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Internet and WWW

The internet is a globally connected network of private, public, business, academic and government networks that transmits data via various wired and wireless technologies. It originated from ARPANET, a network funded by the US Department of Defense. Key developments included TCP/IP protocols and the invention of the World Wide Web by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990. The World Wide Web is a system that allows documents and resources to be identified by URLs and linked through hyperlinks, and is accessible via the internet using web browsers. It popularized the internet among the public and enabled access to vast information online. The internet and web are often confused but are different - the internet is the global network infrastructure while the web is one application that operates over

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28 views2 pages

Internet and WWW

The internet is a globally connected network of private, public, business, academic and government networks that transmits data via various wired and wireless technologies. It originated from ARPANET, a network funded by the US Department of Defense. Key developments included TCP/IP protocols and the invention of the World Wide Web by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990. The World Wide Web is a system that allows documents and resources to be identified by URLs and linked through hyperlinks, and is accessible via the internet using web browsers. It popularized the internet among the public and enabled access to vast information online. The internet and web are often confused but are different - the internet is the global network infrastructure while the web is one application that operates over

Uploaded by

righarigha
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Internet & World Wide Web

The internet is a globally connected network system that transmit data via various types
of media. The internet is a network of global exchanges – including private, public, business,
academic and government networks – connected by guided, wireless and fiber-optic
technologies.
The terms internet and World Wide Web are often used interchangeably, but they are not
exactly the same thing; the internet refers to the global communication system, including
hardware and infrastructure, while the web is one of the services communicated over the internet.
Billions of internet users rely on multiple application and networking technologies, including:
Internet Protocol (IP): The internet’s primary component and communications backbone.
Because the internet is comprised of hardware and software layers, the IP communication
standard is used to address schemes and identify unique connected devices. Prominent IP
versions used for communications include Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and Internet
Protocol version 6 (IPv6).
Communications: The internet is the most cost-effective communications method in the world, in
which the following services are instantly available:

 Email
 Web-enabled audio/video conferencing services
 Online movies and gaming
 Data transfer/file-sharing
 Instant messaging
 Social networking
 Online shopping
 Financial services

History of Internet
The first workable prototype of the Internet came in the late 1960s with the creation of
ARPANET, or the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. Originally funded by the U.S.
Department of Defense, ARPANET used packet switching to allow multiple computers to
communicate on a single network. The technology continued to grow in the 1970s after scientists
Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf developed Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol, or
TCP/IP, a communications model that set standards for how data could be transmitted between
multiple networks. ARPANET adopted TCP/IP on January 1, 1983, and from there researchers
began to assemble the “network of networks” that became the modern Internet. The online world
then took on a more recognizable form in 1990, when computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee
invented the World Wide Web. While it’s often confused with the Internet itself, the web is
actually just the most common means of accessing data online in the form of websites and
hyperlinks. The web helped popularize the Internet among the public, and served as a crucial
step in developing the vast trove of information that most of us now access on a daily basis.

World Wide Web


The World Wide Web (WWW), commonly known as the Web, is an information system where
documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs, such
as https://www.example.com/), which may be interlinked by hypertext, and are accessible over
the Internet. The resources of the WWW may be accessed by users by a software
application called a web browser. English scientist Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide
Web in 1989. He wrote the first web browser in 1990 while employed at The European
Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) near Geneva, Switzerland. The browser was released
outside CERN in 1991, first to other research institutions starting in January 1991 and then to the
general public in August 1991. The World Wide Web has been central to the development of
the Information Age and is the primary tool billions of people use to interact on the Internet.
Web resources may be any type of downloaded media, but web pages are hypertext media that
have been formatted in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). Such formatting allows for
embedded hyperlinks that contain URLs and permit users to navigate to other web resources. In
addition to text, web pages may contain images, video, audio, and software components that
are rendered in the user's web browser as coherent pages of multimedia content. The
terms Internet and World Wide Web are often used without much distinction. However, the two
terms do not mean the same thing. The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer
networks. In contrast, the World Wide Web is a global collection of documents and
other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URIs.

HTML
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for documents
designed to be displayed in a web browser. It can be assisted by technologies such
as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and scripting languages such as JavaScript. Web
browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or from local storage and render the
documents into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the structure of a web
page semantically and originally included cues for the appearance of the document. In
1980, physicist Tim Berners-Lee, a contractor at CERN, proposed and prototyped ENQUIRE, a
system for CERN researchers to use and share documents. The first publicly available
description of HTML was a document called "HTML Tags", first mentioned on the Internet by
Tim Berners-Lee in late 1991.
IP address
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device
connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.[1][2] An IP
address serves two main functions: host or network interface identification and
location addressing. Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) defines an IP address as a 32-
bit number.[2] However, because of the growth of the Internet and the depletion of available IPv4
addresses, a new version of IP (IPv6), using 128 bits for the IP address, was developed in
1995,[3] and standardized in December 1998.[4] In July 2017, a final definition of the protocol
was published. IP addresses are usually written and displayed in human-readable notations, such
as 172.16.254.1 in IPv4, and 2001:db8:0:1234:0:567:8:1 in IPv6.

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