AP Human Geography Unit IV.

Political Organization of Space Multiple Choice Questions

8. Which of the following is considered a sovereign state?
1. A region not fully integrated into a national state that is A) India.
often marginal or undeveloped is a called a B) Alaska.
A) stateless nation. C) Hong Kong.
B) frontier. D) Antarctica.
C) core. E) Spratly Islands.
D) heartland.
E) functional. 9. In contrast to a state, a nation
A) is a territory established by international agreement or
2. Which of the following locations would still be considered a military force.
frontier region? B) is a cultural concept implying a group of people occupying a
A) Northwestern Pakistan. particular territory and unified by shared beliefs.
B) Western United States. C) the portion of the earth's surface containing a permanent
C) Eastern China. population.
D) Northern Egypt. D) is a political entity, with sovereignty over its own territory.
E) Eastern Australia. E) is a group of people living in an enclave of a city.

3. Which cultural hearth is credited with the creation of city- 10. Which of the following terms refers to an individual or
states, which eventually lead to the creation of the concept of group attempt to identify and establish control over land? This
nation-state? concept often leads to defense of the land.
A) Mesopotamia. A) territoriality.
B) Northern India. B) secularism.
C) Greece. C) materialism.
D) Roman Empire. D) ethnocentrism.
E) Mayan. E) consequent boundary.

4. An example of a modern day city-state is 11. Which of the following is an example of a nation seeking its
A) New York. own territory?
B) Panama Canal. A) Mexicans.
C) Paris. B) Palestinians.
D) Singapore. C) British.
E) Germany. D) English.
E) Russians.
5. What is a politically organized territory that is administered
by a sovereign government and recognized by a large 12. Which of the following states fits the morphology
percentage of the international community? description of compact?
A) Nation. A) Chile.
B) State. B) South Africa.
C) Frontier. C) Thailand.
D) Territoriality. D) Poland.
E) Colony. E) Russia.

6. Which of the following is considered a State? 13. Which of the following is a characteristic of compact
A) France. states?
B) Colorado. A) Circular with the capital located in the center of the state.
C) British Columbia. B) Long narrow state with population concentrated in one
D) Sahel. region of the state.
E) Hong Kong. C) One state is completely within the boundaries of another
state.
7. The exercise of state power over people and territory, and D) State separated by a physical boundary or body of water.
being recognized by other international states, refers to E) Size of the state is very small compared to other states.
A) nationalism.
B) sovereignty. 14. This type of shape can provide for efficiency in
C) citizenship. administration of a country.
D) centrifugalism. A) Compact.
E) imperialism. B) Prorupt.
C) Elongated.
D) Perforated.
E) Fragmented.
15. Which of the following states fit the morphology
description of a fragmented state? 22. A country’s morphology which can weaken its stability if an
A) Chile. enclave is occupied by people whose values systems differ
B) Japan. from the surrounding state is called
C) Mexico. A) Compact.
D) South Africa. B) Prorupt.
E) Poland. C) Elongated.
D) Perforated.
16. Fragmented states can help create which type of forces E) Fragmented.
within a state?
A) Centripetal. 23. Which of the following states best fits the morphology
B) Centrifugal. description of a perforated state?
C) Cumulative causation. A) Namibia.
D) Backwash effects. B) South Africa.
E) Irredentism. C) China.
D) Poland.
17. This shape can weaken centralized control of state territory E) United Kingdom.
and increase regionalism particularly in the areas separate
from the main state. 24. Which of the following is an example of an exclave in the
A) Compact. United States?
B) Prorupt. A) Florida.
C) Elongated. B) Alaska.
D) Perforated. C) California.
E) Fragmented. D) Washington, DC.
E) Colorado.
18. Which types of countries usually encompass diverse types
of climates, resources and peoples? 25. Which of the following states have an exclave?
A) Compact. A) Russia.
B) Prorupt. B) Brazil.
C) Elongated. C) Italy.
D) Perforated. D) South Africa.
E) Fragmented. E) Australia.

