3rd - Exp - Kirchoff's - Law

Third Experiment
Kirchhoff's Laws
Presented by
Abdurahman Alsarhan
Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

Goals
1- Verifying the first Kirchhoff's law by currents in parallel connection.

2- Verifying the second Kirchhoff's law by voltages in series connection.

Theory
Kirchhoff's law demands on a current (I), and a voltage (V) due to passing through many resistances whether
connecting parallel and series. Kirchhoff's law contain two rules, which are a junction rule and a closed loop rule.
First Kirchhoff's law is called as junction rule for currents. Connecting resistances on the electric circuit for junction
rule is parallel connection as seen figure(3-1). The definition of electric current is flux of electrons through time, as
seen next equation (3-1).
!"
I= !#
(3-1)
The first Kirchhoff's law for currents is defined as the summation currents inside and outside the electric circuit as
illustration next equation (3-2).
𝐼! + 𝐼" + … + 𝐼#
𝐼$%$ = 𝐼! + 𝐼" + … + 𝐼#
𝐼$%$ = 𝐼! + 𝐼"
𝐼$%$ = ∑&# 𝐼# 𝐼$%$ − (𝐼! + 𝐼" ) =0
𝐼$%$ − ∑&# 𝐼# = Zero (3-2) 𝐹𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 3 − 1 , 𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑟𝑢𝑙𝑒.

Second Kirchhoff's law is called as closed loop rule for voltages. Connecting resistances on the electric circuit for
closed loop rule is series connection as seen figure(3-2). The definition electric voltage is pushing electrons from
negative pole to positive pole, as seen next equation (3-3).
∆𝑉 = 𝐸 𝑑𝑙 (3-3)
The second Kirchhoff's law for voltages is defined as the summation voltages inside a closed electric circuit as
illustration next equation (3-4).
𝑉$ + 𝑉%+ … + 𝑉&
𝑉#'# = 𝑉$ + 𝑉%+ … + 𝑉& 𝐹𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 3 − 2 , illustrating closed loop.
𝑉#'# = ∑(& 𝑉&

𝑉#'# − ∑(& 𝑉& = Zero (3-2)
𝑉# 𝑉$
𝑉!"! = 𝑉# + 𝑉$
𝑉!"! − (𝑉# + 𝑉$ )= 0
𝑉!"!
Tools
- DC power supply.
- Two multimeters.
- Two resistors.
- Electric wires.

Steps for First Law
1- Start right side for tools.
2- Connect from DC power supply and leave other side of wire.
2- Connect first resistor and leave other side of wire.
3- Connect second resistor and leave other side of wire.
4- Plug all other sides of wire together.
5- Do left side as right side.
6- To get the total current is connect wire from DC power supply to A input other wire plugging on (com) input.
7- To get the first current is connect wire from first resistor to A input other wires plugging on (com) input.
8- To get the second current is connect wire from second resistor to A input other wires plugging on (com) input.
9- Calculate the first Kirchhoff's law, which contains
𝐼,-, = 𝐼. + 𝐼/ 𝐼,-, − (𝐼. + 𝐼/ ) =0

Steps for First Law

Steps for Second Law
1- Connect a wire from DC power supply to first resistor.
2- Connect from first resistor to second resistor.
3- Connect from second resistor to DC power supply.
4- To get the total voltage is by connecting wire from multimeter by input (com), and input(V) to
connect two wires DC power supply on negative pole to positive pole.
5- To get the first voltage is by connecting wire from multimeter by input (com), and input(V) to
connect two wires on the first resistor on both sides.
6- To get the second voltage is by connecting wire from multimeter by input (com), and input(V) to
connect two wires on the second resistor on both sides.
7- Calculate the first Kirchhoff's law, which contains
𝑉,-, = 𝑉. + 𝑉/ 𝑉,-, − (𝑉. + 𝑉/ )= 0

Steps for Second Law

Results & Analysis
1- First Kirchhoff's Law by Currents.
𝑰𝒕𝒐𝒕 (A) 𝑰𝟏 (A) 𝑰𝟐 (A)
𝑰𝒕𝒐𝒕 – ( 𝑰𝟏 + 𝑰𝟐 ) = 0
……. – (…...+……) = ….
2- Second Kirchhoff's Law by Voltages.

𝑽𝒕𝒐𝒕 (V) 𝑽𝟏 (V) 𝑽𝟐 (V) 𝑽𝒕𝒐𝒕 – ( 𝑽𝟏 + 𝑽𝟐 ) = 0
……. – (…...+……) = ….

3rd - Exp - Kirchoff's - Law

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

3rd - Exp - Kirchoff's - Law

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

3rd - Exp - Kirchoff's - Law

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Third Experiment

Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

1- Verifying the first Kirchhoff's law by currents in parallel connection.

Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

𝑉#'# = ∑(& 𝑉&

Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

𝐼,-, = 𝐼. + 𝐼/ 𝐼,-, − (𝐼. + 𝐼/ ) =0

Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

𝑉,-, = 𝑉. + 𝑉/ 𝑉,-, − (𝑉. + 𝑉/ )= 0

Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

2- Second Kirchhoff's Law by Voltages.

Abdurahman Alsarhan 3rd Term 2023 Kirchhoff's Laws Phys 2190,1040,2310,2180

You might also like