Iec 62485 2 2010 FR en PDF

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IEC 62485-2
®
Edition 1.0 2010-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE colour
inside
Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations –

Part 2: Stationary batteries
Exigences de sécurité pour les batteries d’accumulateurs et les installations

de batteries –
Partie 2: Batteries stationnaires
IEC 62485-2:2010
Copyright © IEC, 2010, Geneva, Switzerland. All rights reserved. Sold by SIS under license from IEC and SEK.
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IEC 62485-2
®
Edition 1.0 2010-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE colour
inside
Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations –

Exigences de sécurité pour les batteries d’accumulateurs et les installations

de batteries –
Partie 2: Batteries stationnaires
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE PRICE CODE
CODE PRIX W
ICS 29.220.20; 29.220.30 ISBN 978-2-88910-996-8
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
–2– 62485-2 © IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD...........................................................................................................................4
INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................6
1 Scope ...............................................................................................................................7
2 Normative references........................................................................................................7
3 Terms and definitions .......................................................................................................8
4 Protection against electric shock ..................................................................................... 10
4.1 General ................................................................................................................. 10
4.2 Protection against direct contact ............................................................................ 11
4.3 Protection against indirect contact ......................................................................... 11
4.3.1 Protection by automatic disconnection of supply ......................................... 12
4.3.2 Protection by use of class II equipment or by equivalent insulation ............. 16
4.3.3 Protection by electrical separation .............................................................. 16
4.4 Protection against both direct and indirect contact.................................................. 16
4.4.1 General ..................................................................................................... 16
4.4.2 Protection by Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) or by Protective Extra
Low Voltage (PELV) ................................................................................... 16
4.4.3 Protection by Functional Extra Low Voltage (FELV) without protective
separation ................................................................................................. 17
5 Disconnection and separation ......................................................................................... 17
6 Prevention of short circuits and protection from other effects of electric current ............... 17
6.1 General ................................................................................................................. 17
6.2 Short-circuits ......................................................................................................... 18
6.3 Protective measures during maintenance ............................................................... 18
6.4 Leakage currents ................................................................................................... 19
7 Provisions against explosion hazards .............................................................................. 19
7.1 Gas generation ...................................................................................................... 19
7.2 Ventilation requirements ........................................................................................ 19
7.3 Natural ventilation.................................................................................................. 21
7.4 Forced ventilation .................................................................................................. 22
7.5 Charging modes .................................................................................................... 22
7.6 Overcharging under fault conditions ....................................................................... 22
7.7 Close vicinity to the battery .................................................................................... 22
7.8 Prevention of electrostatic discharges when working with batteries ......................... 23
8 Provision against electrolyte hazard ................................................................................ 23
8.1 Electrolyte and water ............................................................................................. 23
8.2 Protective clothing ................................................................................................. 23
8.3 Accidental contact and "First Aid"........................................................................... 23
8.3.1 General ..................................................................................................... 23
8.3.2 Eye contact................................................................................................ 24
8.3.3 Skin contact............................................................................................... 24
8.4 Battery accessories and maintenance tools ............................................................ 24
9 Accommodation, housing ................................................................................................ 24
9.1 General ................................................................................................................. 24
9.2 Specific requirements for separate battery rooms................................................... 24
9.3 Specific requirements for the specially separated areas in rooms
accommodating electrical equipment ..................................................................... 25
62485-2 © IEC:2010 –3–
9.4
Battery enclosures ................................................................................................. 25
9.5
Working on or near batteries.................................................................................. 26
9.5.1 Working distances within battery rooms ..................................................... 26
9.5.2 Remarks on special work in battery rooms ................................................. 26
9.6 Accommodation of lead-acid and NiCd batteries in the same room ......................... 26
10 Charge current requirements .......................................................................................... 26
10.1 Superimposed ripple current .................................................................................. 26
10.2 Maximum ripple current ......................................................................................... 27
11 Identification labels, warning notices and instructions for use, installation and
maintenance ................................................................................................................... 27
11.1 Warning labels and notices in rooms...................................................................... 27
11.2 Identification labels or marking on cells and monobloc batteries ............................. 27
11.3 Instructions for use, installation and maintenance .................................................. 28
12 Transportation, storage, disposal and environmental aspects .......................................... 28
12.1 Packing and transport ............................................................................................ 28
12.2 Dismantling, disposal, and recycling of batteries .................................................... 28
13 Inspection and monitoring ............................................................................................... 28
Annex A (informative) Charging methods and modes of operation......................................... 30
Annex B (informative) Calculation of safety distance d to protect against explosion
hazards................................................................................................................................. 34
Bibliography .......................................................................................................................... 37
Figure 1 – TN system with separate protective conductor (PE) in the entire system (TN-
S network) ............................................................................................................................ 13
Figure 2 – TN system with functional earthing and protective (FPE, PEN) combined with
an external line conductor (TN-C system) .............................................................................. 13
Figure 3 – TT system ............................................................................................................ 14
Figure 4 – IT system ............................................................................................................. 15
Figure 5 – Converters with intermediate DC circuit (IT-system) (Example) ............................. 15
Figure A.1 – Parallel operation mode circuit........................................................................... 30
Figure A.2 – Battery charge current interlaced with frequent temporary discharge events
due to a load current exceeding the current supply capability ................................................. 31
Figure A.3 – Response mode operation circuit ....................................................................... 32
Figure A.4 – IU-or CC-CV charge profile................................................................................ 32
Figure A.5 – Time dependant profile of current I and voltage U .............................................. 32
Figure B.1 – Safety distance d as a function of the rated capacity for various charge
currents I (mA/Ah) ................................................................................................................. 36
Table 1 – Values for current I when charging with IU- or U-charging profiles (see also
Annex A) ............................................................................................................................... 21
Table 2 – Recommended upper limits of AC ripple current flowing through the battery
as I eff per 100 Ah rated battery capacity................................................................................ 27
Table A.1 – Float charge voltages for lead-acid and NiCd batteries ........................................ 30
Table A.2 – Typical charge voltage levels at 20 °C................................................................. 33
–4– 62485-2 © IEC:2010
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES

AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS –
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
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with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
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Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62485-2 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 21:
Secondary cells and batteries.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting

21/711/FDIS 21/718/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 62485 series can be found, under the general title Safety
requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations, on the IEC website.
62485-2 © IEC:2010 –5–
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
–6– 62485-2 © IEC:2010
INTRODUCTION
The described safety requirements comprise the protective measures to protect from hazards
generated by the electricity, the electrolyte, and the explosive gases when using secondary
batteries. In addition measures are described to maintain the functional safety of batteries and
battery installations.
For the electrical safety (protection against electric shock) under Clause 4, this standard refers
to IEC 60364-4-41. The pilot function of this standard is fully observed by indication of cross-
reference numbers of the relevant clauses, but interpretation is given where adoption to direct
current (DC) circuits is required.
This safety standard comes into force with the date of publication and applies to all new
batteries and battery installations. Previous installations are intended to conform to the existing
national standards at the time of installation. In case of redesign of old installations this
standard applies.
Valve-regulated lead-acid batteries used in stationary battery installations are intended to fulfil
safety requirements in accordance to IEC 60896-21 and IEC 60896-22.
62485-2 © IEC:2010 –7–
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES

AND BATTERY INSTALLATIONS –
1 Scope
This part of the IEC 62485 applies to stationary secondary batteries and battery installations
with a maximum voltage of DC 1 500 V (nominal) and describes the principal measures for
protections against hazards generated from:
– electricity,
– gas emission,
– electrolyte.
This International Standard provides requirements on safety aspects associated with the
erection, use, inspection, maintenance and disposal.
It covers lead-acid and NiCd / NiMH batteries.
Examples for the main applications are:
– telecommunications,
– power station operation,
– central emergency lighting and alarm systems,
– uninterruptible power supplies,
– stationary engine starting,
– photovoltaic systems.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60364-4-41, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-41: Protection for safety –
Protection against electric shock
IEC 60364-4-43, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-43: Protection for safety –
Protection against overcurrent
IEC 60364-5-53, Electrical installations of buildings – Part 5-53: Selection and erection of
electrical equipment – Isolation, switching and control
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60622:2002, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes –Sealed nickel cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
IEC 60623:2001, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes –Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells
–8– 62485-2 © IEC:2010
IEC 60664-1, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems – Part 1:
Principles, requirements and tests
IEC/TR 60755, General requirements for residual current operated protective devices
IEC 60896-11:2002, Stationary lead-acid batteries – Part 11: Vented types – General
requirements and methods of tests
IEC 60896-21:2004, Stationary lead-acid batteries – Part 21: Valve regulated types – Methods
of test
IEC 60896-22:2004, Stationary lead-acid batteries – Part 22: Valve regulated types –
Requirements
IEC 60900, Live working – Hand tools for use up to 1 000 V a.c. and 1 500 V d.c.
IEC 61140, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment
IEC 61340-4-1, Electrostatics – Part 4-1: Standard test methods for specific applications –
Electrical resistance of floor coverings and installed floors
IEC 61660-1, Short-circuit currents in d.c. auxiliary installations in power plants and
substations – Part 1: Calculation of short-circuit currents
IEC 61660-2, Short-circuit currents in d.c. auxiliary installations in power plants and
