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    Benefits of Power Factor Correction

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    Bishnu Regmi
    The document discusses the benefits of power factor correction for facilities. It explains that electricity has three types of power: apparent power, real power, and reactive power, and that the relationship between them is influenced by the power factor. Improving the power factor can reduce utility bills, increase the capacity of the electrical system, improve voltage levels, and reduce line losses. It provides formulas for calculating power factor, required reactive power, power loss reduction, voltage raise, and capacitor sizing. Finally, it includes a multiplier table showing how different initial and proposed power factors impact the sizing of power factor correction capacitors.

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    Benefits of Power Factor Correction

    Uploaded by

    Bishnu Regmi
    19 views4 pages
    The document discusses the benefits of power factor correction for facilities. It explains that electricity has three types of power: apparent power, real power, and reactive power, and that the relationship between them is influenced by the power factor. Improving the power factor can reduce utility bills, increase the capacity of the electrical system, improve voltage levels, and reduce line losses. It provides formulas for calculating power factor, required reactive power, power loss reduction, voltage raise, and capacitor sizing. Finally, it includes a multiplier table showing how different initial and proposed power factors impact the sizing of power factor correction capacitors.

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    BENEFITS OF POWER FACTOR CORRECTION

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    The document discusses the benefits of power factor correction for facilities. It explains that electricity has three types of power: apparent power, real power, and reactive power, and that the relationship between them is influenced by the power factor. Improving the power factor can reduce utility bills, increase the capacity of the electrical system, improve voltage levels, and reduce line losses. It provides formulas for calculating power factor, required reactive power, power loss reduction, voltage raise, and capacitor sizing. Finally, it includes a multiplier table showing how different initial and proposed power factors impact the sizing of power factor correction capacitors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    19 views4 pages

    Benefits of Power Factor Correction

    Uploaded by

    Bishnu Regmi
    The document discusses the benefits of power factor correction for facilities. It explains that electricity has three types of power: apparent power, real power, and reactive power, and that the relationship between them is influenced by the power factor. Improving the power factor can reduce utility bills, increase the capacity of the electrical system, improve voltage levels, and reduce line losses. It provides formulas for calculating power factor, required reactive power, power loss reduction, voltage raise, and capacitor sizing. Finally, it includes a multiplier table showing how different initial and proposed power factors impact the sizing of power factor correction capacitors.

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    -O{n]S6«f] 6]s g]kfn sDkgL k|f= nL=_

    Registration No: 117327/070/071 PAN No: 601564440

    BENEFITS OF POWER FACTOR CORRECTION

    Most people associate electricity and energy with (KW). In fact KW only makes up a part of overall energy uses in home,
    commercial building or an industrial manufacturing plant. In the world of AC power, there are actually three types of power:

     Apparent Power (Measured in Volt-Amps)


     Real power ( Measured in Watt)
     Reactive Power (Measured in VARs)

    The relationship between Apparent Power and other two is influenced by what is called power factor (Pf). The Pf can be
    thought of as a measure of Electrical efficiency in a power system. Numerous benefits can be derived by power factor
    correction to a facility.

    Apparent power (KVA) Reactive power (KVAr)

    Real power (KW)

    Benefit: Reducing Utility bills

    Utilities have several different rate structures that may be used for billing.

     KVA Billing- Straight charges for all Apparent Power consumed.


     KVAr billing- Additional charges for Reactive power.( N/A in Nepal)
     Power factor Penalty- Charges based on the customer’s actual power factor. ( N/A in Nepal)
     Adjusted KW Demand – The real power demand is adjusted by a formula and is based on the customer’s actual power
    factor.
    In all cases, the power factor of a customer will become a direct or indirect factor in the utility bill.

    Power bills can be reduced by introducing capacitors to the facility, which can reduce the need for KVAr required from the
    utility. Capacitors have the added effect of reducing line losses which can reduce the amount of unit consumption required by a
    facility. Additional benefits of reducing line losses will be discussed later in this document.

    Head Office: Bharatpur Municipality-12, Chitwan, Nepal


    Contact: +977-9845049523, [email protected]
    -O{n]S6«f] 6]s g]kfn sDkgL k|f= nL=_
    Registration No: 117327/070/071 PAN No: 601564440

    Benefit: Electrical system Capacity

    Capacitors in a facility produce a reactive Energy that motors require to produce magnetizing current for induction motors
    and transformers. This reduces the overall current needed from the power supply. This translates into reduced loads on both
    transformers and feeder circuits.

