A

Project Report
On
360 DEGREE FLEXIBLE DRILLINGMACHINE
Submitted in the partial fulfillment of requirement for the reward of diploma

DIPLOMA
in
MECHANICAL

RV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BIJNOR

Project guide: Submitted by:

Mr. Mohit Rajput Ajay Singh
Atul Kumar
Chandrashekar
Deepu

RV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BIJNOR

Affiliated to B.T.E. U.P., Lucknow
June 2022-23
 Certificate

Certified that this project entitled “360 DEGREE FLEXIBLE DRILLING

MACHINE ” submitted by 1- Ajay singh 2-Atul kumar 3- Deepu , 4-
Chandrashekar students of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, RV INSTITUTE
OF TECHNOLOGY, BIJNOR in the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
award of Diploma of B.T.E.U.P., is a Bona-fide record of students own study
carried under my supervision & guidance.

This report has not been submitted to any other university/ board or institution
for the award of any diploma.

Project guide : Head Of Department External Examiner

Mr. Mohit Rajput Mr. Vikas Rajput
( Asst. Professor)
 Declaration

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that to the best of our
knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by
another person not material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for
the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of
higher learning expect where due acknowledgement has been in the text.
 Acknowlwdgement
I would like to place on record my deep sense of gratitude to my guide ,Mr. Mohit
Rajput, dept. of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, RV institute of technology
,Bijnor, India for I express my sincere gratitude to mr. Vikas Rajput , head of
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING , RV Institute of technology, Bijnor , india , for
their valuable advices and insightful suggestion.

Signature
Roll. No.
Name

Signature
Roll. No.
Name

Signature
Roll. No.
Name

Signature
Roll. No.
Name
 Abstract

Directional drilling machine which can be used based on drilling holes in various
location and movement and easily operation done with high accuracy.
Productivity can be improved by reducing total machining time and reduced
human effort and reduced manufacturing cycle time. In this present age the
application of micromachining operations continues to grow. These operations
are required to fabricate the products required for sectors like medical science,
automobile industries and electronics manufacturing etc. which deals with
miniature trends. Drilling process is one of the machining processes which is used
to drill micro holes not only in micro products but also in relatively larger work
pieces which require ultra-small features which can be accomplished only by
drilling process.
 Table Of Content

Chapter Title Page No.

Cover Page & Title Page 1

Certificate Page 2
Declaration page 3
Acknowledgement Page 4
Abstract Page 5
Table of content page 6

I Introduction 9
II Methodology 10
III Literature Review 11-15
IV Design 16-21
V Estimating & Costing 22
VI Summary 23-24
VII Future Scope 25-26
VIII Conclusion 27-29
References 30
 Specification
A.
Specification of motor
Type of Motor – D.C

Rated voltage- 24 volt

Working voltage- 12 volt

Speed-10000 revolutions per minute (rpm)

Diameter – 36 millimeter (mm)

Length - 57 millimeter (mm)

Current- 0.2 ampere - 1.2 ampere

Power – 2.4 watt - 15 watt

Shaft diameter- 3.17 millimeter (mm)

Shaft length- 14 millimeter (mm)

Material – Aluminium (Al)

Colour- Black
B. Specification Of Connecting Rod:
1st rod i.e. Outer Arm – 200 mm (Quantity-2)

2nd rod i.e. Inner Arm – 200 inch (Quantity-1)

C. Specification Of Permanent Magnetic Chuck:

Magnet grade :- N35,N52,N38,N40.

