1 Full Journal name
1 Type of the Paper (Article, Review, Communication, etc.)
2 Title
4 Firstname Lastname 1, Firstname Lastname 2 and Firstname Lastname 2,*
5 1
Affiliation 1; [email protected]
6 2
Affiliation 2; [email protected]
7 * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: (optional; include country code; if there are multiple
8 corresponding authors, add author initials) +xx-xxxx-xxx-xxxx (F.L.)
9 Received: date; Accepted: date; Published: date
10 Simple Summary: It is vitally important that scientists are able to describe their work simply and
11 concisely to the public, especially in an open-access on-line journal. The simple summary consists
12 of no more than 200 words in one paragraph and contains a clear statement of the problem
13 addressed, the aims and objectives, pertinent results, conclusions from the study and how they
14 will be valuable to society. This should be written for a lay audience, i.e., no technical terms
15 without explanations. No references are cited and no abbreviations.
16 Abstract: A single paragraph of about 250 words maximum. For research articles, abstracts should
17 give a pertinent overview of the work. We strongly encourage authors to use the following style of
18 structured abstracts, with headings: (1) Background: Place the question addressed in a broad
19 context and highlight the purpose of the study; (2) Materials and Methods: Describe briefly the
20 main methods or treatments applied; (3) Results: Summarize the article's main findings; and (4)
21 Conclusions: Indicate the main conclusions or interpretations. The abstract should be an objective
22 representation of the article, it must not contain results which are not presented and substantiated
23 in the main text and should not exaggerate the main conclusions.
24 Keywords: keyword 1; keyword 2; keyword 3; keyword 4; keyword 5; keyword 5 (List six to ten
25 pertinent keywords specific to the article; yet reasonably common within the subject discipline.)
26
27 0. How to Use This Template
28 The template details the sections that can be used in a manuscript. Note that each section has a
29 corresponding style, which can be found in the ‘Styles’ menu of Word. Sections that are not
30 mandatory are listed as such. The section titles given are for Articles. Review papers and other
31 article types have a more flexible structure.
32 Remove this paragraph and start section numbering with 1. For any questions, please contact
33 the editorial office of the journal or
[email protected]34 1. Introduction
35 The introduction should briefly place the study in a broad context and highlight why it is
36 important. It should define the purpose of the work and its significance. The current state of the
37 research field should be reviewed carefully and key publications cited. Please highlight
38 controversial and diverging hypotheses when necessary. Finally, briefly mention the main aim of
39 the work and highlight the principal conclusions. As far as possible, please keep the introduction
40 comprehensible to scientists outside your particular field of research. References should be
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41 numbered in order of appearance and indicated by a numeral or numerals in square brackets, e.g.,
42 [1] or [2,3], or [4–6]. See the end of the document for further details on references.
43 2. Materials and Methods
44 Materials and Methods should be described with sufficient details to allow others to replicate
45 and build on published results. Please note that publication of your manuscript implicates that you
46 must make all materials, data, computer code, and protocols associated with the publication
47 available to readers. Please disclose at the submission stage any restrictions on the availability of
48 materials or information. New methods and protocols should be described in detail while well-
49 established methods can be briefly described and appropriately cited.
50 Research manuscripts reporting large datasets that are deposited in a publicly available
51 database should specify where the data have been deposited and provide the relevant accession
52 numbers. If the accession numbers have not yet been obtained at the time of submission, please
53 state that they will be provided during the review. They must be provided prior to publication.
54 Interventionary studies involving animals or humans, and other studies require ethical approval
55 must list the authority that provided approval and the corresponding ethical approval code.
56 3. Results
57 This section may be divided by subheadings. It should provide a concise and precise
58 description of the experimental results, their interpretation as well as the experimental conclusions
59 that can be drawn.
60 3.1. Subsection
61 3.1.1. Subsubsection
62 Bulleted lists look like this:
63 First bullet
64 Second bullet
65 Third bullet
66 Numbered lists can be added as follows:
67 1. First item
68 2. Second item
69 3. Third item
70 The text continues here.
71 3.2. Figures, Tables and Schemes
72 All figures and tables should be cited in the main text as Figure 1, Table 1, etc.
(a) (b)
73 Figure 1. This is a figure, Schemes follow the same formatting. If there are multiple panels, they
74 should be listed as: (a) Description of what is contained in the first panel; (b) Description of what is
5 Full Journal Name, 2019, FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 7
75 contained in the second panel. Figures should be placed in the main text near to the first time they
76 are cited. A caption on a single line should be centered.
6 Full Journal Name, 2019, FOR PEER REVIEW 4 of 7
77 Table 1. This is a table. Tables should be placed in the main text near to the first time they are cited.
Title 1 Title 2 Title 3
entry 1 data data
entry 2 data data 1
78 1
Tables may have a footer.
79 3.3. Formatting of Mathematical Components
80 Advice on Equations
81 Equations should be provided in a text format, rather than as an image. Microsoft Word’s
82 equation tool is acceptable. Equations should be numbered consecutively, in round
83 brackets, on the right-hand side of the page. They should be referred to as Equation 1, etc.
84 in the main text.
85
−b ± √ b2−4 ac (1)
86 x=
2a
87 Theorem-type environments (including propositions, lemmas, corollaries etc.) can be formatted as
88 follows:
89 Theorem 1. Example text of a theorem. Theorems, propositions, lemmas, etc. should be numbered
90 sequentially (i.e., Proposition 2 follows Theorem 1). Examples or Remarks use the same formatting, but
91 should be numbered separately, so a document may contain Theorem 1, Remark 1 and Example 1.