19. Which of the following states best fits the morphology 26. Exclaves are often created for which of the following
description of a fragmented state? reasons?
A) France. A) To create political boundaries that attempt to unite ethnic
B) Chile. groups in nearby regions under the control of one government
C) Indonesia. in order to decrease conflict in a region.
D) Australia. B) To try to encourage a country to become more compact in
E) China. its shape.
C) To increase trade with nearby countries.
20. Which of the following states best fits the morphology D) To decrease population and economic pressure by dividing
description of a prorupted state? a country into smaller parts or provinces.
A) Namibia. E) To develop transportation infrastructure and sustainable
B) South Africa. agriculture.
C) China.
D) Poland. 27. Which of the following states have an enclave?
E) United Kingdom. A) France.
B) Brazil.
21. A country with this shape can provide access to a resource, C) Italy.
or it can separate two countries that would otherwise share a D) Egypt.
boundary. E) Australia.
A) Compact.
B) Prorupted. 28. Which of the following states is an enclave?
C) Elongated. A) Vatican City.
D) Perforated. B) South Africa.
E) Fragmented. C) Italy.
D) Singapore.
E) Japan.
 B) Jewish.
C) French.
D) Spanish.
29. Which of the following is true for landlocked States? E) Polish.
A) They are likely to be the wealthiest state in their region.
B) They are at a commercial and strategic disadvantage. 36. The policy of a state wanting to add territory from another
C) Interior locations are more difficult to defend. State inhabited by people who have cultural links to their own
D) Relations with neighboring countries are not as important State is
as for maritime countries. A) the interaction model.
E) There are more landlocked states in the world than B) the gravity model.
maritime states. C) irredentism.
D) ethnocentrism.
30. ________ became a landlocked state due to the results of E) culture rebound.
the War of the Pacific?
A) Bolivia. 37. Which of the following areas have been subjected to the
B) Brazil. policy of irredentism in the late 20th century?
C) India. A) Japan.
D) Madagascar. B) New Zealand.
E) Spain. C) Serbia.
D) United States.
31. Which of the following is a landlocked State? E) Saudi Arabia.
A) Australia.
B) Mongolia. 38. The political dominance of a country or region by another
C) Italy. country is referred to as
D) Israel. A) insurgent state.
E) Peru. B) revivalist.
C) hegemony.
32. What is the term for a state that is small in both population D) pandemic.
and size? E) organic theory.
A) Macro-state.
B) Micro-state. 39. Which of the following states engaged in classical
C) Compact state. hegemony in the late 20th century?
D) Irredentism. A) Canada.
E) Federal state. B) El Salvador.
C) Madagascar.
33. Which of the following best describes an impact of the D) Soviet Union.
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea for maritime E) Mongolia.
micro states?
A) The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) provisions increased the 40. A boundary that uses physiological features like rivers or
resources and economic viability of these states. mountains is referred to as a(n)
B) Decreased the importance of micro-states in the global A) geometric boundary.
economy. B) subsequent boundary.
C) Placed more restrictive sea access limits on micro-states C) natural boundary.
than the macro states like the United States. D) permeable barrier.
D) Increasingly marginalized the locations and power of micro- E) ecumene.
states.
E) Encouraged the low-lying micro states to vacate territory 41. All of the following are advantages of using mountains as
because of rising sea levels. boundaries except that
A) they are difficult to cross.
34. A national group that aspires to become a nation-state but B) they create a visible, physical border between states.
lacks the territory is a C) mountain regions are usually sparsely populated.
A) federal state. D) mountains are relatively permanent.
B) unitary state. E) they are the often the source area for natural resources.
C) stateless nation.
D) Non Governmental Organization (NGO). 42. Which of the following states use mountains as a
E) Supranationalistic state. boundary?
A) Brazil and Peru.
35. Which of the following nations is considered a stateless- B) Canada and the United States.
nation? C) Iraq and Kuwait.
A) Kurdish. D) China and Russia.
E) Poland and Germany.
50. Which region in the world has political boundaries that
most poorly represent the linguistic boundaries of the region?
A) North America.
B) South America.
C) Africa.
43. All of the following are advantages of using water as D) East Asia.
boundaries except that E) Europe.
A) water creates a visible boundary.
B) resource allocation can become a source of conflict. 51. One element of the conflict in Sri Lanka is differences of
C) water creates relatively consistent boundaries over time. religion. What two religions are primarily represented in this
D) water provides protection against invasion. conflict?
E) oceans create a buffer between states. A) Islam and Christian.
B) Islam and Jewish.
44. All of the following are disadvantages of using water as C) Buddhism and Hindu.
boundaries except for D) Christian and tribal.
A) water navigation rights. E) Shiite and Sunni.
B) water use rights.
C) changing courses of rivers. 52. One element of the conflict in Kashmir is differences of
D) buffer zones between States. religion. What two religions are primarily represented in this
E) resource and fishing rights. conflict?
A) Islam and Christian.
45. All of the following are advantages of using deserts as B) Islam and Jewish.
boundaries except for the fact that C) Buddhism and Hindu.
A) they are difficult to cross. D) Christian and tribal.
B) they create a visible, physical border between states. E) Hindu and Islam.
C) deserts contain natural resources.
D) desert regions are usually sparsely populated. 53. The boundaries between which set of countries were
E) deserts are relatively permanent. established primarily to separate different religions?
A) India and Pakistan.
46. Which of the following states use a desert as a boundary? B) Mexico and United States.
A) Brazil and Peru. C) France and Germany.
B) Canada and the United States. D) Russia and Ukraine.
C) Iraq and Kuwait. E) Libya and Chad.
D) China and India.
E) Turkey and Syria. 54. Which region of the United States do geometric
boundaries predominate?
47. The boundaries on this island were drawn primarily to A) Northeast.
divide the Greeks from the Turks. B) Southeast.
A) Cyprus. C) West.
B) Australia. D) Hawaii.
C) Sri Lanka. E) Midwest.
D) Indonesia.
E) Falklands. 55. Which type of boundary uses lines of latitude and
longitude and not existing physical features?
48. The boundaries of this country are being contested by the A) Antecedent boundary.
Palestinians. B) Subsequent boundary.
A) Serbia. C) Natural boundary.
B) Israel. D) Geometric boundary.
C) Iraq. E) Relic boundary.
D) China.
E) Sri Lanka. 56. Which region has a high percentage of geometric
boundaries to separate states?
49. This country used linguistic boundaries as a primary reason A) North Africa.
to establish their territory. B) Europe.
A) United States. C) Southeast Asia.
B) Peru. D) South America.
C) Australia. E) Central Asia.
D) France.
E) United Kingdom. 57. Which of the following is not a purpose of boundaries?
A) Mark the outer limits of state’s claim to land. 64. What type of boundary does the Great Wall of China best
B) Project below ground to allocate subsurface resources. illustrate?
C) Mark political administrative divisions within a country. A) Geometric boundary.
D) Define the property limits between owners of land. B) Natural boundary.
E) Create lanes of transportation between countries. C) Antededent boundary.
D) Relic boundary.
E) Exclave boundary.

