Scribd
Upload
95 views

Module 1 Introduction To Statics

This document provides an introduction to statics, which is the branch of mechanics that analyzes and predicts the conditions of rest or non-accelerated motion of objects under the action of forces. It discusses Newton's laws of motion, basic concepts like particles, rigid bodies, and units of measurement. Newton's first law describes static equilibrium where the net force and acceleration are both zero. The document defines key terms and concepts important for understanding statics.

Uploaded by

Jamjam Jovero
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
95 views

Module 1 Introduction To Statics

This document provides an introduction to statics, which is the branch of mechanics that analyzes and predicts the conditions of rest or non-accelerated motion of objects under the action of forces. It discusses Newton's laws of motion, basic concepts like particles, rigid bodies, and units of measurement. Newton's first law describes static equilibrium where the net force and acceleration are both zero. The document defines key terms and concepts important for understanding statics.

Uploaded by

Jamjam Jovero
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Introduction to Statics:

The Newtonian Mechanics


(MERIAM, 3/2012)

MERIAM, J. L. (3/2012). ENGINEERING MECHANICS: STATICS, SI VERS ION, 7TH EDITION


[VITALSOURCE BOOKSHELF VERSION]. RETRIEVED FROM VBK://978111837 9585

(SHEPPARD, 2017-05-19)

SHEPPARD, S. D., ANAGNOS, T., BILLINGTON, S. L. (2017-05-19). ENGINEERING


MECHANICS: STATICS [VITALSOURCE BOOKSHELF VERSION]. RETRIEVED F ROM
VBK://9781119321996
Introduction

Mechanics – is the physical science which deals with the effects of forces on objects.

The principles of mechanics as a science are rigorously expressed by mathematics, and thus, mathematics
plays an important role in the application of these principles to the solution of practical problems.

The subject of mechanics is divide into two parts: statics, which concerns the equilibrium of bodies under
action of forces, and dynamics, which concerns the motion of bodies.
Newton’s Laws

1st Law: An object will remain at rest (if originally at rest) or will move with constant speed in a straight line (if
originally in motion) if the resultant force acting on the object is zero. Another way of stating the same law is
that an object originally at rest, or moving in a straight line with constant velocity will remain in this state
provided the object is acted on by balanced forces.

2nd law: If the resultant force acting on an object is not zero, the object will have an acceleration proportional
to the magnitude of the resultant force and in the direction of this resultant force.

3rd law: The forces exerted by two objects on each other are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

We use the 1st and 3rd laws extensively to describe situations where objects are at rest or are moving at
constant velocity as a result of being acted on by balanced forces. We call these situations “static”. This
course is about static analysis, which is often simply referred to as statics. The 2nd law says that if an object
is acted upon by an unbalanced force F, the object experiences acceleration a in the same direction as the
force. This area of engineering, closely related to statics, that also embodies analysis based on Newton’s
laws except that the object is moving at a nonconstant velocity, is referred to as dynamics.
Basic Concepts

Space is the geometric region occupied by bodies whose positions are described by linear and angular measurements relative to
a coordinate system. For three-dimensional problems, three independent coordinates [x,y,z] are needed. For two- dimensional
problems, only two coordinates [x,y] are required.

Particle is a body of negligible dimensions. In the mathematical sense, a particle is a body whose dimensions are considered to
be near zero so that we may analyze it as a mass concentrated at a point. We may treat a body as a particle when its dimensions
are irrelevant to the description of its position or the action of forces applied to it.

Rigid body. A body is considered rigid when the change in distance between any two of its points is negligible for the purpose at
hand, or, if a body does not deform despite a force or forces acting on it.

Quantifying, Manipulating and Measuring Properties of Objects:

Length is a description of distance.

Mass is a measure of the inertia of a body, which is its resistance to a change in velocity. It can also be thought of as the quantity
of matter in a body. The mass of a body affects the gravitational attraction force between it and other bodies.

Force is the action of one body on another. A force tends to move a body in the direction of its action. The action of a force is
characterized by its magnitude, by the direction of its action, and by its point of application. Thus force is a vector quantity.
Units in Engineering Analysis

Standard Measures
SI Units

As shown in the table (in the previous slide), the standard measure
of length in the SI system is the meter. Often engineers deal with
lengths that are much larger or smaller than a meter. It may be
more appropriate to deal with multiples or submultiples of a meter.

The standard measure of mass in the SI system is the kilogram


(kg), defined as the mass of a particular platinum-iridium cylinder
kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures near
Paris. From the table beside, we see that the prefix of “kilo” means
that this standard has a mass of 1000 grams. Engineers work with
a range of mass sizes, from the very large to very small.

The standard unit of force in the SI system is the newton (N). One
newton is equal to the force required to give 1 kilogram of mass an
acceleration of 1 m/s2. [ 1kg · 1m/s2 = 1 kg · m/s2 = 1 N ]
US Customary Units (English Units)

The standard measure of length in this system is the foot. The standard measure of force is pound (lb). The
standard unit of mass is called the slug and is derived from the foot, second and pound using Newton’s 2nd
law. One pound is equal to the force required to give 1 slug of mass an acceleration of 1 ft/s2. [ 1slug · 1ft/s2
= 1 slug · ft/s2 = 1 lb ]

No matter which system of units you are working with, it is imperative that you use consistent units. For
example, if you are using kilometers as the measure of length, make sure that you use kilometers
consistently for all measures of length in the problem. Do not mix with feet or miles. Sometimes you may
need to convert quantities from one measurement to another. The next table lists some conversion factors
for going between US Customary units and SI units.
Conversion Factors

You might also like