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ThangNT 201920 Lab-Report

The document describes an experiment to determine the saturated vapor pressure of acetone at various temperatures and create a Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The experiment involves measuring the vapor pressure of acetone in a closed system as the temperature is increased incrementally. A graph of the logarithm of vapor pressure versus the inverse of temperature produces a straight line, allowing determination of the heat of vaporization and other properties based on the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Some errors were encountered due to incomplete removal of air bubbles but the experiment was successful in deriving a Clausius-Clapeyron equation for acetone.

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Thắng Nguyễn Tiến
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85 views4 pages

ThangNT 201920 Lab-Report

The document describes an experiment to determine the saturated vapor pressure of acetone at various temperatures and create a Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The experiment involves measuring the vapor pressure of acetone in a closed system as the temperature is increased incrementally. A graph of the logarithm of vapor pressure versus the inverse of temperature produces a straight line, allowing determination of the heat of vaporization and other properties based on the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Some errors were encountered due to incomplete removal of air bubbles but the experiment was successful in deriving a Clausius-Clapeyron equation for acetone.

Uploaded by

Thắng Nguyễn Tiến
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lab report overview

Find the saturated vapor pressure of acetone at various temperatures to


create the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.

Full name: Nguyen Tien Thang

Student ID: 2020 1920

Lecturer: Nguyen Duong Dinh

Application submission date : November 30, 20133

I. Introduction

If both processes take place in a confined space, the initial evaporation rate will be
greater than the condensation rate. However, since the evaporation rate remains
constant. Since the condensation rate increases gradually, the gas and liquid phases
are in kinetic equilibrium if the evaporation rate and condensation rate are the same
[ 1 ] . photograph First one:

How many liquid molecules evaporate in a unit time? And how many vapor
molecules condense to form a liquid ? Then the vapor pressure P remains constant
over time (T = constant) , is called the saturated vapor pressure, but is usually
shortened to vapor pressure . Solid is the vapor pressure of a substance in
equilibrium with a liquid or solid.
Vapor pressure depends on temperature according to the Clausius-Clapeyron
equation. where P is the saturated vapor pressure, T is the temperature,  is the heat
of vaporization, and R is the ideal gas constant. Conversion (1) and integration can
be considered over a relatively narrow temperature range.

That is, lnP is a linear function of 1/T. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation can be
used to estimate vapor pressure as a function of temperature. Alternatively, the
purpose of this experiment is to determine the heat of phase change from the vapor
pressure at two temperatures. Create the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. By finding
the saturated vapor pressure of acetone at different temperatures.

II. Methodology

The liquid used is acetone. Equipment used includes thermostats, voltage


regulators. The thermometer, barometer, and vacuum pump setup is shown in
Figure 2. Add ketones to the two branches of peach jars A and B (approximately
2/3 full) and connect them to pipe N.

First, we need to evacuate the liquid air in A, which will keep the thermostat at the
temperature T we want to measure, activate the suction pump, and slowly open
lock J. The gas pressure in pressure regulator C gradually decreases, liquid level
B2, M rises, and liquid level B1, L decreases. A bubble from outlet A expels air.
The thermostat is kept at temperature T. After confirming that the air above A has
been completely exhausted, close lock J. Then slowly open the K button and let air
in until B1 and B2 are equal. The K button will then turn off. Read the temperature
t, atmospheric pressure H, and differential pressure h. The air above A is purified,
so air bubbles from B cannot enter A. From the second measurement point
onwards, there is no need to purge the air.
After that, the temperature of the thermostat will increase by about 1-1.5 degrees
Celsius each time. vWe measured the vapor pressure P at the corresponding
temperature. Vapor pressure P was calculated according to the formula P = H – h
(mmHg). Approximately 6 to 8 values were measured. A result table has been
created. Then the graph lnP = f(1 /T) is drawn on the paper. Thermochemical vapor
 , constant B, The boiling point Ts was determined and the Clausius-Clapeyron
equation was presented.

III. Result

As shown in Figure 3, the graph of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation is a straight


line corresponding to the trend line lnP= -3557.47/T + 17.54. Experiments were
performed at 30°C. The atmospheric pressure measured during the experiment was
H 754.mm of mercury.Detailed experimental data are shown in Table 1, Appendix
1.
IV. Discussion

Graphing the results of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation is a straight line that


corresponds to the trend line. lnP = -3557.47/T + 17.54 Tg α is determined by the
ratio of the difference between the two values lnP and 1/T, and Tg α becomes
negative as the direction of the graph decreases. tgα cannot be determined by
measuring the angular ratio or length of adjacent opposite sides.

According to the Clausius-Caperon equation, the saturated vapor pressure P


changes with temperature T. As the temperature T increases, the saturated vapor
pressure P also increases. As the temperature increases, the temperature
decreases, so lnP(M)-lnP(N) increases.

There are many errors in graph creation (lnP – 1/T). There are many discrepancies
between individual results for various reasons. This could be due to failure to
remove all air bubbles or equipment installation error. If tank A contains air, the
vapor above tank A will mix with the working air and the pressure will increase the
coughing. The measurable harmonics are: It is no longer accurate and we need to
push out the liquid air in A to reduce the error.

V. Conclusion

of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation . The result is a line that matches the trend line
lnP= -3557.47/T + 17.54. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation can be used to estimate
vapor pressure as a function of temperature. The saturated vapor pressure P
depends on the temperature T. Before experimenting, carefully check the
temperature in the aquarium and remove any transparent bubbles.

VI. References

[1] Thi Nghiem Department of Physical Chemistry [Physical Chemistry


Experiment Manual] (Vietnamese) Hanoi University of Technology Publishing
House, 2022

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