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Accident Detection Using Machine Learning Method

Contact us for project abstract, enquiry, explanation, code, execution, documentation. Phone/Whatsap : 9573388833 Email : [email protected] Website : https://dcs.datapro.in/contact-us-2 Tags: btech, mtech, final year project, datapro, machine learning, cyber security, cloud computing, blockchain,

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dataprodcs
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© © All Rights Reserved
41 views

Accident Detection Using Machine Learning Method

Contact us for project abstract, enquiry, explanation, code, execution, documentation. Phone/Whatsap : 9573388833 Email : [email protected] Website : https://dcs.datapro.in/contact-us-2 Tags: btech, mtech, final year project, datapro, machine learning, cyber security, cloud computing, blockchain,

Uploaded by

dataprodcs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
CHAPTER NO TITLE
NO
ABSTRACT 3
LIST OF FIGURES 7
LIST OF TABLES 6
1 INTRODUCTION 8
1.1 Technologies used 9
1.1.1 Machine Learning 9
1.2 Importance of Machine learning 10
1.3 Machine learning process 10
1.4 Types.of Machine Learning 12
1.5 Supervised Machine Learning 12
1.6 Unsupervised Machine Learning 13

1.7 Reinforcement Machine Learning 13

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 15
2.1 Incident detection algorithm 15
2.2 Design of a system solution for relative
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positioning
2.3 Vehicle - to - Vehicle safety messaging in
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DSRC
2.4 Integrating dead reckoning,map matching and
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GPS positioning
2.5 Challange for localisation-based Systems 19
3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 20

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3.1 Existing system 20
3.2 Proposed system 20
3.3 Working 21
3.4 Module Description 21

3.4.1 Data cleaning and Data Preprocessing 22

3.4.2 Data cleaning 23


3.4.3 Data visualization 23
4 METHODOLOGY FLOW 24
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4.1 System architecture
4.2 Input images 24
4.2.1 Accident dataset creation

4.2.2 Working
4.3 Disadvantages of Existing System
25

4.4 Advantages of Proposed System 26

4.5 Applications 26

5 TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES 27


5.1 Python 28
5.2 Pycharm 29
5.3 Software code 39

6 RESULTS 40

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6.1 Final results 43
7 CONCLUSION 44
7.1 Conclusion 44
7.2 Future work 44
7.3 Scope of further study 44
8 REFERENCES 46

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO TITLE PAGE NO

1.1 Machine Learning process 10

1.2 Types of machine learning 12

4.1 System architecture 24

5.1 Software code and deployment 29

6.1 Accident occurred 40

6.2 Accident will happen 41

6.3 Accident occurred 42

6.4 No of accident occurred 43

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

The problem of deaths and injuries as a result of accidents is to be a global


phenomenon. Traffic safety has been a serious concern since the start of the
automobile age, almost one hundred years ago.It has been estimated that over
300,000 persons die and 10 to 15 million persons are injured every year in road
accidents throughout the world.Statistics have also shown that mortality in road
accidents is very high among young adults that constitute the major part of the
work force. In order to overcome this problem, there is need of various has road
safety strategies and measure.Losses in road accidents are unbearable, to the
society as well as a developing country like us. So, it has become an essential
requirement to control and arrange traffic with an advanced system to decrease
the number of road accidents in our country. By taking simple precautions, based
on prediction of a sophisticated system may prevent traffic accidents. Moreover, to
tackle this situation where every day so many people were killed in a traffic
accident. and day by day this rate is getting increased.

1.1 TECHNOLOGIES USED:

To implement this project we have used Machine learning


1.1.1 Machine Learning

Machine Learning (ML) is coming into its own, with a growing recognition that
ML can play a key role in a wide range of critical applications, such as data
mining, natural language processing, image recognition, and expert systems.

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" A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some task
T and some performance measure P, if its performance on T, as measured by P,
improves with experience E.”