Pole pitch :- 30 millimeter (mm)

Size :- 120L* 75W* 45H

Shape :- Rectangular

Pole Gap:- 14 millimeter (mm)

D. Specification Of Chuck:
Diameter (Outside) - 21 millimeter (mm)
Range Of Clamping- 0.3 millimeter (mm) - 4 millimeter (mm)
Taper- 6 millimeter (mm)

E. Specification Of Drill Bit:

Type- brad point bit
Diameter- 3 millimeter (mm) Length – 60 millimeter (mm)
Material :Carbite

Cutting Parameters
A. Calculation of V (Cutting Speed) :
As, V= (π *D *N)
N=1750
V=274.88 mm/sec

B. . Calculation of f (Feed Rate) :

Feed rate = 40 mm/min
C. Calculation of d (depth of cut) :
As, d=(D/2) So, d=1.5
 Chapter-I

INTRODUCTION
Around 35,000 BCE, Homo sapiens discovered the benefits of the
application of rotary tools. This would have rudimentarily consisted of
a pointed rock being spun between the hands to bore a hole through
another material . This led to the hand drill, a smooth stick that was
sometimes attached to flint point, and was rubbed between the palms.
This was used by many ancient civilizations around the world including
the Mayans. The earliest used by many ancient civilizations around the
world including the Mayans. The earliest perforated artifacts such as
bone, ivory, shells and antlers found, are from the Upper Paleolithic
era.
We had chosen the user defined project (UDP) for our final year
project. We are decided our topic to develop the automatic multi-
operational portable machine say like tapping, drilling, grinding,
reaming, and other relative operation. This will make use of
compressed air (pneumatic mechanism) for its operation. We will
trying to develop the portable machine which will easily handle and
cover a maximum working area from one station and make it more
flexible to working easily. As a small industries the machine and
operation method use for drilling, tapping and other similar process is
not economically and eco friendly. As we know that drilling machine
use the electricity as there power source these machine have many
limitation like it is not flexible and not moveable, consume more floor
area and main problem is that it need continuous electricity which
increase the cost of production. The tapping operations are performed
by use of convention tap or hand tap. during operation it is necessary
with a hand tap to periodically reverse rotation to break the chip formed
during the cutting process, thus preventing effect called crowding that
may cause defect.
 Chapter- II
Methodology

• Drilling is the operation of producing circular hole in the work-piece by using a

rotating cutter called DRILL.
• The machine used for drilling is called drilling machine.
• The drilling operation can also be accomplished in lathe, in which the drill is
held in tailstock and the work is held by the chuck.
• The most common drill used is the twist drill.
Two main type of drilling:-
1. Hand drilling machine
2. Fixed table drilling machine
As our project is on hand drill machine, we will talk about hand drill machines
advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages:-
1. Compact in size.
2. Easy to carry.
3. Low cost.
4. Can drill in any direction where human can reach.

Disadvatages:-
1. Only small diameter of holes can be drilled.
2. Cannot get a through hole because of vibrations.
3. Less stability.
So looking at the disadvantages we came up with an project which can remove
this disadvantages of hand drill machine.
 ADVANTAGES

1) They may provide efficient drilling

2) They can provide 360 Degrees of Rotation

3) They are flexible to use

4) No requirement of skilled labours cause they are functioning is quite easy

5) They can drill in congested and difficult places

6) This machine comes with low cost

7) The Handling Cost for this machine is very less

8) The drilling time is Reduced with this machine

9) The Overall Manufacturing Cost gets reduced with this machine

10) We can achieve increased productivity with this machine

 Development Of Drilling Machine

A. Equipments used for the Experiment as shown:

Base plate
Vertical arm
Hrizontal arm
Suspension spring
Rollar bearing
Motor
Drill bit
Copper wire
Switch board
Guider
 MOVEMENTS IN FLEXIBLE DRILLING MACHINE

This drilling machine possesses a radial arm which along with the drilling head
can swing and move vertically up and down as can be seen in Fig. The radial,
vertical and horizontal arm movement of the drilling head enables locating the
drill spindle at any point within a very large space required by large and odd
shaped jobs The tubular column on that the radial arm which moves up and down
manually or it can powered movement then the drilling head here this is called
drilling head which holds the drill spindle here in which the drill is mounted and
is subjected to rotation. The entire head is mounted on the radial arm and this can
move inward and outward from the drill axis. Also the horizontal arm can slide
linearly on vertical arm. Not only that, as this along with this radial arm the
drilling head moves upward and downward to have large gap between the to drill
and job or there is a stoke length. Not only that further this radial arm can be
rotated about the column rotated about the column, say about 360 degree.

