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Java Variables
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Java Variables
Variables are containers for storing data values.

In Java, there are different types of variables, for example:

String - stores text, such as "Hello". String values are surrounded by double quotes
int - stores integers (whole numbers), without decimals, such as 123 or -123
float - stores floating point numbers, with decimals, such as 19.99 or -19.99
char - stores single characters, such as 'a' or 'B'. Char values are surrounded by single
quotes
boolean - stores values with two states: true or false

Declaring (Creating) Variables

To create a variable, you must specify the type and assign it a value:

Syntax

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 HTML
 variableName
type =CSS
value;JAVASCRIPT   

Where type is one of Java's types (such as int or String ), and variableName is the name of the
variable (such as x or name). The equal sign is used to assign values to the variable.

To create a variable that should store text, look at the following example:

Example
Create a variable called name of type String and assign it the value "John":

String name = "John";

System.out.println(name);

Try it Yourself »

To create a variable that should store a number, look at the following example:

Example
Create a variable called myNum of type int and assign it the value 15:

int myNum = 15;

System.out.println(myNum);

Try it Yourself »

You can also declare a variable without assigning the value, and assign the value later:

Example

int myNum;
myNum = 15;
System.out.println(myNum);

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 Try
it Yourself
HTML » CSS JAVASCRIPT   

Note that if you assign a new value to an existing variable, it will overwrite the previous value:

Example
Change the value of myNum from 15 to 20 :

int myNum = 15;

myNum = 20; // myNum is now 20
System.out.println(myNum);

Try it Yourself »

Final Variables
If you don't want others (or yourself) to overwrite existing values, use the final keyword (this
will declare the variable as "final" or "constant", which means unchangeable and read-only):

Example

final int myNum = 15;

myNum = 20; // will generate an error: cannot assign a value to a final variable

Try it Yourself »

Other Types
A demonstration of how to declare variables of other types:

Example

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 myNumHTML
int = 5; CSS JAVASCRIPT   
float myFloatNum = 5.99f;
char myLetter = 'D';
boolean myBool = true;
String myText = "Hello";

You will learn more about data types in the next section.

Test Yourself With Exercises

Exercise:
Create a variable named carName and assign the value Volvo to it.

= ;

Submit Answer »

Start the Exercise

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