    Reduced loads on transformers can have a variety of positive Impacts that include but are not limited to: less maintenance
    reduced breaker trips and higher overload capacity.

    Benefit: Improved voltage Level

    Low voltage may be caused by a lack of Reactive Energy. Additionally, voltage drops are often caused by Dynamic load
    changes. In both cases, the effect can be harmful.

    In facilities with motors, low voltage reduces motor efficiency and can cause overheating. Interference may be introduced by
    low voltage in lighting and other electrical instruments (i.e. computers).

    Welding plants in particular, may suffer from voltage drops. The quality of welds is directly proportional to the voltage. These
    voltage drops can cause bad welds which translate into scraps or possible product recalls if allowed to persist.

    Real time capacitor system (<1 cycle) have the capability of providing fast compensation to a dynamic load that cannot
    typically be seen by other conventional capacitor bank. I can help to raise and stabilize voltage across a facility by providing
    reactive energy, thus improvement of overall production.

    Benefit: Reduced line losses

    Differences exist between DC resistances of various conducting elements and actual apparent AC resistances of those same
    elements. There are many different phenomena present in Electrical systems which, when combined, can create substantial
    energy losses. Reducing the current used in a facility as well as properly minimizing harmonics can have a significant effect on
    reducing line losses.

    Capacitors can help a system by supplying KVAr as needed, therefore reducing line currents. However, extreme care should be
    taken when installing capacitors as it is quit possible to increase harmonics by installing capacitors. Installed capacitor
    systems ought to have tuned filters to reduce the effects of harmonics and resonance.

    Head Office: Bharatpur Municipality-12, Chitwan, Nepal


    Contact: +977-9845049523, [email protected]
    -O{n]S6«f] 6]s g]kfn sDkgL k|f= nL=_
    Registration No: 117327/070/071 PAN No: 601564440

    Some related formulas

     Power factor = KW/KVA


     KVAr Required = KW(Tan(cos¯1(old pf))- Tan(cos¯1(New pf)))
     % Reduction Power loss = 100(1-(old pf/new pf)²)
     % Voltage Raise = Capacitor KVAr * % Transformer Impedance
     KVAr rating of Capacitor = √3 *V*I/1000 KVAr

    Multiplier Factor for PF correction:

    Initial Power Proposed Power Factor


    factor
    0.85 0.90 0.95 0.98 1.0
    0.50 1.112 1.248 1.403 1.529 1.732
    0.52 1.024 1.160 1.315 1.441 1.644
    0.54 0.939 1.075 1.230 1.356 1.559
    0.56 0.860 0.996 1.151 1.277 1.480
    0.58 0.785 0.921 1.076 1.202 1.405
    0.60 0.714 0.849 1.005 1.131 1.334
    0.62 0.645 0.781 0.936 1.062 1.265
    0.64 0.580 0.716 0.871 0.997 1.200
    0.66 0.518 0.654 0.809 0.935 1.138
    0.68 0.459 0.595 0.750 0.876 1.079
    0.70 0.400 0.536 0.691 0.811 1.020
    0.72 0.343 0.479 0.634 0.754 0.963
    0.74 0.289 0.425 0.580 0.700 0.909
    0.76 0.235 0.371 0.526 0.652 0.855
    0.78 0.183 0.319 0.473 0.594 0.803
    0.80 0.130 0.266 0.421 0.541 0.750
    0.82 0.078 0.214 0.369 0.489 0.698
    0.84 0.026 0.162 0.317 0.437 0.645

    Head Office: Bharatpur Municipality-12, Chitwan, Nepal


    Contact: +977-9845049523, [email protected]
    -O{n]S6«f] 6]s g]kfn sDkgL k|f= nL=_
    Registration No: 117327/070/071 PAN No: 601564440
    0.86 0.109 0.264 0.390 0.593
    0.88 0.054 0.209 0.335 0.538
    0.90 0.155 0.281 0.484

    Head Office: Bharatpur Municipality-12, Chitwan, Nepal


    Contact: +977-9845049523, [email protected]

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