CHAPTER

LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO

4 VARIABLES

MATHEMATICAL REASONING

1. Which equation satisfies the data given in 6. In the rectangular coordinate system given
the table? below, the shaded region is bounded by
x –1 0 1 2 two straight lines. Which of the following
y –3 –1 1 3 is not an equation of one of the boundary
(A) y = x – 2 (B) y = 2x – 1 lines ?
(C) y = 3x – 3 (D) y = x + 1 (A) x = 0 
(B) x = 1
2. The graph of y = 6 is a line
(A) Parallel to x-axis at a distance of 6 (C) x – y = 0
units from the origin. (D) x + 2y = 2
(B) Parallel to y-axis at a distance of 6
units from the origin. 7. ax + by + c = 0 does not represent an
(C) Making an intercept of 6 units on the equation of line, if ______.
x-axis. (A) a = c = 0, b ≠ 0
(D) Making an intercept of 6 units on both (B) b = c = 0, a ≠ 0
the axes. (C) a = b = 0
(D) c = 0, a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0
3. If the point (3, 4) lies on the graph of the
equation 3y = ax + 7, then the value of a is 8. A straight line parallel to the y-axis has
______. equation ______.
2 (A) x = a (B) y = a
(A) (B) 1
3 (C) y = x (D) y = –x
4 5
(C) (D)
3 3 9. If (2, 0) is a solution of the linear equation
2x + 3y = k, then the value of k is ______.
4. How many linear equations in x and y can
(A) 4 (B) 6
be satisfied by x = 2, y = 3?
(A) Only one (B) Only two (C) 5 (D) 2
(C) Infinitely many (D) None of these 10. If the graph of the equation 4x + 3y = 12
5. The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the coordinate axes at A and B, then
is a line which meets the x-axis at the point hypotenuse of right triangle AOB is of length
(A) (0, 2) (B) (2, 0) (A) 4 units (B) 3 units
(C) (3, 0) (D) (0, 3) (C) 5 units (D) None of these
11. Point (4, 1) lies on the line ______. 14. The equation of the line whose graph
(A) x + 2y = 5 (B) 2x + y = – 6 passes through the origin is ______.
(C) x + 2y = 6 (D) x + y = 16 (A) 4x + 2y = – 1 (B) x + y = 1
12. The equation x = 7 in two variables, can be (C) 8x + 7y = 0 (D) 8x – 1 = 4y
written as ______.
(A) 1⋅x + 1⋅y = 7 (B) 1⋅x + 0⋅y = 7 15. If ∠A and ∠B are complementary angles
(C) 0⋅x + 1⋅y = 7 (D) None of these and m∠A is x, which equation can be used
to find m ∠B which is denoted by y?
13. The point (a, – a) always lies on ______. (A) y = (90° + x) (B) y = (90° – x)
(A) x + y = 0 (B) x – y = 0
(C) y = (180° – x) (D) y = (x + 180°)
(C) x = – a (D) y = a