The main movements in the machine are:

360 degrees rotation of arm joint.

Up & down movement of the horizontal arm on vertical arm.

Linear slide movement of horizontal arm.

 Working Procedure

Pneumatic multi-operation machine make use of compressed air obtained from

compressor passes through pressure regulator & then passes through pneumatic
gun. In pneumatic gun air exerts a axial spinning force on the spindle located
inside the tool head which causes the drill tool to rotate inside the work piece with
required RPM.

.
 Setup Procedure
1) Base:

The base acts a support for the whole machine. It’s made of a mild steel. The base
of the drilling machine supports the entire machine and when bolted to the floor,
provides for vibration-free operation and best machining accuracy. The top of the
base is similar to the worktable and may be equipped with t- slot for mounting
work too larger for the table.

2) Arm:

There are two arms:

(i) Vertical arm

(ii) Horizontal arm

The primary arm holds the secondary arm and it is with the help of this arm the
360° of rotation is transferred from the t plate to the secondary arm in order to
move the drill head at angles. They are made up of stainless steel.

3) Cross Slide:

We have used a hand drilling machine to be fixed on the cross slide. Our drilling
machine can drill holes on concrete, wood and metal. The drill bit can be rotated
both clockwise and anticlockwise direction
 PROCESS SCHEMATIC

Drilling consists of axial and rotational motions between the drill and the job.
Usually the drill rotates and advances into the job, but at few times the other
might get real. The Chips that are formed during the process of drilling can be
removed by flowing through the grooves or flutes and thus the coolant is
required for higher rate of cutting , tool life.
A. Brad Point Drill Bit (Lip and Spur drill bit)

Brad Point drill bit is variance of the twist bit which can improve drilling
in wooden. Brad Point drill bit is likewise called lip and spur drill bit. For
metalwork, that is generally encountered via drilling a pilot hollow with a
spotting drilling bit. The lip and spur drill bit can be an alternate answer
for drilling operation in woods
2. Motor
Motor is an electrical tool that converts electric strength to mechanical energy.
It rotates shaft which support through bush in it when power is provided via
rectifier. This shaft connects with drill bit via chuck to rotate drill bit and make
hole on job whenever required. It is high torque capable which is required for
drilling. An electric motor is an electrical machine which converts electric power
into mechanical strength. The reverse of this system is the conversion of
mechanical strength into electric energy which is completed via an electric
generator, that has tons in commonplace with a motor. Most electric vehicles
perform via the interplay among an electric motor's magnetic subject and winding
currents to generate pressure. In diverse programs, which include in regenerative
braking with traction cars, electric motors may also be used as generators to
convert mechanical power into electric powered strength.
3. Nut & Bolt
A Nut & Bolt joint is a 1 degree of freedom kinematic pair that is used within the
mechanisms. Nut & Bolt joints provide single-axis translation by using the
threads of the threaded rod to offer such translation. This type of joint may be
used majorly on maximum forms of linear actuators and certain types of Cartesian
robots. A Nut & Bolt joint is every so often referred as a separate type but it's a
variation of bolted joint. The simplest difference is that a bots is used, which
requires an internal thread in one of the jointed components. This can save space,
however continuous reuse of the thread could probably harm the coils, making
the entire component now not appropriate to be used. Some nuts threads are
designed for mating with a complementary thread, referred to as a woman thread
(inner thread), regularly inside the shape of a nut or an item that has the internal
thread shaped into it. Other nuts threads are designed to cut a helical groove in a
softer fabric as the bolt is inserted. The maximum commonplace makes use of of
nut & bolt joints are in retaining items together and in positioning the items
 Supporting Table & Hinges

