3 Dural Mobility - Art of Osteopathy 3
3 Dural Mobility - Art of Osteopathy 3
3 Dural Mobility - Art of Osteopathy 3
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The existence of the membranes around the brain and spinal cord is well documented in anatomic
research and utilized in medical practice. This entire membranous envelope functions as a unit and is
called the Reciprocal Tension Membrane (RTM).
Every medical student and anatomist who has dissected the central nervous system has seen this
membrane. Every physician who has performed a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) has felt the “pop” as the
needle penetrates the dural membrane to sample Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF).
Kostopoulos and Keramidas1 in their research on cadavers, suggest that there is an association
between treatment of the cranial bones and the movement of cranial dural membranes.
Zanakis et al.2 identified a possible connection between cranial and sacral motion. Cranial bone
motion was recorded via Infrared skin markers positioned on the subject’s head with
simultaneous palpation of the sacrum. A 92% correlation between the perception of sacral
movement and cranial bone motion was demonstrated. Given the relatively small number of
subjects, larger follow up studies need to be performed to establish statistical significance.
Summary
There is no doubt as to the existence of the continuity of dural membranes around the central nervous
system (brain and spinal cord). Over 75 years of effective clinical application of Osteopathy in the Cranial
Field (OCF) leaves little question as to the validity of this phenomenon. Due to the small number of
studies, further research is prudent.
References
1. Kostopoulos DC, Keramidas G. Changes in elongation of falx cerebri during craniosacral therapy
techniques applied on the skull of an embalmed cadaver. J Craniomand Pract 1992;10:9-12.
2. Zanakis MF, Dimeo J, Madoma S, et al. Objective measurement of the CRI with manipulation and
palpation of the sacrum [abstract]. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1996;96(9):55.
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