EVERYDAY MATHEMATICS

16. A and B are friends. A is elder to B by 5 (A) x + 2y = 0 (B) x – 2y = 0

years. B’s sister C is half the age of B while (C) 2x + y = 0 (D) 2x – y = 0
A’s father D is 8 years older than twice
the age of B. If the present age of D is 48 19. Rakesh has `x more than Mohan has, and
years, find the present ages of A, B and C together they have a total of `y. Which of
respectively. the following options represents the amount
(A) 50 years, 25 years, 20 years of money that Mohan has ?
(B) 40 years, 20 years, 15 years
y −x
(C) 20 years, 15 years, 10 years (A) ` 
 2 
(D) 25 years, 20 years, 10 years
 x
17. Mayank and Sujata, two students of class (B) `y − 
 2
9th together contributed `1000 to PPM relief
fund. y 
(C) ` − x
(i) Find the linear equation satisfying the 2 
data. (D) ` (2y – x)
(ii) If Sujata contributed `475, then how
(`) much Mayank contributed? 20. A part of monthly expenses of a family on
    (i) (ii) milk is fixed which is `700 and remaining
(A) 2x + y = 1000 575 varies with quantity of milk taken extra at
(B) x + y = 1000 525 the rate of `25 per litre. Taking quantity
(C) 0⋅x + 1⋅y = 100 575 of milk required extra as x litres and total
(D) 2x + 2y = 500 525 expenditure on milk as `y, write a linear
18. The cost of a note book is twice the cost equation from the above information.
of a pen. If the cost of a note book is (A) –25 x + y = 700
` x and that of a pen is ` y, then a linear (B) 20 x + y = 500
equation in two variables to represent the (C) 20 x + 10y = 300
given condition is ______. (D) x + 25 y = 900
 ACHIEVERS SECTION (HOTS)

21. The equations representing the given graph 23. Fill in the blanks.
is ______. (i) A linear equation in two variables has
P solutions(s).
(ii) The graph of Q line has an equation
of the form x = k.
(iii) A line parallel to x-axis cuts the y-axis
at R point(s).
(iv) Distance between the graph of
equation y = 2 and y = –4 is S units.
  P   Q   R S
(A) Zero Horizontal Zero 2
(B) Infinite Horizontal Two 6
(C) Infinite Vertical One 6
(D) Zero Vertical One 2

24. Which of the following is the graph of x + y = 6

(A) 7x + 2y = 11; y – 2x = 3 and x – y = 2?
(B) 2x + 7y = 11; 5x + (35y/2) = 25 (A) y
6
(C) 3x – 7y = 10; 8y – 6x = 4
5
(D) 3x – 4y = 1; 8y – 6x = 4 4
3 2
y =
22. If the temperature of a liquid can be 2 x–
measured in kelvin units as x°K or in 1
x′ 0 x
Fahrenheit units as y°F. The relation –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6

x+
–1

y=
between the two systems of measurement –2

6
of temperature is given by the linear –3
–4
equation.
y′
9
y = ( x − 273) + 32 (B) y
5
6
(i) Find the temperature of the liquid in 5
Fahrenheit if the temperature of the 4
3
x+

liquid is 313° K.
y=

2
(ii) If the temperature is 158° F, then find
6

1
the temperature in Kelvin. x x
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
 (i)  (ii) –1
–2
(A) 112° F 150° K
x–

–3
y=

(B) 112° F 243° K

2

–4
(C) 104° F 343° K –5
(D) 104° F 150° K y
(C) 25. Match the linear equations in column-I with
y
6
their solutions in column-II.
5 Column-I     Column-II
4 (P) 4x + 3y = 24 (i) (2, –3)
3 x y
6 2 (Q) – =2 (ii) (2, 3)
y= 2 3
x+ 1
x′ x (R) 3x + 5y = 15 (iii) (3, 4)
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3x 4 5 6
–1 –
y= x−2 9 6
–2 2 (S) = y −3 (iv)  , 
–3 3 3 5
–4 (A) (P) → (ii), (Q) → (i), (R) → (iv), (S) → (iii)
–5
y′
(B) (P) → (iii), (Q) → (i), (R) → (iv), (S) → (ii)
(C) (P) → (ii), (Q) → (iv), (R) → (i), (S) → (iii)
(D) None of these (D) (P) → (iii), (Q) → (iv), (R) → (i), (S) → (ii)
 HINTS & EXPLANATIONS
1
4 Linear Equations in Two Variables z=
2
y ... (ii)

1. (B) 2. (A) t = 2y + 8 ... (iii)

