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LDR Project Report

The document describes a simple circuit to detect darkness using a light dependent resistor (LDR). The circuit consists of an LDR, LED, 1k ohm resistor, BC547 transistor, 9V battery, breadboard and connecting wires. When light falls on the LDR, its resistance is high and the LED remains off. In darkness, the LDR's resistance drops, allowing current to flow through the transistor and illuminating the LED, indicating darkness is detected. The circuit diagram and working principle are provided, along with potential applications of automation and integration into other projects.

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taibaarshad85
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710 views4 pages

LDR Project Report

The document describes a simple circuit to detect darkness using a light dependent resistor (LDR). The circuit consists of an LDR, LED, 1k ohm resistor, BC547 transistor, 9V battery, breadboard and connecting wires. When light falls on the LDR, its resistance is high and the LED remains off. In darkness, the LDR's resistance drops, allowing current to flow through the transistor and illuminating the LED, indicating darkness is detected. The circuit diagram and working principle are provided, along with potential applications of automation and integration into other projects.

Uploaded by

taibaarshad85
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Absence of light is what causes darkness, and we can automatically detect darkness or intensity

of light using a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR). The circuit can be integrated with other

electronics circuits or projects to control lights of a small bulb for automating lighting of

something as large as whole city’s street lights. In this project, we will be making a

simple Darkness Detector circuit.

Components Required to build Darkness Detector


The darkness detection circuit is a very simple circuit and requires very few components, the

complete list of components is mentioned below:

 LDR
 LED

 1K ohm - Resistor

 BC547 – BJT

 9V battery

 Breadboard

 Connecting Wires

Working Principle
The circuit is based around LDR which is also called a photoresistor. The resistance of LDR is

dependent on the intensity of light. The 50k resistor and the LDR makes a voltage divider

circuit. When the intensity of light falling on the LDR is high, it will have a higher resistance

and hence the voltage divider will give a low output to the base pin of the BC547 BJT. BC547 is

a NPN transistor, and when the BJT is in on-state, i.e. the emitter-base junction is in forward

biased condition. The electronic path for our LED is completed and hence the LED illuminates.

Circuit Diagram
For making the circuit, we connect a battery parallel to an LED with a 1K ohm resistor, the

positive terminal or longer leg of LED is connected to the end of resistor and the negative

terminal or shorter leg of LED is connected to the collector of our BJT. The emitter of BJT is

connected to the negative terminal of the battery and the base of the BJT is connected to the

junction connecting the LDR and a 50K ohm resistor. The other end of 50k resistor is connected

to the positive rail of battery and the other end of the LDR is connected to the negative rail of the

battery. For simplifying the connections, we have connected everything in a breadboard. The

circuit diagram of the darkness detector is given below:

After connecting the components in a breadboard, we tested it by blocking the light falling on the

LDR and the circuit worked perfectly. To see it in action, you can check the video at the bottom

of the page.
Conclusion
A darkness detector circuit using LDR is a very simple circuit which can have many applications

in the real world. This project requires very few components and is a cool system for your first

electronics project. You can use this circuit as a subsystem and integrate it in your future

projects. I hoped you enjoyed reading about this project and are ready to build your own

darkness detector.

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