substations – Part 2: Calculation of effects
IEC 62259:2003, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline and other non-acid
electrolytes – Nickel cadmium prismatic secondary single cells with partial gas recombination
ISO 3864 (all parts), Graphical symbols – Safety colours and safety signs
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
(secondary) cell
(rechargeable) cell
single cell
assembly of electrodes and electrolyte which constitutes the basic unit of a secondary battery
NOTE This assembly is contained in an individual case and closed by a cover.
3.2
vented (secondary) cell
secondary cell having a cover provided with an opening through which gaseous products may
escape
3.3
valve regulated (secondary) cell
secondary cell which is closed under normal conditions but has an arrangement which allows
the escape of gas if the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value. The cell cannot
normally receive addition to the electrolyte
62485-2 © IEC:2010 –9–
3.4
gastight sealed (secondary) cell
secondary cell which remains closed and does not release either gas or liquid when operated
within the limits of charge and temperature specified by the manufacturer. The cell may be
equipped with a safety device to prevent dangerously high internal pressure. The cell does not
require addition to the electrolyte and is designed to operate during its life in its original sealed
state
3.5
secondary battery
two or more secondary cells connected together and used as a source of electrical energy
3.6
lead dioxide-lead (acid) battery
secondary battery with an aqueous electrolyte based on dilute sulphuric acid, a positive
electrode of lead dioxide and a negative electrode of lead
3.7
nickel oxide-cadmium battery
secondary battery with an alkaline electrolyte, a positive electrode containing nickel oxide and
a negative electrode of cadmium
3.8
stationary battery
secondary battery which is designed for service in a fixed location and is not habitually moved
from place to place during the operating life. It is permanently connected to the d.c power
supply (fixed installation)
3.9
monobloc battery
battery with multiple separate but electrically connected cell compartments each of which is
designed to house an assembly of electrodes, electrolyte, terminals and interconnections and
possible separator
NOTE The cells in a monobloc battery can be connected in series or parallel.
3.10
electrolyte
liquid or solid substance containing mobile ions which render it ionically conductive
NOTE The electrolyte may be liquid, solid or a gel.
3.11
gassing
gas emission
evolution of gas resulting from the electrolysis of water in the electrolyte of a cell
3.12
charge
charging (of a battery)
operation during which a secondary cell or battery is supplied with electrical energy from an
external circuit which results in chemical changes within a cell and thus storage of energy as
chemical energy occurs
3.13
battery on float charge
secondary battery whose terminals are permanently connected to a source of constant voltage
sufficient to maintain the battery approximately fully charged, and which is intended to supply
power to an electrical circuit, if the normal supply is temporarily interrupted

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Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations –

Exigences de sécurité pour les batteries d’accumulateurs et les installations

THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED

IEC Central Office

About the IEC

Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations –

Exigences de sécurité pour les batteries d’accumulateurs et les installations

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

–2– 62485-2 © IEC:2010

62485-2 © IEC:2010 –3–

–4– 62485-2 © IEC:2010

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES

Part 2: Stationary batteries

The text of this standard is based on the following documents:

FDIS Report on voting

62485-2 © IEC:2010 –5–

–6– 62485-2 © IEC:2010

62485-2 © IEC:2010 –7–

SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES

Part 2: Stationary batteries

It covers lead-acid and NiCd / NiMH batteries.

Examples for the main applications are:

IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

–8– 62485-2 © IEC:2010

3 Terms and definitions

NOTE This assembly is contained in an individual case and closed by a cover.

62485-2 © IEC:2010 –9–

NOTE The cells in a monobloc battery can be connected in series or parallel.

NOTE The electrolyte may be liquid, solid or a gel.

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