Sets and Maps
Sets and Maps
Worksheet 2 :
Sets and Maps
Exercise 1.
Which of the following statements are true and which are false ?
Exercise 2.
1. Consider the following subsets of Z.
Exercise 3.
Let S be a set and let A, B, C be subsets of S.
1. If we have C ⊂ A ∪ B, can we say that C ⊂ A or C ⊂ B ?
2. What can we say about the sets A and B if A ∩ B = A ∪ B. Justify your answer.
3. Show that
(a) A ∪ B = B ∩ C =⇒ A ⊂ B ⊂ C.
(b) (A ∩ B = A ∩ C ∧ A ∪ B = A ∪ C) =⇒ B = C.
(c) A ⊂ C ⇐⇒ A ∪ (B ∩ C) = (A ∪ B) ∩ C.
(d) (A ∩ B = A ∩ C) ⇐⇒ (A ∩ B = A ∩ C).
(e) (A ∩ B ⊂ A ∩ C) ∧ (A ∪ B ⊂ A ∪ C) =⇒ B ⊂ C.
4. (a) Simplify the following expressions :
1
i. (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∪ B). iii. (A ∪ B) \ (A ∪ C).
ii. (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ B).
1. A \ (B ∩ C) = (A \ B) ∪ (A \ C). 6. (A \ B) \ C = A \ (B ∪ C) = (A \ B) ∩ (A \ C).
2. (A ∪ B) \ C = (A \ C) ∪ (B \ C). 7. A∆B = (A ∪ B) \ (A ∩ B).
3. A ∩ (B \ C) = (A ∩ B) \ (A ∩ C). 8. (A ∩ B)∆(A ∩ C) = A ∩ (B∆C).
4. A \ B = A ⇐⇒ B \ A = B. 9. A∆B = A∆B.
5. (A \ C) \ (B \ C) = (A \ B) \ C. 10. A∆B = A ∩ B ⇐⇒ A = B = ∅.
Exercise 5.
Let S be a set and ∅ ≠ E ∈ P(S). Show that the following proprieties are equivalent.
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1. ∀(A, B) ∈ E , A∆B ∈ E and A ∩ B ∈ E.
2. ∀(A, B) ∈ E 2 , A∆B ∈ E and A ∪ B ∈ E.
3. ∀(A, B) ∈ E 2 , A ∪ B ∈ E and A \ B ∈ E.
Exercise 6.
1. Let A := {0, 1}, B := {−2, 1} and C := {3, 5, 7}. Determine the following sets
1. (A ⊂ C) ∧ (B ⊂ D) ⇐⇒ A × B ⊂ C × D. 4. (A × B) \ (A × C) = A × (B \ C).
2. (A × B) ∪ (A × C) = A × (B ∪ C). 5. (E × H) ∩ (F × G) = (E ∩ F ) × (H ∩ G).
3. (A × B) ∩ (A × C) = A × (B ∩ C). 6. If A ̸= B and A × C = B × C, then C = ∅.
Exercise 8.
For any non-empty subset A of a set S, the characteristic function of A is the map f from S to {0, 1}
defined as follows
1, if x ∈ A,
f (x) :=
0, otherwise.
Let A and B be non-empty two subsets of a set S. Denote by f and g the characteristic functions of A
and B respectively. Show that the maps 1 − f, f × g, and f + g − f × g are characteristic functions.
Exercise 9.
Are the following maps injective ? surjective ? bijective ? Determine the inverse map when possible.
f3 : R −→ R∗+
f1 : R −→ R f2 : R −→ R
ex + 2
x 7−→ f1 (x) = x − E(x); x −
7 → f2 (x) = E(2x); x −
7 → f3 (x) = −x ;
e