• Box A is mounted on a plate, which can be further mounted on the table or

wall for stability. The whole mechanism can rotate 360 degree at the vertical axis
of box A.
• Box B is attached to Box A with the help of two slant links, hence keep a angle
of 45 degrees between both boxes. Now the box B can rotate 360 degree at the
vertical axis of box A
. • Box C is mounted on Box B in such a way that it can rotate 360 degrees on its
vertical axis.
• Box D is attached to box C with the help of four movable links, hence achieving
a vertical motion of box D. So now the box D can rotate 360 degrees at vertical
axis of box C.
 Drilling Process
Penetrating is the technique for making gaps in a work piece with metal cutting
apparatuses. Boring is related with machining tasks, for example, trepanning,
counter exhausting, reaming and exhausting. A fundamental pivoting
development is basic to every one of these procedures joined with a straight
feed. There is a reasonable qualification between short gap and profound
opening penetrating. The penetrating procedure can in certain regards be
contrasted and turning and processing however the requests on chip breaking
and the departure of chips is basic in boring. Machining is confined by the gap
measurements, the more prominent the opening profundity, the all the more
requesting it is to control the procedure a d to expel the chips. Short gaps
happen every now and again on numerous parts and high material expulsion rate
is a developing need alongside quality and unwavering quality

Machine Holes
Holes are either made or complete machined. Most work pieces have
somewhere around one gap and relying on the capacity of the opening, it
needs machining to different constraint The primary factors that describe An
opening from the machining view point are
• Diameter
• Depth
• Quality
• Material
• Condition
• Reliability
• productivity Drilling
may influence the mechanical properties of the workpiece by making alow
remaining stresses. Around the gap opening and a flimsy layer of profoundly
focused and bothered material on the recently shaped surface this causes the
work piece to turn out to be increasingly helpless to consumption and break
engendering the focused on surface. A complete activity might be done to dodge
these negative conditions. For fluted boring tools any chips are expelled through
the flutes. Chips may frame long spirals or little pieces ,contingent upon the
material and procedure parameters.
The sort of chips shaped can be a pointer of the machinability of the
material, with long chips proposing great material machinability. At the point
when conceivable bored openings ought to be found opposite to work piece
surface This limits the boring apparatus propensity to walk, that will be diverted
from the expected ceter line of the bore this makes the opening be misplaced.
The higher the length to distance across of the boring apparatus the more
noteworthy the inclination to walk. The inclination to walk is additionally
seized in different ways, which incorporate the accompanying:
1. Casting-an imprint into the work piece.
2. Center punching
3. Spot penetrating known as focus boring
4. Spot confronting Machining a specific zone on a throwing or fashioning to
set up a precisely found face on a generally unpleasant surface.
5. Constraining the situation of the boring apparatus utilizing drill dance
This limits the boring apparatus propensity to walk, that will be diverted from
the expected ceter line of the bore this makes the opening be misplaced. The
higher the length to distance across of the boring apparatus the more noteworthy
the inclination to walk. The inclination to walk is additionally seized in different
ways, which incorporate the accompanying precisely found face on a generally
unpleasant surface
 Part Collection
1. Pneumatic gun

2. Arms

3. Drill Bits
 Define Joints
We defined joints which are used for relative motion of arms & also to rotate
gun in 360 degree.
We designed mainly three types of joints such as ball joints, pin joints &
rotational top head.
We can switch to an automation by using servo motor in the defined joints for
future scope.

Hinges

Assembling of component

• After collection & designing of all parts we go for the final assemble to
give the final
• touch to our machine.

• Finally we assembled all the components in the one single unit and
made universal
• drilling machine to justify our project title “DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT
OF UNIVERSAL PNEUMATIC DRILLNG MACHINE’’.
 Partial Assembly

