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Here are the steps to find the improper integral of a function: 1. Determine if the integral is improper by checking for discontinuities at the limits of integration (endpoints or infinity). An improper integral occurs if the integrand is discontinuous or unbounded at one or both limits. 2. Break the integral into proper pieces by splitting at the points of discontinuity or infinity. For example, an integral from 0 to infinity would be broken into an integral from 0 to R and an integral from R to infinity, where R is some finite number. 3. Evaluate each proper piece. Integrals over finite intervals are evaluated using standard integration techniques. 4. Take the limit as R approaches the limit of the whole

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Niraj Pandey
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30 views29 pages

Math Work

Here are the steps to find the improper integral of a function: 1. Determine if the integral is improper by checking for discontinuities at the limits of integration (endpoints or infinity). An improper integral occurs if the integrand is discontinuous or unbounded at one or both limits. 2. Break the integral into proper pieces by splitting at the points of discontinuity or infinity. For example, an integral from 0 to infinity would be broken into an integral from 0 to R and an integral from R to infinity, where R is some finite number. 3. Evaluate each proper piece. Integrals over finite intervals are evaluated using standard integration techniques. 4. Take the limit as R approaches the limit of the whole

Uploaded by

Niraj Pandey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CERTIFICATE FROM THE SUPERVISOR

This is to certify that the Project Report entitled “Mathematica” is an academic work done by
“Niraj Pandey” submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor in Computer Application (BCA) at “Danfe College” under my guidance and
supervision. To the best of my knowledge, the work performed by him is his own creation

Signature of supervisor

Name :

Designation :

Date :
VIVA-VOCE SHEET
We have conducted the viva –voce of the report presented By

Niraj pandey

Entitled: Mathematica
and found the report to be the original work of the student and written accordingto the
prescribed format. We recommend the report to be accepted as partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the degree of Bachelor in Computer Application (BCA)

Viva-Voce Committee

Member (Report Supervisor :

Member (External Expert) :


DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the work reported in this report entitled “Mathematica” submitted to
Office of the Dean, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, Tribhuvan University, is my
original work done in the form of partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
Bachelors in Computer Application (BCA) under the supervision of Mr. “Bhawananda
Chaudhary” of Bridge Water International College, T.U.

Name: Niraj pandey


Danfe College

Roll No : 92002115

T.U. Regd. No: 6-2-920-14-2022


Acknowledgement
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my Mathematics
teacher “Mr. Bhawananda Chaudhary” for his ableguidance and support
in completing my project.

I would also like to extend my gratitude to the Academic


Director “Bijay Misra ” for providing me all the facilitythat was
required.
Secondly, I would also like to thank my friends who helped me a lot in
finalizing this project within the limited timeframe.
Table of Contents

Introduction of Mathematica ............................................................................. 1


Features of Mathematica....................................................................................................... 1
Simple Arithmetic of Mathematica ........................................................................................ 1
Exercises of Mathematica
Basic Calculations ................................................................................................................... 3
Functions ................................................................................................................................ 3
Graphs .................................................................................................................................... 7
Conic Section ........................................................................................................................ 11
Introduction of Mathematica
Mathematica is a symbolic mathematical computation program, sometimes called a
computeralgebra program used in many scientific, engineering, mathematical and computing
fields. It was conceived by Stephen Wolfram and is developed by Wolfram Research of
Champaign, Illinois. The Wolfram Language is the programming language used in
Mathematica.

Features of Wolfram Mathematica


 Libraries of Mathematical Elementary function and specific function.
 Support for complex number.
 Matrix and Data Manipulation tools including support for sparse arrays.
 2D and 3D data, function & geo visualization and animation tools.
 Supporting procedural, functional, object-oriented construes and parallel programming.
 Linear and Non-linear control system libraries.

Simple Arithmetic
Basic Operators
^ Power
* Multiply
/ Divide
+ Add
- Subtract

The basic Mathematical operators are as shown below.

Multiplication
You can’t have to use * to multiply two numbers. As in normal algebra, objects next to each
other signify multiplication. However, in most cases you will need to put in a space to make it
clear what you mean.

Expression Meaning Comment


AB A*B Multiply A by B
AB AB A single variable called AB
23 2×3 The cross is automatically inserted between numbers
2A 2*A Multiply A by 2
A2 A2 A single variable called A2
Bracket
(term) Parentheses for grouping
F[x] Square brackets for function
{a,b,c} Curly bracket for list
A[[i]] Double brackets for indexing (Part[a,i])

Some Mathematical Functions


Sqrt[x] √𝑥
Exp[x] 𝑒𝑥
Log[x] Log𝑒𝑥
Log[a,x] Loga𝑥
Sin[x], Cos[x], Tan[x] sin x, cos x, tan x
Abs[x] |x|, absolute value
Mod[m,n] m modulo n
Pi π
E e

Relational and Logical Operations


x == y Equal
x! = y or x ≠ y Unequal
x>y Greater than
x > = y or x ≥ y Greater than or equal to
x<y Less than
x < = y or x ≤ y Less than or equal to
.

Practical Set – 1

1. Evaluate the following problems by using Mathematical


Software‘MATHEMATICA’.
Practical Set – 2
Find the one sides limit by using
MATHEMATICA.From the Left Hand Limit
From the Right Hand Limit
Practical Set-3

Find the Derivative of following function by using Mathematica:


Find Deivative of :

3.
Find the derivative of

Find the derivative of


Find the derivative of sinx with respect to cos x.
Practical Set-4
Find the Maximum and Minimum of the function
A man who has 144m of fencing material wishes to enclose a rectangular garden.
Find the maximum area he can enclose.
Let x be the length and y e thee breadth of the garden.
From question,
Perimeter of garden = 144m
Or, 2(x+y)=144
Or, x+y=52
Or,y=52-x
Now,
Area of garden = x*y
Or, A= x*(52-x)
Or, A=52- x2 …………..(i)

For Maximum area

Y=52-x=52-26=26
So, Maximum area = 676 at length = 26 and breadth =26
Practical Set-5

Plot the graphs of:


Find the aniti-derivative of the following functions.
Define integral.
Improper integral

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