Review on Correctional Administration school doctrine in general is correct, it
should be modified in certain details
INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION
POSITIVIST THEORY - this school
PENOLOGY
views crime as a social phenomenon
deals with the various means and attaches importance to the
of fighting crimes as regards criminal offenders.
the penalties and other
measure of security
It is the study of crimes and MODERN THEORIES ON CAUSES OF CRIMES
punishment
Genes and crime - individuals are
PUNISHMENT - Is an instrument of determined primarily on its genetics
public justice make-ups. Criminologists postulated
that one trait maybe passed on
PENALTY - is defined as the suffering
genetically as a propensity to commit
that is inflicted by the state for the
crime.
transgression of law
Crime and Brain - one of the earliest
theories of criminal behavior knows
THEORIES OF PUNISHMENT as Phrenology argued that the
development and shape of the brain
THE CODE OF HAMMURABI - that has affects personality and social
its core principle a concept of justice behavior.
known as lextaliones or “ an eye for
an eye, a tooth for a tooth” Intelligence and crime - The low IQ
person justifies its acts in an overt
PUNISHMENT IN PRIMITIVE manner and is often engaging in
SOCIETY street violence, while the high IQ is
is the infliction of death prone to commit white collar crimes
penalty upon a person of a by exploitation of the weak.
serious crime. Routine activities theory - cohen and
CORPORAL PUNISHMENT felson 1979, allege that in order for a
crime to take place, three elements
means the infliction of must converge in space and time: a
physical pain upon convicted motivated offender, a suitable target
offender. and the absence of possible
guardians.
THE CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES Law of Imitation - Criminals learned
their behavior from others and imitate
CLASSICAL THEORY - lays stress on
them
the crime and not on the person or
criminal offender. The punishment Differential Association Theory -
employed on this approach is punitive Criminal behavior is learned through
in nature, as deemed commensurate communication within intimate
to the crime committed. personal group
NEO-CLASSICAL THEORY - this theory
maintains that while the classical
Somatotype theory - criminal DIFFERENT CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN
behavior is based on the body THE PHILIPPINES
physique of a person
Jails - under the Department of
interior and local Government; the
NAPOLCOM, BJMP,
Evolution of Correctional Institution
Prisons - under the Department of
FIRST HOUSE OF CORRECTION - St.
Justice
Bridget’s Well (later called Bride Well)
for locking up, employing and Correctional Institutions for Women
whipping beggars, prostitutes and
A house of confinement
night walkers of all sorts
designed to cater woman
GAOLS - are poorly constructed offenders in the philippines
unsanitary, damp, drafty or airless This is the only penal
gloomy dungeons, foul smelling institution for women in the
places of detention in early Philippines
eighteenth century
THE HULK - is an old sailing ship that
is no longer used for sea voyages or
naval operations, TYPES OF PRISONERS
THE PANOPTICAN National prisoners - those whose
sentence is more than three years and
or inspection prison house
are sent to the bureau of correction
a tank like structure, covered
(BUCOR).
by glass roof. The cells were
to be arranged around central Provincial Prisoners - those whose
apartment from which the sentences of six months up to three
custodians could keep all cells years are sent to the provincial Jails.
under close observation.
City Prisoners - those who are
THE NEWGATE PRISON sentenced by city courts to a
maximum of three years will be sent
It was not a real prison but an
to serve their sentence in the city jail.
abandoned cooper mine
the inmates are confined Municipal Prisoners- those whose
underground and were sentence of one day up to six months
considered a black hole of and is sent to the Municipal Jail.
horrors,
THE AUBURN SYSTEM - is
PHILIPPINE PENAL SYSTEM
characterized by locking inmates in
separate cells at night but worked BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS - has
together in enforced silence in general supervision and control of
congregate workshop during the day national and provincial prisons and all
penal settlements and is charge with
CODE OF KALANTIAW - Oldest
the safe keeping of all prisoners
written penal code of the Philippines
confined therein or committed to the
custody of the said Bureau.
BILIBID PRISON PRISONER - A prisoner is any person
detained/confined in jail or prison for the
the central place of
commission of a criminal offense or convicted
confinement of National
and serving in a penal institution.
prisoners
The New Bilibid prison offers General classification of prisoner
a high school course, which Detention prisoners - those
was established in 1956 for detained for investigation,
prisoners who desire to preliminary hearing or
complete their high school awaiting trial.
education Sentenced prisoners -
offenders who are committed
Camp Bukang Liwayway - houses
to jail or prison in order to
minimum-security prisoners who
serve their sentence after
work into the various project of the
final conviction by a
institution
competent court.
