Work Energy and power

scalar product of two vectors Dot prod.net

The final result will be

It 1É ABoso
a number scalar
70 FB

properties
o

commutative 1.13 B At
Distributive A 15 1 1.13 AI
3 At A A x A x we0 A

4 A KB K AYE
5 KE KB K A13

special cases

Il if 0 00
É
ÉÉ AB MO AB Max Val

1 if 0 900 1B
I II É A B cos90 0
I
II if 0 1800

At 13 A B Cos180 AB minvalue

M j j K K I 0

I I j j É É 1

Dot product using Cartesian coordinates

if At And Ay j t Azk
Bt Bad By j t Bak

AB AnBn AyBy AzBz

Workdone by a force

Case I constant force

F
Mino

it 5
 Work Faso XS FS000 É

Unit Joules 15 1Nm

if I Fait Fy gt Fak
5 nitty j tak
W Fan Fy y EZ

case 2 variable force

W
f F di where d5 dnitdyjtdzÉ

if Forte is only along x axis W ft di

 Types of wo.tk

i if O 900 work t

if O 900 worked

if 0 90 work o

work
I

work f
I
AS
i

F Work O
h 100N

É r
psoas
so
Gosinzo

N t 600530 100

É N 100

100
6

45
13
55
WD by 100N 0 1
1
o
wi ax
we by n
3005
Wi by fp 1
MNXS
2 55 10
55 10 1105
4 1
Total work 300 110 1905
1

Area of Force displacement graph workdone

 Work done spring fore
by

add kn variable force

Fs
In
F
postomfm Wsp
f F dot
is fknda cos180
f
K ni
Wsp
Y
Wsp
IK NE Ni

if Ni O
Nf N Wsp
I kn

if n o ie spring at its natural length

and Nz N

Wsp fkn
Gn calculate work done
by tension on both blocks if distance
travelled is L

F
I i i

EFI
Ans WD Txt

Total WP 0
1
FIT we
y

n calculate work done by tension on bob

1 is
37 0

o
s
v2
n Find WD by Tension if elevator moved
up by distance h

T mg
my
49 JIM
TI 4 T 3mg

Wt by T TX s
3m18
I

Qn Find work done by normal reaction

is i ftp.d
i s i ie i s s

THIN we Ndp
Total WD p

WD
My
 L

work done by friction

case 1 Work done by static friction

tt t
WD by friction no displacement to point
L
of appliiation of fores

d Ttm AM F

d
d
f e
p
ts
WD by f
Ed WD by f tfs xdy
Total WD 0
1
case 2 WD by kinetic friction
by Fk fax

