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1 4-Ellipse

This document provides an overview of analytic geometry and conic sections, specifically ellipses. It defines key parts of an ellipse like the center, major and minor axes, vertices and co-vertices. It presents the standard and other forms of the equation of an ellipse, and provides examples of graphing ellipses and determining features given the equation. References for further reading on conic sections are also included.

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Rayner Ramiro
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33 views22 pages

1 4-Ellipse

This document provides an overview of analytic geometry and conic sections, specifically ellipses. It defines key parts of an ellipse like the center, major and minor axes, vertices and co-vertices. It presents the standard and other forms of the equation of an ellipse, and provides examples of graphing ellipses and determining features given the equation. References for further reading on conic sections are also included.

Uploaded by

Rayner Ramiro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NALYTIC

GEOMETRY
[PreCalculus]
TRISTAN DEO MEDINA PARIÑAS
[email protected]

d d
Topics for Discussion
 General Equation of Conic
Section
 Ellipse
 Equations of an Ellipse
 Graphing an Ellipse
GENERAL EQUATION
 an
ellipse is formed when the general
equation becomes

2 2
0
Ax + By + Cx + Dy + E =

d d
ELLIPSE
 is
the set of all points on the plane
such that the sum of the distances
from two fixed points is constant

d d
PARTS

d d
CENTER
 is the midpoint of the major axis

d d
MAJOR AXIS
 is
the segment that passes through
the foci and its endpoints lie on
the ellipse

d d
MINOR AXIS
 is
the segment perpendicular to
the major axis and its endpoints
are known as the co-vertices

d d
VERTICES
 are the endpoints of the major axis

d d
CO-VERTICES
 are the endpoints of the minor axis

d d
FOCAL DISTANCE
 is
the distance from the center to
a focus, denoted as c , where

2 2 2
c= a − b
d d
FOCUS
 is the fixed point of the ellipse
 plural form is foci
 there are two foci in an ellipse

d d
STANDARD EQUATION (0,0)
2 2
0
x + y + Cx + Dy + E =
2 2
x y  where a≠b
2
+ 2
1
=
a b
d d
EXAMPLE 1 2 2
x y
Graph then determine: of + 1
=
9 4
a. vertices
b. co-vertices Hint: Get first the x and
y intercepts to
c. major axis graph the ellipse
d. minor axis
e. focal distance and the foci
d d
EXAMPLE 2 2 2
x y
Graph then determine: of + 1
=
4 9
a. vertices
b. co-vertices
c. major axis
d. minor axis
e. focal distance and the foci
d d
STANDARD EQUATION (h,k)
2 2
0
x + y + Cx + Dy + E =

( x − h) ( y −k)
2 2
 where a≠b
2
+ 2
1
=
a b
d d
EXAMPLE 3
( x + 1) ( y − 2)
2 2

Graph then determine: of + 1


=
9 16
a. vertices
b. co-vertices
c. major axis
d. minor axis
e. focal distance and the foci
d d
EXAMPLE 4
Rewrite the equation of the ellipse in
standard form. Then determine the foci,
vertices, co-vertices, major and minor axis.
2 2
16 x +9 y +32 x + 72 y +16=
0

d d
OTHER STANDARD EQUATIONS (h,k)
( x − h) ( y −k)
2
( x − h) ( y −k)
2

2
Components
y = 4cx a2
+
b2
1
=
b2
+
a2
1
=

Major2axis Horizontal vertical


x = 4cy
Foci ( h + c ,k ) and ( h −c ,k ) ( h,k + c ) and ( h,k −c )
2
x = −4cy
Vertices ( h + a ,k ) and ( h − a ,k ) ( h,k + a ) and ( h,k − a )
Co-vertices ( h,k +b ) and ( h , k −b ) ( h + b , k ) and ( h −b , k )
d d
REFERENCES
 Boyadshiev, I. Conic Sections.
https://www.geogebra.org/m/GmTngth7#material/T8TV2JqG
 Herman, E. and Strang G. Conic Sections.
https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Calculus/Calculus_%28OpenSta
x%29/11%3A_Parametric_Equations_and_Polar_Coordinates/11.05%3A_
Conic_Sections
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