58. This type of boundary line is established before an area is

well populated.
A) Subsequent boundaries. 65. A former boundary line that is still visible and marked by
B) Antecedent boundaries. some cultural landscape feature is a(n)
C) Geometric boundary. A) geometric boundary.
D) Natural boundary. B) natural boundary.
E) Linguistic boundary. C) antededent boundary.
D) relic boundary.
59. Which of the following countries’ internal boundaries are E) subsequent boundary.
largely antecedent boundaries?
A) Canada. 66. At which scale do boundary disputes occur?
B) Germany. A) Local.
C) Israel. B) Regional.
D) Japan. C) National.
E) India. D) International.
E) All of the above.
60. A boundary that is drawn after the development of a
cultural landscape is a(n) 67. This type of boundary dispute focuses on the delimitation,
A) religious boundary. demarcation or interpretation of an agreement between
B) antecedent boundary. countries.
C) geometric boundary. A) Positional/locational dispute.
D) subsequent boundary. B) Ethnic dispute.
E) superimposed boundary. C) Resource/allocation dispute.
D) Functional/operational dispute
61. Which of the following is the best example of a subsequent E) Religious dispute.
boundary?
A) Ireland / Northern Ireland. 68. Two neighbors disagree about the color, material and size
B) Mexico / United States. of a fence between their properties. Which of the following
C) China / Tibet. terms best illustrates this dispute?
D) Great Wall of China. A) Positional / locational dispute.
E) Colorado / Kansas. B) Political dispute.
C) Resource / allocation dispute.
62. A boundary forced upon existing cultural landscapes, a D) Functional / operational dispute.
country, or a people by a conquering or colonizing power is E) Territorial dispute.
called a(n)
A) religious boundary. 69. Read this description and then select the type of border
B) antecedent boundary. dispute that best describes the dispute. Canada and the United
C) geometric boundary. States are historic allies but disagree on how to implement a
D) subsequent boundary. plan for a “secure and smart border” that would protect
E) superimposed boundary. against terrorists attacks while 200,000 vehicles cross the
border each day, mostly trucks involved in a steady stream of
63. Which of the following boundaries were not superimposed trade. Agreements must be reached on whether or not to
on a group? inspect each truck and how to track the flow of individuals
A) Native American reservations. back and forth along the 4,000-mile border.
B) United States/Canada. A) Positional/locational dispute.
C) India/Pakistan. B) Ethnic dispute.
D) Africa. C) Resource dispute.
E) Papua New Guinea/Indonesia. D) Functional/operational dispute.
E) Religious dispute.
70. A piece of undeveloped property is adjacent to a A) the political boundary as an expression of cultural
residential neighborhood. The city government wants to build landscape.
a jail on the property but the local community objects to the B) the effect of the border on economic activity.
land-use. Which of the following terms best exemplifies this C) how the border affects the attitude of border inhabitants.
dispute? D) the effect of the border on state policy.
A) Positional/locational dispute. E) the United Nations Law of Border Development.
B) Territorial dispute.
C) Resource dispute.
D) Functional/operational dispute.
E) Urban dispute.

