Unit 6 MVC

Course Code: CAC-117
Course Title : Web

Technology
Unit 6: Introduction to frameworks
Overview, MVC architecture
► Unit 6: Introduction to frameworks
► Overview
► MVC architecture
Overview of Frameworks
► What are frameworks?

► Software framework is an abstraction in which software, providing generic functionality,
can be selectively changed by additional user-written code, thus providing
application-specific software. It provides a standard way to build and deploy applications and
is a universal, reusable software environment that provides particular functionality as part of a
larger software platform to facilitate the development of software applications, products and
solutions.
► Example of framework: Bootstrap, Zurb Foundation ,Laravel
► Difference between a Library and a Framework

► library is a set of previously-written code that you can use to build your own code
► A library performs specific, well-defined operations
► framework is a skeleton where the application defines the main function of the operation by filling
out the skeleton. The skeleton still has code to link up the parts but the most important work is done
by the application.
► Examples of libraries: Network protocols, compression, image manipulation, string utilities,

regular expression evaluation, math. Operations are self-contained.
► Examples of frameworks: Web application system, Plug-in manager, GUI system. The
framework defines the concept but the application defines the fundamental functionality that
end-users care about.
► Why do we use frameworks?

► Developing software is a complex process. It necessitates a plethora of tasks, including
coding, designing, and testing. For only the coding part, programmers had to take care of the
syntax, declarations, garbage collection, statements, exceptions, and more.
► Advantages of frameworks
► Assists in establishing better programming practices and fitting use of design patterns
► Code is more secure
► Duplicate and redundant code can be avoided
► Helps consistent developing code with fewer bugs
► Makes it easier to work on sophisticated technologies
► Several code segments and functionalities are pre-built and pre-tested. This makes
applications more reliable
► Types of Frameworks
► Web apps
These frameworks are used specifically in the creation of online projects, whether it’s the
web design of a page or more specific web services.
► Apps
These frameworks allow to complement the structure of an application for an operating
system. A clear example is Microsoft, which has developed the .NET Framework to help
programmers reuse structures already made and which is installed in Windows.
► AJAX
AJAX technology enables the user to make requests to the server without having to reload a
page after each new request.
► Content management
Also known as CMF (Content Manager Framework), content management frameworks
facilitate the programming of CMS (Content Management System) applications such
as WordPress, Joomla, among others.
► Multimedia elements
This interface facilitates the work of developers working with video, audio and image and
helps in the creation of multimedia applications in general, as it serves for more complex
projects, such as video conferences or media converters.
MVC-Model-View-Controller
► The Model-View-Controller (MVC) is an architectural pattern that separates an application

into three main logical components: the model, the view, and the controller
► Each of these components are built to handle specific development aspects of an application.
MVC is one of the most frequently used industry-standard web development framework to
create scalable and extensible projects.
► Features of MVC
► Easy and frictionless testability. Highly testable, extensible and pluggable framework
► To design a web application architecture using the MVC pattern, it offers full control over your
HTML as well as your URLs
► Leverage existing features provided by ASP.NET, JSP, Django, etc.
► Clear separation of logic: Model, View, Controller. Separation of application tasks viz.
business logic, Ul logic, and input logic
MVC Architecture
► Model: It includes all the data and its related logic
► View: Present data to the user or handles user interaction
► Controller: An interface between Model and View components
MVC-Model
► The model component stores data and its related logic.

► It represents data that is being transferred between controller components or any other
related business logic.
► For example, a Controller object will retrieve the customer info from the database. It
manipulates data and sends back to the database or uses it to render the same data.
► It responds to the request from the views and also responds to instructions from the
controller to update itself. It is also the lowest level of the pattern which is responsible
for maintaining data.
MVC-View
► View is that part of the application that represents the presentation of data.
► Views are created by the data collected from the model data. A view requests the model
to give information so that it resents the output presentation to the user.
► The view also represents the data from charts, diagrams, and tables. For example, any
customer view will include all the UI components like text boxes, drop downs, etc.
MVC-Controller
► The Controller is that part of the application that handles the user interaction. The
controller interprets the mouse and keyboard inputs from the user, informing model and
the view to change as appropriate.
► A Controller send’s commands to the model to update its state(E.g., Saving a specific
document). The controller also sends commands to its associated view to change the
view’s presentation (For example scrolling a particular document).
MVC
► Advantages:
► Easy code maintenance which is easy to extend and grow
► MVC Model component can be tested separately from the user
► Easier support for new types of clients
► Development of the various components can be performed parallelly.
► It helps you to avoid complexity by dividing an application into the three units. Model, view, and
controller
► It only uses a Front Controller pattern which process web application requests through a single
controller.
► Offers the best support for test-driven development
► It works well for Web apps which are supported by large teams of web designers and developers.
► Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Friendly.
► All classes and objects are independent of each other so that you can test them separately.
► MVC design pattern allows logical grouping of related actions on a controller together.
Questions:
► With the help of a diagram, describe the MVC architecture

► What are frameworks? List some advantages of it.
► Differentiate between libraries and frameworks.
► What are the advantages of frameworks?
► List and explain the types of frameworks.

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Course Code: CAC-117

Course Title : Web

► What are frameworks?

► Difference between a Library and a Framework

► Examples of libraries: Network protocols, compression, image manipulation, string utilities,

► Why do we use frameworks?

► The Model-View-Controller (MVC) is an architectural pattern that separates an application

► The model component stores data and its related logic.

► With the help of a diagram, describe the MVC architecture

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