f
II fit lunged

if workdone is positive

system 8 surroundings

if work done is negative

system Is surroundings
 oat
5 01 j
3 t 4k

W f Fdn
3a

I foka 1 da
O

to Ya N
W fo gag 3a fo 3g

3toa
 Wsp 21km2

Wo take p

W
LK NE Ni

1kcal er
X 3
Ike
3Wok
 Mechanical kinetic energy potential energy
energy

kinetic energy

KE scalar
1mV I'm
unit J

KE depends on frame of reference

KE is always positive

KE is valid irrespective of how body gains velocity

1mV
LE
KE KE
IF j
P

dy at
parabola

o YP

According to work energy theorem

Wtotal AKE
 Timmy
EH
Wtotal AK

Wsp Kf Ki

I kn Im y Imv2
k 3
2
W Bk

Kf Ki
ImHdl Imf

mid
Conservative forie
B
in path 2

Fifa tire
Then
iii

if É is conservative then

Fy
A roundtrip
workdone in a

ft di
closed path

o
0

or

closed path

Ex gravitational force spring force electrostaticfore

Nonconservative force

B work done in path I t 7,9

1
Eisn

I
Then on onservative
path 2

if É is non conservative

work done in a closed path 0

roundtrip
or

closed yah Woon Fscoso

Wnonson Fdcoso

Potential energy v3

Energy associated with position configuration of a partite

in a system
 potential energy is only associated with conservative forces

Gravitational potential
energy

Assuming surface of earth has zero potential energy reference

level

T u mga
11
m

1107 DU Up Va mg h hi mgh

DU Mgh

Work done by friction cannot affect potential energy

by gravity mga
Kon

ift Vi Va mgldth Up mgd Uf

Mgd mg dta
Uf Vi
Weon DU AV mga
DU Woon
 Elastic potential energy of a spring

N OCR.LT Neon BU

Ik Wsp Uf U

t.fi mfIM EKEnE n7 ve vis

Uf Vi Ik NE ai
if ni o Vi O

Nf N Uf V U kn
 conditions for stable and unstable cap

du do Fdi

F do Aits in the direction of decrease

I in PE

conservative force negative gradient of potential

energy
rate of deiriase of
in 3 D PET

É
5,1 4,1 311
 For equilibrium F O

ie F day 0

Stable Egb
Egb at point of minimum potential energy

E
Unstable egb Egp at point of max potential energy

so
9

neutral Egb no change of potential energy

H H
change in potential energy b w any two points is defined

as work done by conservative force in displacing a

particle b w these two points without any change in KE

if not mentioned Then particle is always starting from infinity

where potential is assumed as zero
U o

HP LP
fÉ
HPI
dat
 Conservation of mechanical
energy

if Fronion O

DU Woon 11

DK Woon 127

a But DK O
B u K O
Utk constant

Vitti Uft Kf

Total mechanical energy of a system is conserved

if the
forces doing work on it are conservative

Method
mgoso

Atua Katv

VI g
III h Ot Hgh
Into
Be V Ight
Method 2

Mgsinoxl
Inv o

gxfxx I right
 Energy diagram

N O N A
At n o meanposition

10 0 1 Km IM Vmax
many
in E Ktv
E Kmax
At n A ext position

KO Uma
IKA I E Vmax E Ktv kmax Vmax

at

U
i
I
i
i
tak
00
N A N O Ia N
 F slope
i dy
stable Edb
Fa O

LFF
A
ooo
F

E
Ot unstableEd

Ot stable Eqb

in F 0 leftwards

Fe 20 rightwards
special cases

I
f am find 0
for bodies U mgham
L
g
U my

2 work done in pulling the hanging part into table

My
Total length L

WF MA ooq.li
Iq42
Ing
g
Wg We Kf Ki
WF
WE2mg12 mpg
3 1119 Block is slowly released to Egbposition
p g
mg kn m

It
my

mg

4 Block is suddenly released

1 is is KatVA KatUB
O 0 0
Mgh 1 kn
2 0 A
No
g 2111
extreme 1 0 RL B
position

F o
day
0 2am Bbn
44
N 29 365 0

N O 2 2936
29 Gbm
If
At 2 0 DI 2A 0 stable Egb
 qb
Taz
At N 29 65 2920 to unstableEg
2,1 44 21,3

KatVA K UB
0 0 Impt 4 6

Imf 211
 t.it oÉ d I
m
MEI
my g KE
dwext do Yall
Extder do

Jd
II du
VA
Kxf Va Va

U
K O
TE ke PU I I
od 0
o
EY Ey y 41
 i
Otmgs 30 0
i
I
Hgs 4xmgh
B K 3D

K 30
Mtv 3xmgxsq

v
Fgs
 vertical circular motion

T mgaso
0 my
l V TV Tamgarotmf
qq.gg
a P Tension at anypoint

At A 0 00
a
É mgaso
mgsino
TA MG MYA
At B 0 1800

Max
T mg mya Min

Kp Up KATVA
V

Imitmgh Imu to

BL j g
in
It gh
L
h l 1 Cost V2 n agh
velocityat anypoint
in order to complete the vertical circular motion

