T600(E)(J31)T

NATIONAL CERTIFICATE

ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4
(15070434)
31 July 2017(X-Paper)
09:00–12:00

This question paper consists of 9 pages, 1 formula sheet and 1 information sheet.

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DEPARTMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE
ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4
TIME: 3 HOURS
MARKS: 100

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Answer ALL the questions.

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2. Read ALL the questions carefully.

3. Number the answers according to the numbering system used in this question

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paper.

4. Subsections of questions should be kept together.

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5. Rule off across the page on completion of each question.

6. ALL formulae should be shown in the answer. Show ALL calculations.

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7. Questions must be answered in blue or black ink.

8. ALL sketches and diagrams must be done in pencil.

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9. Take g = 9,8 m/s2.

10. Write neatly and legibly.

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QUESTION 1: GENERAL

1.1 Define the following:

1.1.1 Angular velocity

1.1.2 Braking force

(2 × 1) (2)

1.2 Draw a neat, fully labelled stress-strain graph of a material subjected to a

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tensile force.

NOTE: The graph should start from no force applied to the material until the
yield point. (4)

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1.3 Explain Boyle's gas law showing the statement, the equation, and the sketch. (4)

1.4 State each of the following laws:

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1.4.1 Hooke's law rs (1)

1.4.2 Newton's first law of motion (2)

1.5 Explain what is meant by the following characteristic of pressure in the

volume of liquid:
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Pressure is directly proportional to the depth of the liquid. (1)

1.6 Give an example to explain the characteristic of pressure stated in

QUESTION 1.6. (2)
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1.7 What is the function of a hydraulic accumulator? (2)

[18]
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QUESTION 2: KINEMATICS

2.1 A jet takes off at a speed of 380 km/h in the direction N32°W. The plane is
then blown off course by a 110 km/h wind from the direction W50°S.

2.1.1 Draw a detailed velocity vector diagram of the above. (2)

2.1.2 Determine the resultant velocity (with its direction). (4)

2.2 Two vehicles move simultaneously. Vehicle P moves at 210 km/h west while

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the velocity of P relative to Q 200 km/h east. Vehicle Q moves in an easterly
direction.

Calculate the velocity of vehicle Q. (4)

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2.3 A canon on the ground fires a rocket at 30° and hits a school which was
horizontally 210 m away (on the ground).

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Calculate the following:

2.3.1 The initial velocity of the rocket

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2.3.2 The total time it took the rocket to travel and hit the school at the
velocity calculated in QUESTION 2.3.1.
(2 × 2) (4)
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[14]
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QUESTION 3: ANGULAR MOTION

Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the
answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question number (3.1.1–3.2.3) in the
ANSWER BOOK.

A wheel with a diameter of 0,51m makes a constant rotational frequency of

880 r/min.

Determine the following:

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3.1 The angular velocity at any moment:

A 3,74 rad/s2

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B 7,48 rad/s
C 224,4 rad/s
D 92,153 rad/s

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3.2 The angular displacement during 3 seconds:

A 673,2 rad
B 11,22 rad
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C 224,4 rad
D 276,460 rad
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The flywheel rotates at 920 r/min and accelerates to 2 300 r/min in 63 revolutions.

Calculate the following:

3.3 The angular displacement:

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A 2415,01 rad
B 395,841 rad
C 813,882 rad
D 240,855 rad
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3.4 The angular acceleration:

A 25,414 rad/s2
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B 35,904 rad/s2
C 45,714 rad/s2
D 61,552 rad/s2
(4 × 2) [8]

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QUESTION 4: DYNAMICS

4.1 A vehicle with a mass of 820 kg moves at a kinetic energy of 800 kJ. It takes
the vehicle 8 seconds to reduce its speed to 20 m/s within 95 m. The
resistance to motion is 0,262 N/kg.

Calculate the following:

4.1.1 Deceleration of the vehicle (3)

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4.1.2 Braking force of the vehicle (3)

4.1.3 Kinetic energy of the vehicle after 8 seconds (1)

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4.1.4 Braking force of the vehicle if it were to brake ascending a slope of
10° in the same conditions as when on a horizontal road. (3)
[10]

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QUESTION 5: STATICS

5.1 50N
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50N/m
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25kN/m

3m 4m
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A B
12m

FIGURE 1
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NOTE: The magnitude of A and B are 121,875 N and 278,125 N respectively.

Draw the following:

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5.1.1 A detailed shear-force diagram of the above beam (2)

5.1.2 The magnitude of the bending moments at the principal points (4)

5.1.3 A detailed bending-moment diagram (4)

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5.2 Φ = 80 mm

240 mm 180 mm
hole

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A120 mm B D

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240 mm 120 mm
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FIGURE 2

Use the information above and calculate the position of the centroids A–E or
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the x-coordinate. (6)
[16]

QUESTION 6: HYDRAULICS
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6.1 The ratio of the diameter of the plunger of a hydraulic press to that of the ram
is 2 : 5 while the stroke length of the plunger is 380 mm. The efficiency of the
press is 95,6 % when the plunger makes 80 working strokes to lift the load of
2,1 tons.
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Calculate the following:

6.1.1 The mechanical advantage of the press if the force on the handle is
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311,4 N (5)

6.1.2 The distance the ram moved (2)

6.2 The plunger of a three-cylinder single-acting pump has a diameter of 280 mm

and a stroke length of 390 mm. The crankshaft speed is 333,33 r/min.