1.2 Importance of Machine Learning

Machine learning is important because it gives enterprises a view of trends


in customer behaviour and business operational patterns, as well as supports
the development of new products. Many of today's leading companies, such
as Facebook, Google and Uber, make machine learning a central part of their
operations.

1.3 Machine Learning Process

Machine learning workflow refers to the series of stages or steps involved in the
process of building a successful machine learning system.
The various stages involved in the machine learning workflow are-

Figure 1.1 Machine Learning Process

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Figure 1.2 Machine Learning Process
Data Collection- In this stage,

Data is collected from different sources.The type of data collected depends upon the type
of desired project.Data may be collected from various sources such as files, databases
etc.The quality and quantity of gathered data directly affects the accuracy of the desired
system.

Data Preparation- In this stage,


Data preparation is done to clean the raw data.Data collected from the real world is
transformed to a clean dataset.
Raw data may contain missing values, inconsistent values, duplicate instances etc.So, raw
data cannot be directly used for building a model.
Choosing Learning Algorithm- In this stage,
The best performing learning algorithm is researched.It depends upon the type of problem
that needs to solved and the type of data we have.If the problem is to classify and the data
is labeled, classification algorithms are used.
If the problem is to perform a regression task and the data is labeled, regression algorithms
are used.
If the problem is to create clusters and the data is unlabeled, clustering algorithms are
used.
Training Model- In this stage,
The model is trained to improve its ability.The dataset is divided into training dataset and
testing dataset.
The training and testing split is order of 80/20 or 70/30.It also depends upon the size of the
dataset.Training dataset is used for training purpose.Testing dataset is used for the testing
purpose.

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1.4Types of Machine Learning

There are 3 types of Machine Learning


1. Supervised Machine Learning
2. Unsupervised Machine Learning
3. Reinforcement Machine Learning

Figure 1.2 Types of Machine Learning

1.5 Supervised Machine Learning :


Supervised machine learning is based on supervision. It means in the supervised
learning technique, we train the machines using the "labelled" dataset, and based on
the training, the machine predicts the output. Here, the labelled data specifies that
some of the inputs are already mapped to the output. More preciously, we can say;
first, we train the machine with the input and corresponding output, and then we ask
the machine to predict the output using the test dataset.
Supervised machine learning can be classified into two types of problems, which are
given below:
a) Classification : Classification algorithms are used to solve the classification
problems in which the output variable is categorical, such as "Yes" or No,
Male or Female, Red or Blue, etc

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b) Regression : Regression algorithms are used to solve regression problems in
which there is a linear relationship between input and output variables. These
are used to predict continuous output variables, such as market trends,
weather prediction, etc.

1.6 Unsupervised Machine Learning :


In unsupervised learning, the models are trained with the data that is neither
classified nor labelled, and the model acts on that data without any supervision.
The main aim of the unsupervised learning algorithm is to group or categories the
unsorted dataset according to the similarities, patterns, and differences.
Unsupervised Learning can be further classified into two types, which are given
below:
a) Clustering : The clustering technique is used when we want to find the
inherent groups from the data. It is a way to group the objects into a cluster
such that the objects with the most similarities remain in one group and have
fewer or no similarities with the objects of other groups.
b) Association : Association rule learning is an unsupervised learning technique,
which finds interesting relations among variables within a large dataset. The
main aim of this learning algorithm is to find the dependency of one data item
on another data item and map those variables accordingly so that it can
generate maximum profit.

1.7 Reinforcement Machine Learning :


Reinforcement learning works on a feedback-based process, in which an AI agent
(A software component) automatically explore its surrounding by hitting & trail,

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taking action, learning from experiences, and improving its performance.
Reinforcement learning is categorized mainly into two types of methods/algorithms:

a) Positive Reinforcement Learning: Positive reinforcement learning specifies


increasing the tendency that the required behaviour would occur again by
adding something. It enhances the strength of the behaviour of the agent and
positively impacts it.
b) Negative Reinforcement Learning: Negative reinforcement learning works
exactly opposite to the positive RL. It increases the tendency that the specific
behaviour would occur again by avoiding the negative condition

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