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Problem Set 1

This document contains an AP Chemistry assignment with three questions about solubility, conductivity, and vitamins. Question 1 asks about the differences in solubility and melting points of urea and dimethyl ether based on their structures. It also asks to sketch hydrogen bonding interactions between urea and water. Question 2 asks about why solid silver nitrate is a poor conductor but molten silver nitrate conducts electricity well. Question 3 compares the likelihood that two vitamins are water soluble or fat soluble based on their structural models, and discusses the accuracy and limitations of space-filling models.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
31 views2 pages

Problem Set 1

This document contains an AP Chemistry assignment with three questions about solubility, conductivity, and vitamins. Question 1 asks about the differences in solubility and melting points of urea and dimethyl ether based on their structures. It also asks to sketch hydrogen bonding interactions between urea and water. Question 2 asks about why solid silver nitrate is a poor conductor but molten silver nitrate conducts electricity well. Question 3 compares the likelihood that two vitamins are water soluble or fat soluble based on their structural models, and discusses the accuracy and limitations of space-filling models.

Uploaded by

grace
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AP

 Chemistry                                                                  Name……………………………………...……..  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Hour…….  
 
Directions:  Answer  the  following  questions  on  a  separate  sheet  of  paper.  Show  all  relevant  work.    
 
1. Urea,  H2NC(O)NH2  is  very  soluble  in  water  (up  to  27  g  in  25  mL  of  solution)  but  dimethyl  
ether,  CH3OCH3  is  only  sparingly  soluble.  The  structures  are  shown  below.    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
a. Account  for  the  differences  in  solubility  of  urea  and  dimethyl  ether  in  water  in  terms  
of  the  forces  between  the  solute  and  solvent  molecules.  Your  answer  must  include  
specific  information  about  each  substance.  
 
b. Use  the  structures  above  to  sketch  two  different  types  of  interactions  between  a  urea  
molecule  and  two  different  water  molecules.  Use  a  dashed  line  to  represent  the  
hydrogen  bond.  
 
c. The  melting  point  of  urea  is  133°C  while  dimethyl  ether  is  -­‐141°C.  Account  for  the  
differences  in  melting  point  of  urea  and  dimethyl  ether  in  term  of  the  intermolecular  
forces  present  in  each  substance.  Your  answer  must  include  specific  information  
about  each  substance.  
 
d. Predict  which  substance  would  have  the  higher  vapor  pressure  at  room  temperature.  
Justify  your  prediction.    
 
2. Both  solid  silver  (Ag)  and  molten  Ag  are  excellent  conductors  of  electricity.  However,  solid  
silver  nitrate,  AgNO3  is  a  good  conductor  only  when  melted  or  dissolved  in  pure  water;  as  a  
solid,  it  is  a  poor  conductor.  Explain  this  observation  using  appropriate  principles  of  
chemical  bonding  and/or  intermolecular  forces.    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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3. Structural  and  space  filling  models  of  two  important  vitamins  are  shown  below.    
 
                       Vitamin  “X”                      Vitamin  “Y”  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
a. Explain  whether  each  vitamin  is  more  likely  to  be  water  soluble  or  fat-­‐soluble.  Fats  
typically  consist  of  long  chain  hydrocarbons  (e.g.  C7H16).  Justify  your  reasoning,  using  
appropriate  principles  of  chemical  bonding  and/or  intermolecular  forces  present  in  
each  molecule  during  the  dissolving  process.    
 
b. Identify  one  (1)  aspect  that  the  space-­‐filling  models  in  the  figure  represent  accurately  
and  one  (1)  aspect  that  limits  their  usefulness.    
 

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