92 The text continues here. Proofs must be formatted as follows:
93 Proof of Theorem 1. Text of the proof. Note that the phrase ‘of Theorem 1’ is optional if it is clear
94 which theorem is being referred to. Always finish a proof with the following symbol. □
95 The text continues here.
96 4. Discussion
97 Authors should discuss the results and how they can be interpreted in perspective of previous
98 studies and of the working hypotheses. The findings and their implications should be discussed in
99 the broadest context possible. Future research directions may also be highlighted.
100 5. Conclusions
101 This section is not mandatory, but can be added to the manuscript if the discussion is
102 unusually long or complex.
103 6. Patents
104 This section is not mandatory, but may be added if there are patents resulting from the work
105 reported in this manuscript.
106
107 Author Contributions: For research articles with several authors, a short paragraph specifying their individual
108 contributions must be provided. The following statements should be used “conceptualization, X.X. and Y.Y.;
109 methodology, X.X.; software, X.X.; validation, X.X., Y.Y. and Z.Z.; formal analysis, X.X.; investigation, X.X.;
7 Full Journal Name, 2019, FOR PEER REVIEW 5 of 7
110 resources, X.X.; data curation, X.X.; writing—original draft preparation, X.X.; writing—review and editing,
111 X.X.; visualization, X.X.; supervision, X.X.; project administration, X.X.; funding acquisition, Y.Y.”, please turn
112 to the CRediT taxonomy for the term explanation. Authorship must be limited to those who have contributed
113 substantially to the work reported.
114 Funding: Please add: “This research received no external funding” or “This research was funded by NAME
115 OF FUNDER, grant number XXX” and “The APC was funded by XXX”. Check carefully that the details given
116 are accurate and use the standard spelling of funding agency names at https://search.crossref.org/funding, any
117 errors may affect your future funding.
118 Acknowledgments: In this section you can acknowledge any support given which is not covered by the author
119 contribution or funding sections. This may include administrative and technical support, or donations in kind
120 (e.g., materials used for experiments).
121 Conflicts of Interest: Declare conflicts of interest or state “The authors declare no conflict of interest.” Authors
122 must identify and declare any personal circumstances or interest that may be perceived as inappropriately
123 influencing the representation or interpretation of reported research results. Any role of the funders in the
124 design of the study; in the collection, analyses or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in
125 the decision to publish the results must be declared in this section. If there is no role, please state “The funders
126 had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the
127 manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results”.
128 Appendix A
129 The appendix is an optional section that can contain details and data supplemental to the main
130 text. For example, explanations of experimental details that would disrupt the flow of the main text,
131 but nonetheless remain crucial to understanding and reproducing the research shown; figures of
132 replicates for experiments of which representative data is shown in the main text can be added here
133 if brief, or as Supplementary data. Mathematical proofs of results not central to the paper can be
134 added as an appendix.
135 Appendix B
136 All appendix sections must be cited in the main text. In the appendixes, Figures, Tables, etc.
137 should be labeled starting with ‘A’, e.g., Figure A1, Figure A2, etc.
138 References
139 References must be numbered in order of appearance in the text (including citations in tables and
140 legends) and listed individually at the end of the manuscript. We recommend preparing the references
141 with a bibliography software package, such as EndNote, ReferenceManager or Zotero to avoid typing
142 mistakes and duplicated references. Include the digital object identifier (DOI) for all references where
143 available.
144
145 Citations and References in Supplementary files are permitted provided that they also appear in the
146 reference list here.
147
148 In the text, reference numbers should be placed in square brackets [ ], and placed before the punctuation;
149 for example [1], [1–3] or [1,3]. For embedded citations in the text with pagination, use both parentheses
150 and brackets to indicate the reference number and page numbers; for example [5] (p. 10), or [6] (pp. 101–
151 105).
152
153 1. Author 1, A.B.; Author 2, C.D. Title of the article. Abbreviated Journal Name Year, Volume, page range.
154 2. Author 1, A.; Author 2, B. Title of the chapter. In Book Title, 2nd ed.; Editor 1, A., Editor 2, B., Eds.;
155 Publisher: Publisher Location, Country, 2007; Volume 3, pp. 154–196.
156 3. Author 1, A.; Author 2, B. Book Title, 3rd ed.; Publisher: Publisher Location, Country, 2008, pp. 154–196.
157 4. Author 1, A.B.; Author 2, C. Title of Unpublished Work. Abbreviated Journal Name stage of publication
158 (under review; accepted; in press).
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159 5. Author 1, A.B. (University, City, State, Country); Author 2, C. (Institute, City, State, Country). Personal
160 communication, 2012.
161 6. Author 1, A.B.; Author 2, C.D.; Author 3, E.F. Title of Presentation. In Title of the Collected Work (if
162 available), Proceedings of the Name of the Conference, Location of Conference, Country, Date of
163 Conference; Editor 1, Editor 2, Eds. (if available); Publisher: City, Country, Year (if available); Abstract
164 Number (optional), Pagination (optional).
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165 7. Author 1, A.B. Title of Thesis. Level of Thesis, Degree-Granting University, Location of University, Date
166 of Completion.
167 8. Title of Site. Available online: URL (accessed on Day Month Year).
© 2019 by the authors. Submitted for possible open access publication under the terms
and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
168