Prisoners who are for safe-
keeping - includes non-
The Agricultural Colony criminal offenders who are
The San Ramon Prison and Penal detained in order to protect
Farm - established for the the community against their
confinement of Political Offenders. harmful behavior
The Iwahig Penal Colony
the best open penal Classification of prisoners according to
institutions in the world. degree of security
administers the Tagumpay Maximum Security Prisoners - the
settlement group of prisoners whose escaped
The Davao Penal Colony could be dangerous to the public or to
the security of the state. It consist of
was used as concentration constant troublemakers but not as
camp for American prisoners dangerous as the super-maximum
of war, during the war, security prisoners.
This institution is now the
main source of income of the Medium Security Prisoners - those
Bureau of Prisons form its cannot be trusted in open conditions
vast abaca, rice and other and pose less danger than maximum
agricultural products security prisoners, in case they
escaped
Minimum Scurity Prisoners - A group
The Death Row - A facility where the inmates of prisoners who can be reasonably
are released to another world. trusted to serve sentence under open
conditions
PRISON - A penitentiary, or an institution for
the imprisonment (incarceration) of person
convicted of major serious crimes.
Jail - A house of confinement of persons
awaiting trial
Lock up jail - is a security facility, common to were they serve slaves until they completed
police station, used for temporary their services of sentence
confinement of an individual held for
investigation
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PROBATION
Ordinary jails - is the type of jail commonly
IN THE PHILIPPINES
used to detain a convicted criminal offender
to serve sentence less than three years. Act no. 4221 - the first probation law
in the Philippines
Provincial jails - is not under the jurisdiction
of the bureau of correction. They are People vs. Vera - declared it
managed and controlled by the provincial unconstitutional
government.
1. That said act
Mittimus - a warrant issued by a court encroaches upon the
directing the jail or prison authorities to pardoning power of
receive the convicted offender for the service the chief executive.
of sentence imposed or for detention. 2. That it constitutes an
undue delegation of
legislative power.
Non-Institutional Correction 3. That it denies equal
protection of law.
FORERUNNERS OF PROBATION
House bill no.393 - sponsored by
Benefits of Clergy - a
then congressman Teodulo C.
compromise with the
Natividad and Ramon Bagatsing tried
church which had
to revived the probation system but
maintain that a
did not pass congress
member of a clergy
brought to trial in a
King’s Court might be
BASIC DEFINITIONS
claimed from that
jurisdiction by the PROBATION - is a disposition under
bishop or chaplain which a defendant after convictions
representing him on and sentence is released subject to
the ground that the conditions imposed by the court
prisoner was subject under the supervision of a probation
to the authority of the officer.
ecclesiastical court
Petitioner - a convicted defendant
Judicial Reprieve - a device modifying who files a formal application for
the severity of the law by temporary probation
suspension of the sentence.
Probationer - a person placed on
Recognizance - This is an older probation
method of suspending or deferring
judgment for good behavior Probation officer - a person who
investigates for the court a referral for
Banishment or Transportation - is done by provision or supervises a probationer
indenturing the convicts to penal colonies or both, and performs other related
duties as directed.
Huber Law - A State Law in Wisconsin GRANT OF PROBATION
permitting prisoners not so dangerous
Probation is a privilege and as
to society to be gainfully employed
such its granted rests solely upon
during the day while residing in jail
the discretion of the court.
SURSIS - A Probation with no Tolentino vs. Judge Alconhel,
supervision on the condition that no
further offense will be committed
Period of Resolution of Petition for Probation
within a prescribed period.
- The court shall resolve a petition for
probation not later than 15 days from the
date receipt of the report from the probation
Flash sheet - Probation officer shall
office.
notify all police agencies by sending a
note the a Probationer is under his Effectively of the Probation Order - A
supervision probation order shall take effect upon its
issuance and the same date the probation
period shall commence, unless otherwise
PETITIONS FOR PROBATIONS specified by the court.
Submission of Petition - A petition Finality of Probation Order - The order of the
for probation maybe filed by a court granting or denying probation shall not
petitioner directly to the court who be appealable
exercise jurisdiction over his case.
Time for Filing a Petition - A petition
for probation maybe filed by the
petitioner with the court that tried
and sentenced him within the period
of 15 days.
Effect of Filing a Petition - The court
may upon filling of a petition, suspend
the execution of the sentence.
Post-Sentence Investigation Report - the
probation officer shall submit a post-sentence
report to the court within 60 days upon the
receipt of the order
Who signs the Report?
The report shall be signed by the
investigating probation officer and
approved by the head of the local
probation officer.
