Lecture 23

Topic - 3 Lecture- 23
STYLES OF
PACKAGING: NEWS
& NON-NEWS
Unit-III
Mixing and Exporting
Subject: Video Editing
By: Sumantra Sarathi Das

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OBJECTIVE OF LECTURE
Students would be able to :
􏰀
- Understand how news stories are packaged in
video.
- Understand how non-news stories are
packaged in video.
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Suggested further readings:
1.Herbert Zettl, TV production Handbook,

Thomas Wardsworth Publishing
2. Video Production, Vasuki Belavadi, Oxford
Publication
3. Millerson, G., & Millerson, G. (1999). Television
Production. Oxford: Focal Press,13 edition.
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Video Editing of Non-News programmes
- The major steps of video editing are same as

editing a news-story. But using same tools a bit
different make story much more appealing and of
human interest.
- After pre-production and production stage, the
news feature actually gets made on editing table
that is post-production. It is like now we have data
to process, and by using the video editing
software at its best use, we can make the data
presentable and watchable keeping in mind the
target audience.
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First Assembly
-The first assembly is when the action starts to pick
up for the video editor. Using the storyboard as a
foundation, you start making selections. Usable
footage is trimmed and marked, while the bad
takes are cast aside.
-You take all the usable footage, often times
multiple takes of the same shot, and place them in
sequence. The result is an extended video of each
potential shot for the final edit. This portion of the
process is for internal purposes, to be shared with
the director and producer.
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- Many directors like to make a paper edit. They

take notes while screening the selects of the first
assembly and then write out what clips they like
and don’t like, sometimes rearranging them into a
new order.
- B-roll (secondary shots) is also separated at this
time. Its content is logged and it is sorted into a
hierarchy according to the editor’s needs. This is
all contingent on the project as the organizational
needs of the footage are dependent on what’s
most needed for the video.
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Sound edit
Sound edit is very differently done when a news
story is packaged compared to a non-news one. A
non-news story is mainly thematic and according to
the topic.
For example: If we make a news feature on a
famous photographer who passed away, the music
on voice over, anchor links and titles will be low
volume, subtle and soothing. Here we can’t use
dramatic or high volume music. This is called
aesthetics in use of music. It should support or
compliment the visuals rather to distract or disturb
the viewers. 7 of 17
Editing Interviews
A news feature can have interviews longer in
duration as compared to news stories. Because
news features are made to give details of the topic
and sometimes interviews are enough to do this.
Also, there could be background music also for
interviews which give a nice environment to the
context or topic. It also sets the mood.
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Transitions and Graphics

We can use these heavily in the non-news stories
package. As it is clear that video editor working on
non-news stories has more freedom to experiment
with various transitions and graphics. Also he or
she has more time than news video editor to do a
hit and trial method. As there is no concept of
breaking news. There are plenty of options
available in a non-linear editing software to do this.
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The Rough Cut

- The structured organization of the first assembly
sets you up to make the rough cut. The rough cut
is the first true edit and is the stage in which you
start to display your craft as more than a technical
exercise. At this stage, it is no longer about solely
discovering and organizing footage, it’s about
storytelling and crafting a message, using the
footage from production as a foundation to achieve
the director’s vision.
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-Timing is vital to the rough cut. A video editor

influences the timing of a video more than any
other person who touches the production. It is
during the rough cut that you start to play with the
timing.
-Whether making fast cuts or extending pauses,
here you begin to create what will become an
emotional connection with the audience. The rough
cut is meant to be shared.
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- The video editor works with the director, producer

and a client, if it’s their project. Communication is
kept open between all parties and much dialog
takes place, helping to shape the overall edit. The
parties agree on what changes need to take place
before the edit moves on to the final cut.
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The Final Cut

-The final cut of an edit is when the cutting and
timing of the footage is finalized. It’s not the final
version of the video, ready for release, but it’s
awfully close. The edit at this stage is the one that
will be used for several finishing steps, all of which
need to synchronize perfectly with each other.
- For this reason, the final cut is often known as
picture lock or frame lock, meaning that the frames
in the edit will not change in time from this point
moving forward.
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-The final cut is not just about locking things down

however, it’s also about elimination. A scene might
be finalized, but that doesn’t ensure that it stays in
the production.
-Once all the scenes are cut and precisely timed,
you review them with the director and producer. If
there’s a scene that doesn’t work or doesn’t
contribute to the overall narrative of the video, it’s
eliminated.
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- First, visual effects and graphics are added to

the video. Most visual effects are planned out
during pre-production but aren’t generated until
post-production because the visual effects artist
needs know what footage they’re specifically
working with to make the effects seamless.
- Graphics are also planned in advance and are

fine tuned to coincide with the final edit.
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- What the audience will see on screen is only

part of their experience. After visual effects and
graphics are added, audio sweetening is
performed.
- The final cut is round tripped to an audio
editing suite, sometimes on the workstation, for
the placement and editing of sound effects and
musical underscores.
- Dialog is mixed down with these elements to
create an audio track that supports and carries
the accompanying video.
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Color Grading
-The final step before deliverables are rendered
and shipped is color grading. Color grading is the
stage in which you, or a colorist, manipulates
color and tonal qualities of the video image to craft
a unique look that helps set the mood for the
video and visually tell the story.
- The advent of digital cinema cameras, greater
computing power and more advanced codecs has
increased the implementation of color grading.
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Topic - 3 Lecture- 23

Subject: Video Editing

By: Sumantra Sarathi Das

Students would be able to :

1.Herbert Zettl, TV production Handbook,

- The major steps of video editing are same as

- Many directors like to make a paper edit. They

Transitions and Graphics

The Rough Cut

-Timing is vital to the rough cut. A video editor

- The video editor works with the director, producer

The Final Cut

-The final cut is not just about locking things down

- First, visual effects and graphics are added to

- Graphics are also planned in advance and are

- What the audience will see on screen is only

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