Final Assembly
 Chapter -III

Literature Review

G.Prasanth Kumar: This paper first introduces the general concept of 360°
Flexible Drilling Machine.Use of rotating hinges and connectors with motor
mount and supporting structure to design and fabricate a 360 degree drilling
machine for easy drilling operations. Drilling machine is one of the most
important machine tools in a workshop. It was designed to produce a cylindrical
hole of required diameter and depth on metal work pieces. Though holes can be
made by different machine tools in a shop, drilling machine is designed
specifically to perform the operation of drilling and similar operations. Drilling
can be done easily at a low cost in a shorter period of time in a drilling
machine.Drilling can be called as the operation of producing a cylindrical hole of
required diameter and depth by removing metal by the rotating edges of a drill.
The cutting tool known as drill is fitted into the spindle of the drilling machine. A
mark of indentation is made at the required location with a center punch. The
rotating drill is pressed at the location and is fed into the work. The hole can be
made up to a required depth. Drilled holes are characterized by their sharp edge
on the entrance side and the presence of burrs on the exit side (unless they have
been removed). Also, the inside of the hole usually has helical feed marks.
Drilling may affect the mechanical properties of the work piece by creating low
residual stresses around the whole opening and a very thin layer of highly
stressed and disturbed material on the newly formed surface.
Chapter – IV
DESIGN
 Chapter -V
Estimating & Costing

Name Type No. of items Price

Motor A.C 1 1000
Hinges Iron 8 800

Arms Iron 8 1000

Nuts Steel 36 180
Supporting Steel 1 1000
Table
Washer Iron 48 50
Total 102 4030
 Chapter-VII

Future Scope

1) It is used in industries.
2) It is used with automation for automatic drilling
3) In future it is used in every field where drilling is required.
4) Also use this method of rotation of arm in other machining operation.
5) we can use servo motor in our machine to provide the automation by giving
6) We can use telescoping arm to increase the working envelope of the machine
to reach in any direction easily.
7) We can use hydraulic system or hydraulic lubrication to operate the machine
in smooth manner without including the less fatigue of man power.
 Chapter-VIII

Conclusion

In this paper multipurpose machine having drill, drilling and buffing bits on single
base is described. The practical measurement results have shown that the
performance of this machine is better than the existing one. It requires less power
for its operation. It is also convenient to move from one place to another, due to
its compact size and being installed on the single frame. It is easy for the
maintenance with low maintenance cost and requires very less skill for its
operation. This machine causes the increase of production capacity. Thus this
machine is better choice than machines performing those operations individually.
 References

[1] Mr. Jay M. Patel , Mr. Akhil P. Nair , Prof. Hiral U.Chauhan , 3-Directional
Flexible Drilling Machine, International Journal for Scientific Research &
Development ,
[2] R.Anandhan, P.Gunasekaran, D.Sreenevasan, D.Rajamaruthu , Design and
Fabrication of Angular Drilling Machine , International Journal of Innovative
Research in Science, Engineering and Technology
[3] Praveenkumar, B. S., Niranjan Hugar, Ajithkumar, A. , DESIGN OF ROD
GROOVING MULTISPINDLE DRILLING UNIT, Asian Journal of Science and
Technology
. [4] Prof. Gadhia Utsav D, Shah Harsh A, Patel Viral A, Patel Kushang P, Amin
Harsh J , DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT OF UNIVERSAL PNEUMATIC DRILLING
MACHINE: A REVIEW STUDY, International Journal For Technological Research In
Engineering .
[5] Mr. Sakate P.R. , Mr. Jadhav A.S. , Prof. Bamankar P.B. , Miss. Jagadale A.A. ,
Miss. Bhosale P.S. , A Review on Multi Spindle Drilling Special Purpose Machine
with Respect to Productivity , International Journal for Scientific Research &
Development
[6] Mr. K. I. Nargatti, Mr. S. V. Patil , Mr. G. N. Rakate , Design And Fabrication of
Multispindle Drilling Head with Varying Centre Distance , International Journal
of Trend in Research and Development,
. [7] S. R. Gawande, S. P. Trikal , Development of Multi Spindle Drilling Machine
to Enhance the Productivity in Amba Stainless Steel Kitchen Trolley
Manufacturer, Amravati , International Journal of Science and Research ,
[8] G .Prasanth Kumar, P. Guna Sekhar , P. Nadeem Khan P. Rajesh ,B.V. Krishnaiah
Under Graduate Student ,Assistant professor Department of Mechanical
Engineering Narayana Engineering College