71. The dispute between China and Vietnam over Spratly

Island is primarily a(n) 77. Which of the following best describes the border landscape
A) positional/locational dispute. between the United States and Mexico in the early 21st
B) ethnic dispute. century?
C) resource dispute. A) Strongly demarcated with fences and border guards,
D) functional/operational dispute. particularly in urban areas.
E) religious dispute. B) Open welcoming border with inviting signage.
C) Sudden, sharp cultural change from Mexican to American
72. For years, there has been a dispute with the Svabard culture.
Islands in the Barents Sea. In 1920, a treaty prohibited military D) Very few transportation connections or economic linkages.
installations on the islands and allowed 41 nations equal rights E) Very few people or products cross the border landscape
to mine coal. The islands remained in Norwegian control. legally.
However, Russia continues to dispute Norway’s fishing rights
beyond Svabard territorial limits and within the Treaty zone. 78. This type of boundary dispute focuses on the ownership
Which type of border dispute does the dispute best exemplify? and control of surface area.
A) Functional/operational dispute. A) Positional/locational dispute.
B) Positional/locational dispute. B) Ethnic dispute.
C) Cultural dispute. C) Resource/allocation dispute.
D) Resource dispute. D) Functional/operational dispute.
E) Territorial dispute. E) Territorial dispute.

73. A weaker country that separates two powerful countries 79. The Israel/Palestine conflict has elements of all of the
whose ideology and or political views conflict is a following types of disputes except a(n)
A) core state. A) functional / operational dispute.
B) periphery state. B) religious dispute.
C) fragmented state. C) ethnic dispute.
D) buffer state. D) geometric dispute.
E) viable state. E) territorial dispute.

74. A real world example of a buffer state would be? 80. The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern
A) Mongolia. themselves is referred to as
B) France. A) colonialism.
C) China. B) Rimland Theory.
D) United States. C) self-determination.
E) Brazil. D) nationalsim.
E) ethnic transition.
75. Which of the following states is a buffer state between
India and China? 81. Which of the following ethnic groups is seeking self
A) Mongolia. determination?
B) Nepal. A) Chechen.
C) Vietnam. B) English.
D) Japan. C) Mexican.
E) Sri Lanka. D) Dutch.
E) Chinese.
76. The study of border landscapes is concerned with all of the
following except 82. A state whose territory closely corresponds to an ethnicity
that has become a nationality is a
A) multi-national state. 89. The British imperialized portions of all of the following
B) nation-state. regions except?
C) prorupt state. A) Nigeria.
D) unitary state. B) India.
E) fragmented state. C) Vietnam.
D) East Africa.
83. Which one of the following is the best example of a nation- E) China.
state?
A) China. 90. Every country in Africa was either colonized or under the
B) Japan. imperial control of a European power except
C) South Africa. A) Ethiopia.
D) United Kingdom. B) South Africa.
E) Switzerland. C) Kenya.
D) Nigeria.
E) Egypt.
84. Which of the following best exemplifies an immigrant
state? 91. The concept that the United States was ordained by God to
A) India. expand across North America was
B) China. A) gateway state.
C) Australia. B) complementarity.
D) Japan. C) Manifest Destiny.
E) Saudi Arabia. D) Rimland Theory.
E) historical inertia.
85. The policy by a country to establish settlements in an area
and impose its political, economic and cultural principles there 92. The concept of manifest destiny was used as support for
is called imperialism by which country?
A) command economy. A) United Kingdom.
B) colonialism. B) France.
C) devolution. C) United States.
D) growth pole. D) China.
E) regionalism. E) Spain.