Tmin 0

TB 30
mg my o
my mg

B min Fl V Te
V W 2gh V15 W 2gal gl
min Bg

Arg
B

Yj
k

man mfs
Just complete N O Ng my Ve Frg
KatVA ABTUB

Ot Hgh
In Rgt myER
h 3 1 541
1 212
5,1
 Ot Mgl 21mV3tMgx2R

FR gl 2gR
e VB
YI
B
14 1,2 29 1 212 1
p V13 GR

29 1 212 912

21 4127 R
217513
217551 h
21751 5h
59731
h
 Power P

is
Power is defined as time rate at which work is done

for energy transferred

Augpower Pav
11 1 É
instantaneous power P dy
dt

P 1 I I
day 17
P É I scalar
unit watt

Efficiency
2 Ppf
x 100

Look

slope Power
dy LIK

time
Area under Power time graph Pxt work
yxn

D FV
Po MA V

MI
fpodt fmudr
ds a t
It Poxt MY
Ids aft dt Pat
s a 1312 sat v ath
I
 njdpft

gg

P Favcos90 0
1
Pf FtV coso
M V
dy X
M K x Kt
MII
collisions

collision in one dimension Headon collision

Before collision Duringcollision After collision

100J 1205 30J
80J
521 512

m mt mt m
U U2 V2 V

As there is no external force acting on the system B satconstant

F sim f slm
Min Matt Mit Matz fi

coefficient of restitution

it is used to represent nature of collision bw 2 objects

e Ta ti a
Fit
if e l elastic collision
if e o perfectly inelastic collision

if o eat inelastic collision

inelastic collision e if
if there is loss of kinetic energy we call it inelastic collision

Miu ME ME Mata 11

solving it and 14

I impigaintiimi
Pj Ma empt t mini
Mma Mithe
 Loss of kinetic energy

BK Hilson Kasim
sym

Immittmani Inivittmar
Bk
I Bffm lui na fi ed

Elastic collision e D
in elastic collision there is no energy loss

Min t Matt MTV Mat Dk Ki Kf 0

V Bi mann
MitMz

V2 MaMIU 12min
I
 e Ta ri I I I y
Fa
I I Relative velocity of approach
v5 I Relative velocity of separation

special cases

I if Mi Mz V U V2 U

long 10kg King 10kg

5m15 Is amp 5Mt

before collision after collision

2 if my me and my at rest light body at rest

V1 U V2 24

1000kg
1kg 1000kg 1kg
5Ms oms 5ms
noms

before collision after collision

3 if M ma and m at rest heavier body at rest
V1 U 12 42
1kg 1000kg 1kg 1000kg

2Mt OMI Oms

2ms
before collision after collision

kinetic energy transfer to rest elastic

body
at collision

I y o
M
v Va

fractional loss of ke for mi

Bf Emmitt
Perfectly inelastic collision e o

particles will stick to eachother and more as a combined particle

after collision
MitMz
Il mga V

before collision
Iftercollision

mini mat hitman F

F min mat
Mi M2

Loss of ke
I muffin u us same direction

I muffin with opposite direction

 collision with ground fixed surfai

Velocity after nth rebound Un e to

height after nth rebound hn é ho
total distance travelled before stopping
hot2h 2hat

hof e

Total time taken by ball to stop

if yo
 Oblique collision glancing collision

V2
y
I U2
E's
pb
No
I impart parang Line ofimpact
JV

PI PI X direction Mill Man Minaso Matzos02 111

Y direction 0 to minsino t Masino 41

if collision is elastic hi Kf

tmivitzm.VE EmmittMUI H

solve equations to find required quantity

special case if mem and 42 0

01 02 98
Elastic collision Pi Pf
ki Kf

inelastic collision Pi Pf
E V2 V
F U2
inelastic collision with fixed surface

Pi Pf direction 1 to line of impact

e

III
in the direction of line ofimpact
 p
p
Invite Hui
V1 2,0414 4
41
renren.im
Imfmt
10 e
ayy y

o
11th Katv
AM I I o Mgh IMU to
1
i n

11
B ni.net.in
magny
M
Bto C ctof
 IMMv40 Mingyto
May Mita gym
y
g IÉmi
Y Ignat's
III A