PRACTICAL-3

System of Differential Equations

Q1: Solve the system of differential equation

x y -1
=2y = x
t t 4
x(0)=2, y(0)= 1

Solution :
sol =
DSolve[ {x '[t]  2 * y[t], y '[t]  - 1 / 4 * x[t] , x[0]  2, y[0]  1}, {x[t], y[t]}, t]
t t 1 t t
x[t]  2 Cos + 2 Sin  , y[t]  2 Cos - 2 Sin  
2 2 2 2 2
2 NIDHI P3.nb

h1 = Plot[{x[t] /. sol , y[t] /. sol}, {t, 0, 4 Sqrt[2] π},

AxesLabel  {"t", "x,y"} PlotStyle  {Green, Blue}, PlotLegends  {"x[t]", "y[t]"}]

h2 = ParametricPlot[{x[t], y[t]} /. sol, {t, 0, 2 Sqrt[2] π}, AxesLabel  {"x", "y"}]

Show[GraphicsArray[{h1, h2}]]
{PlotStyle t, PlotStyle x,y}  { , }

1 x[t]

5 10 15
y[t]
-1

-2

-3

1.0

0.5

x
-3 -2 -1 1 2 3
-0.5

-1.0

GraphicsArray: GraphicsArray is obsolete. Switching to GraphicsGrid.

PlotStyle t, PlotStyle x,y}  { , } y

3 1.0
2 0.5
1
x
-1 5 10 15 -3 -2 -1
-0.5 1 2 3
-2 -1.0
-3

Q2: Solve the system of differential equation

x y
=y = (1-x^2)y - x
t t
x(0) = 1, y(0) = 1

Solution :
 NIDHI P3.nb 3

Sol1 = NDSolve[{x '[t]  y[t], y '[t]  (1 - x[t] ^ 2) * y[t] - x[t], x[0]  1, y[0]  1 },
{x[t], y[t]}, {t, 0, 30}]

Domain: {{0., 30.}}

x[t]  InterpolatingFunction Output: scalar
[t],

Domain: {{0., 30.}}

y[t]  InterpolatingFunction Output: scalar
[t]

k1 = Plot[{x[t] /. Sol1, y[t] /. Sol1},

{t, 0, 25}, AxesLabel  {"t", "x,y"}, PlotStyle  {Blue, Red}]
k2 = ParametricPlot[{x[t], y[t]} /. Sol1,
{t, 0, 25}, AxesLabel  {"x", "y"}, PlotStyle  Dotted]
Show[GraphicsArray[{k1, k2}]]

x,y

t
5 10 15 20 25

-1

-2
4 NIDHI P3.nb

x
-2 -1 1 2

-1

-2

GraphicsArray: GraphicsArray is obsolete. Switching to GraphicsGrid.

x,y
2

2
1
1
t x
5 10 15 20 25 -2 -1 1 2
-1
-1
-2

-2

Q3 Solve the system of differential equation

x y
=y +5x+2y=1
t t
x(0) = 0, y(0) = -1

Solution :
Sol2 = DSolve[
{x '[t]  y[t], y '[t]  - 5 * x[t] - 2 * y[t] + 1, x[0]  0, y[0]  - 1}, {x[t], y[t]}, t]
1
x[t]  -t - Cos[2 t] + t Cos[2 t]2 - 3 Sin[2 t] + t Sin[2 t]2 ,
5
y[t]  - -t (Cos[2 t] - Sin[2 t])
 NIDHI P3.nb 5

s1 = Plot[{x[t] /. Sol2, y[t] /. Sol2}, {t, 0, 3 π}, AxesLabel  {"t", "x,y"},

PlotStyle  {Pink, Cyan}, PlotLegends  {"x[t]", "y[t]"}]
s2 = ParametricPlot[{x[t], y[t]} /. Sol2, {t, 0, 3 π},
AxesLabel  {"X", "Y"}, PlotStyle  Dashed, PlotRange  {- 1, 0.5}]
Show[GraphicsArray[{s1, s2}]]
x,y

0.4

0.2
x[t]
y[t]
t
2 4 6 8

-0.2

0.4

0.2

X
-1.0 -0.5 0.5

-0.2

-0.4

-0.6

-0.8

-1.0

GraphicsArray: GraphicsArray is obsolete. Switching to GraphicsGrid.

0.4
y
0.2

X
-1.0 -0.5 0.5
-0.2
t -0.4
2 4 6 8
-0.6

-0.8

-1.0