86. Which of the following regions was not predominately 93. Which theory created in the early 20th century advocated
colonized by the British? that any political power based in the center of Eurasia could
A) East Africa. gain enough strength to dominate the world?
B) South Asia. A) Unilateral Theory.
C) West Africa. B) Mackinder’s Heartland Theory.
D) South Africa. C) Wallerstein’s World Systems Theory.
E) Australia. D) Huntington’s Clash of Civilizations Thesis.
E) Balkanization.
87. The establishment of political boundaries in Africa by
European imperial powers during the 19th century 94. Which of the following areas is considered a shatterbelt?
A) was the result of military conflict between the colonizing A) Eastern Europe.
countries. B) Western Europe.
B) resulted in distinctive cultural groups being divided among C) China.
different states. D) Australia.
C) was the result of the International Court of Justice. E) North America.
D) reflected pre-colonial patterns of tribal territorial control.
E) empowered the tribes of Africa to seek self rule with 95. A region that historically is caught between stronger
European assistance. colliding external forces. The region is often fractured and
splintered politically and ethnically. This an example of a(n)
88. A country imposes its political, economic and cultural A) shatterbelt.
principles over territory already occupied and organized by a B) periphery.
society. This is called C) primate state.
A) command economy. D) insurgent state.
B) colonialism. E) core.
C) devolution.
D) imperialism. 96. Africa experienced a period of decolonization and creation
E) regionalism. of many new States during which time period?
A) 1950s and 60s.
B) Late 19th century. 103. This type of political framework has a central government
C) 1700s. but each of the sub-national entities has representation and
D) 1850s. influence in the government process.
E) 1930s. A) Federal.
B) Unitary.
97. Which country had an apartheid system of legal C) Compact.
segregation of races which was finally dismantled in the D) Communist.
1990s? E) Democratic.
A) United States.
B) India. 104. Which of the following countries is not a federal state?
C) South Africa. A) United States.
D) China. B) Canada.
E) Japan. C) France.
D) Australia.
E) United Kingdom.

98. This 20th century communist empire controlled many

weaker satellite states in Eastern Europe.
A) Germany. 105. A permanent union of sovereign states created in order to
B) Turkey. deal with common interests of defense, trade or policy is a
C) Soviet Union. A) confederation.
D) China. B) democracy.
E) Vietnam. C) dependency.
D) trust territory.
99. During the Cold War era which two countries balanced the E) macro state.
power of one another?
A) Pakistan/India. 106. Political geographers consider which of the following as
B) United Kingdom/France. the core area of the United States?
C) Spain/Portugal. A) The Los Angeles-San Francisco area.
D) United States/Soviet Union. B) The New York-Washington D.C. area.
E) Japan/Germany. C) The Chicago-Detroit area.
D) The Atlanta-Birmingham, Alabama area.
100. Which of the following states is considered a gateway to E) The Buffalo-Cleveland area.
the Himalayas?
A) Peru. 107. Washington DC was chosen as a site for the United States
B) Nepal. capital for all of the following reasons except
C) Russia. A) its centrality in the United States.
D) Kenya. B) inland site provided some protection against invasion.
E) Switzerland. C) it was the largest and most powerful city during the colonial
era.
101. This type of state has a centralized government and D) its site was undeveloped and a new city could be built form
administration that exercises control equally over all parts of the ground up.
the state? E) it was a compromise location between the competing
A) Federal. interests of the North and South.
B) Unitary.
C) Compact. 108. This type of capital city is deliberately sited in a state’s
D) Regional. frontier zone?
E) Democratic. A) Core.
B) Forward-thrust.
102. Unitary states usually have all of the following C) Exclave.
characteristics except? D) Divided.
A) Highly centralized government. E) Networked.
B) Few internal cultural differences.
C) Borders that are both cultural and political. 109. __________ is a forward-thrust capital.
D) Primate city located within the core of country. A) Washington DC.
E) Multiple provinces with strong regional governments. B) London.
C) Beijing.
D) Brasilia.
E) Baghdad. 117. Which of the following is not a centrifugal force within Sri
Lanka?
110. Which of the following is a reason a country would select A) Religion.
a forward-thrust capital site? B) Ethnicity.
A) To encourage growth into the interior of a country. C) Language.
B) To take advantage of a coastal location. D) History of conflict.
C) Locations on a hill provides better protection against attack. E) Equal representation in government.
D) To encourage relocation on a new coastal area.
E) To reinforce the power and influence of a country’s core 118. This sub field of geography studies the political, economic
region. and strategic significance of geography?
A) Linguistics.
111. Balkanization is most closely associated with which of the B) Econometrics.
following terms? C) Geopolitics.
A) Secondary activities. D) Anthropology.
B) Tipping point. E) Demography.
C) Multi-linear evolution.
D) Shatterbelt. 119. Which of the following states is not universally recognized
E) Bulk-loss industry. as an independent state by the United Nations?
A) South Africa.
B) South Korea.
C) Turkey.
112. Which of the following countries has endured the effects D) Taiwan.
of balkanization? E) Sri Lanka.
A) United States. 120. Which of the following entities has increasingly gained
B) Yugoslavia. both economic and political power on a global scale in the 21st
C) Australia. century via the process of globalization?
D) Brazil. A) Transnational corporations.
E) Nigeria. B) Sub-regional governments.
C) City-states.
113. All of the following areas have recently experienced or D) Landlocked states.
were created through balkanization except E) Rural areas.
A) Chechnya.
B) Serbia. 121. Which of the following best describes the effect of
C) Estonia. globalization related to state sovereignty?
D) Vietnam. A) State sovereignty has clearly increased as a result of
E) Brazil. globalization.
B) States have given up some sovereignty in order to join
114. These forces tend to bind together the citizens of a state. supra-nationalistic organizations.
A) Centripetal. C) Globalization has not had an effect on state sovereignty.
B) Centrifugal. D) The number of sovereign states in the world has declined
C) Colonialism. during the era of globalization.
D) Gravity. E) State sovereignty has increased because of the need to
E) Regionalism. protect borders from invasion of imperialistic states.