3. (D) : Since the point (3, 4) lies on the equation 3y = ax + 7. From (iii), 48 = 2y + 8
\ 3×4=a×3+7 ⇒ 2y = 40 ⇒ y = 20 years
5 1
⇒ 5 = 3a ⇒ a = . From (ii), z = × 20 = 10 years
3 2
From (i), x = 20 + 5 = 25 years
4. (C) : Infinitely many equations in x and y can be satisfied So, present ages of A, B and C are 25 years,
by x = 2 and y = 3. 20 years and 10 years respectively.
5. (C) : We have, 2x + 3y = 6 17. (B) : (i) Let Mayank contributed ` x and Sujata
Since the line meets x-axis i.e., y = 0 contributed ` y.
\ 2x + 3 × 0 = 6 ⇒ x = 3 According to question,
\ Required point is (3, 0) x + y = 1000 ... (1)
(ii) Now, if Sujata contributed ` 475 then y = 475
6. (C) : x – y = 0 is not the equation of one of the boundary
From (1), x + 475 = 1000 ⇒ x = 525
lines.
So, Mayank contributed ` 525.
7. (C) 8. (A)
18. (B) : According to question,
9. (A) : Since, (2, 0) is the solution of 2x + 3y = k. So (2, 0) 2 × Cost of pen = Cost of note book
satisfies it. ⇒ 2y = x ⇒ x – 2y = 0.
\ 2×2+3×0=k ⇒ k=4
19. (A) : Amount of money Rakesh has
10. (C) : Put x = 0 in 4x + 3y = 12, we get = x + Amount of money Mohan has ... (i)
4 × 0 + 3y = 12 ⇒ y = 4. Also, y = Total Amount of money
Put y = 0 in 4x + 3y = 12, we get ⇒ y = Amount of money with Rakesh
4x + 3 × 0 = 12 ⇒ x = 3. + Amount of money with Mohan
⇒ y = x + Amount of money with Mohan
+ Amount of money with Mohan (From (i))
(y − x )
⇒ Amount of money Mohan has = ` .
2
20. (A) : Since, x litres is the extra quantity of milk and y be
total expenditure on milk.
\ Required linear equation is
700 + 25x = y ⇒ y – 25x = 700
or –25x + y = 700
21. (D)
So, OB = 4 units and OA = 3 units. 22. (C) : (i) Putting x = 313°K, in given equation, we get
Now, in DAOB, by pythagoras theorem 9 9
AB2 = OB2 + OA2 ⇒ AB2 = 42 + 32 y = (313 − 273) + 32 = ( 40) + 32 = 72 + 32 = 104° F
5 5
⇒ AB2 = 16 + 9 ⇒ AB = 25 = 5 (ii) Putting, y = 158° F in given equation, we get,
Hence, hypotenuse = 5 units. 9
158 = ( x − 273) + 32
11. (C) 12. (B) 5
13. (A) : In x + y = 0 put x = a, we get 9 9
⇒ 158 − 32 = ( x − 273) ⇒ 126 = ( x − 273)
a+y=0 ⇒ y=–a 5 5
So, (a, – a) always satisfy x + y = 0. 5
⇒ 126 × = x – 273 ⇒ x = 343° K.
9
14. (C) : (A) The point (0, 0) satisfy the equation
8x + 7y = 0 23. (C)
So, 8x + 7y = 0 is the equation of line whose graph passes 24. (A) : Putting x = 0 in x + y = 6, we get y = 6.
through the origin. Putting y = 0 in x + y = 6, we get x = 6
So the equation x + y = 6 passes through (0, 6) and (6, 0).
15. (B) : We have given, ∠A + ∠B = 90°
Also, putting x = 0 in x – y = 2, we get y = – 2.
⇒ x + y = 90° ⇒ y = (90° – x)
Putting y = 0 in x – y = 2, we get x = 2
16. (D) : Let the present ages of A, B, C and D are x, y, z So, the equation x – y = 2 passes through (0, – 2) and (2, 0).
and t respectively. Hence, option (A) shows the graphs of x + y = 6 and x – y = 2.
Since, present age of D = t = 48 years.
25. (B)
According to question,
x=y+5 ... (i)