Calculate the volume of water delivered per hour if the slip is 4,4%. (3)

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6.3 A dam full of water has a diameter of 28 m and a height of 18 m and it is

drained through irrigation sprinklers at a pressure of 1 200 Pa.

Calculate the following:

6.3.1 The work done to pump all the water from the dam (3)

6.3.2 The power required to empty the dam in 12 hours (2)

[15]

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QUESTION 7: STRESS, STRAIN, AND YOUNG'S MODULUS OF ELASTICITY

7.1 A square bar with sides of 120 mm and 0,95 m is axially loaded by a tensile
force of 300 kN. Young's modulus of elasticity for the bar is 110 GPa.

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Calculate the following:

7.1.1 The stress in the bar

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7.1.2 The total extension in the bar
(2 × 2) (4)
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7.2 The diameter of the steel cable of a lift is 24,4 mm and Young's modulus of
elasticity of steel is 209 GPa. The cable is 31 m long when the lift is at ground
level.
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Calculate the extension of the cable when a mass of 0,88 tons is loaded into
the lift. (5)
[9]
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QUESTION 8: HEAT

8.1 A cylinder contains 0,84 m3 oxygen at a temperature of 20 °C and a pressure

of 1 580 kPa. The temperature increases to 58 °C while the pressure remains
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constant.

8.1.1 Determine the final volume of the gas. (3)

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8.1.2 State the gas law that is applied in the experiment in

QUESTION 8.1.1. (1)

8.1.3 Give a reason for the answer in QUESTION 8.1.2. (1)

8.2 A certain gas has a mass of 0,19 kg and a volume of 54,772 liters at an
absolute pressure of 220 kPa and a temperature of 31 °C.

Determine the constant of this gas. (2)

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8.3 An air balloon at the bottom of a dip hole is filled with gas of a volume of
1.56 m3 at a temperature of 11 °C and a pressure of 420 kPa. The balloon
rises to the surface where the pressure is 101,3 kPa and the temperature is
31 °C.

Calculate the size of the balloon in m3 when it reaches the surface. (3)
[10]

TOTAL: 100

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(15070434) T600(E)(J31)T

ENGINEERING SCIENCE N4

FORMULA SHEET

Any other applicable formula may also be used.

u2 Q = mct
L= sin 2  = u + at
g
l = lot

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u
t L = 2 sin   2 = u 2 + 2as
g  = 2
s 1 2
V= s = ut + at  = 3
2

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t

P = F P1V1 P2V2
=
 = 2n T1 T2

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Fa = ma
S = R
PV = mRT
 = 2N E p = mgh

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= 1 2 =
x
t Ek = mv l
2
 2 = 1 + t u +
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 ave = 
2 E=
 =  + 2
2
2
2
1 
1 F
 = 1t + t 2 P= F
2 A  =
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m =   vol A
 = R
 = Dn P = gh
Fl
E=
a = R Ax
Wr D 2
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=
 = FR Fp d 2 A1 y1  A2 y2 ...
y=
A1  A2 ...
Work =  = WD
Fp 100
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P = 2nT
M .A = . = H .V 1 y1   2 y2 ...
Fh  y=
 = u + at 1   2 ...
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P = T V s = Va .
 Centroid of half a circle is 0,424r
h
N Centroid of triangle is C =
n= Work . = Press  Vol = A .V . 3
60 Centre of gravity of half a circle
3
is G = r
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(15070434) T600(E)(J31)T

INFORMATION SHEET

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

QUANTITY CONSTANTS
Atmospheric pressure 101,3 kPa
Density of copper 8 900 kg/m3
Density of aluminum 2 770 kg/m3

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Density of gold 19 000 kg/m3
Density of alcohol (ethyl) 790 kg/m3
Density of mercury 13 600 kg/m3

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Density of platinum 21 500 kg/m3
Density of water 1 000 kg/m3
Density of mineral oil 920 kg/m3

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Density of air 1,05 kg/m3
Electrochemical equivalent of silver 1,118 mg/C
Electrochemical equivalent of copper
rs0,329 mg/C
Gravitational acceleration 9,8 m/s2
Heat value of coal 30 MJ/kg
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Heat value of anthracite 35 MJ/kg

Heat value of petrol 45 MJ/kg
Heat value of hydrogen 140 MJ/kg
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Linear coefficient of expansion of copper 17 × 10-6/°C

Linear coefficient of expansion of aluminum 23 × 10-6/°C
Linear coefficient of expansion of steel 12 × 10-6/°C
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Linear coefficient of expansion of lead 54 × 10-6/°C

Specific heat capacity of steam 2 100 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of water 4 187 J/kg.°C
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Specific heat capacity of aluminum 900 J/kg.°C

Specific heat capacity of oil 2 000 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of steel 500 J/kg.°C
Specific heat capacity of copper 390 J/kg.°C

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