sheet (3) hydrostatic forces on submerged body

(1) The 4-m-diameter circular gate of the shown figure


is located in the inclined wall of a large reservoir
containing water (𝛾 = 9.8 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3 ) the gate is mounted
on a shaft along its horizontal diameter, and the water
depth is 10 m above the shaft.

Determine

a) The magnitude and location of the resultant force


exerted by the water on the gate.

b) The moment that would have to be applied to the


shaft to Open the gate.

(2) A structure is attached to the ocean floor as shown in the Figure. A 2𝑚 diameter
hatch is located in an inclined wall and hinged on one edge. Determine the minimum
air pressure 𝑝1, within the container that will open the hatch. Neglect the weight of the
hatch and friction in the hinge.
(3) The flow of water from a reservoir is
controlled by a 1.5 𝑚 wide L-shaped gate
hinged at point 𝐴, as shown in the figure. If
it is desired that the gate open when the
water height is 3.6 m, determine the mass of
the required weight 𝑊.

(4) Determine the minimum Air pressure 𝑃1


required to hold the gate closed on this
emergency dumb system.

(5) A gate having the cross section shown in the figure


closes an opening 1.5 𝑚 wide and 1.2 𝑚 high in a water
reservoir. The gate weighs 2200 𝑁 and its center of
gravity is 0.3 𝑚 to the left of AC and 0.6 𝑚 above BC.
Determine the horizontal reaction that is developed on
the gate at C.
(6) Determine the magnitude and line of action of the
resultant force that the water exerts on a 1-m length
of the curved section AB of the conduit wall.

(7) A 4-m-long quarter-circular gate of radius 3 m and


of negligible weight is hinged about its upper edge A,
as shown in the figure. The gate controls the flow of
water over the ledge at B, where the gate is pressed by
a spring. Determine the minimum spring force
required to keep the gate closed when the water level
rises to A at the upper edge of the gate.
(8) Consider a two-dimensional hinged
cylindrical gate of radius R and width w into
the page. The cylinder is resting at ground
level with one quarter of its circumference
submerged in water as in the figure. The
depth of water is h. Let h =5 m, R = 0.5 m ,
w=1 m , g = 9.807 m/s2, and ρ=998.3
kg/m3.

Calculate the force F acting on the cylinder.

(9) Determine the magnitude and line of action of the


resultant force that the water exerts on a 3-m length of
the curved section ABC of the conduit wall
(10) Two hemispherical shells are bolted together as
shown to form a spherical container, which has empty
weight 180 kg, is filled with mercury and supported by a
cable as shown. The container is vented at the top. If eight
bolts are symmetrically located around the
circumference,
Calculate
1. The vertical force that each bolt carries.
2. The tension in the cable if the spherical container
is completely immersed in water.

(11) Scientific balloons operating at pressure equilibrium with the


surroundings have been used to lift instrument packages to
extremely high altitudes. One such balloon, filled with helium
(RHe=2078.5J/kg.K), has a diameter of 120 m, lifted a payload of
1000 kg. If the helium used in the balloon is in thermal equilibrium
with the ambient air at T= -2.5 °C.
Determine the pressure to which the balloon would rise.

(12) Two gates of negligible weight are used to hold back water in a channel of width
b as shown in figure. Determine:
1. The force, F of the gate against the block for gate (a).
2. The force, F of the gate against the block for gate (b).
3. Is the force against the block for the gate (b) greater or smaller than gate (a)
(explain)?
(13) A tank of cross-sectional area A1 is
filled with a liquid of specific weight γ1
as shown in figure (a). Show that when
a cylinder of specific weight γ2, cross-
sectional area A2 and volume V is floated
in the liquid figure (b), the liquid level
rises by an amount

Δh = (γ2/ γ1) V/ A1

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