115. All of the following tend to be centripetal forces within a 122. This concept refers to the idea that multiple individuals
country except acting in their own short-term self-interest can ultimately
A) education system. destroy a shared resource, even if maintaining that resource is
B) military. in the best interest of individuals in the long run.
C) common language. A) Privatization.
D) regionalism. B) Statehood.
E) transportation system. C) Environmental determinism.
D) Ecological footprint.
116. In political geography these forces tend to disrupt and E) Tragedy of the commons.
threaten the unity of a state.
A) Centripetal. 123. According to the United Nations Convention on the Law
B) Centrifugal. of the Sea what is the correct order of zones from most control
C) Homogeneity. to least control?
D) Common values. A) Territorial seas, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone,
E) Common history. high seas.
B) High seas, territorial seas, contiguous zone, exclusive 130. An area in which businesses are exempt from certain
economic zone. taxes and government regulations to give other economic
C) Exclusive economic zone, contiguous zone, territorial seas, advantages as an inducement to promote growth or trade.
high seas. A) Realm.
D) Territorial seas, exclusive economic zone, high seas, B) Enterprise zones.
contiguous zone. C) Perceptual region.
E) Exclusive economic zone, contiguous zone, high seas, D) Protruded state.
territorial seas. E) Economies of scale.

124. The presence of centrifugal forces within a country has 131. After World War I, the boundaries of countries were
lead many central governments to transfer central redrawn to correspond with
government power to regional or local governments. This A) the distribution of languages.
process is called B) the distribution of power.
A) devolution. C) the distribution of ancient tribal areas.
B) acculturation. D) the provisions of the United Nations.
C) autocratic. E) the geographic nature of the HDI.
D) imperialism.
E) capitalism. 132. This symbolic term refers to the division between the
Soviet Union and its satellites and the rest of Europe after
125. Which of the following sub-regions recently gained more World War II.
central government powers with the creation of a parliament? A) Cold War.
A) Colorado. B) Iron Curtain.
B) Scotland. C) Great Wall.
C) Russia. D) Demilitarized Zone (DMZ).
D) Ireland. E) Line of Control.
E) Kosovo.

126. Select the group that is not a supranational organization. 133. A state of conflict, tension and competition existed
A) EU. between the 1940s and 1990s between which two countries?
B) OAS. A) China and India.
C) OPEC. B) United States and Soviet Union.
D) CIA. C) China and Taiwan.
E) NATO. D) India and Pakistan.
E) Israel and Palestine.
127. What is it called when three or more states cooperate in
order to promote shared objectives in the areas of defense, 134. The process of redrawing voting district boundaries in
economy or cultural cooperation? order to give one political party or group an electoral
A) Multi-nationalism. advantage is called
B) Devolution. A) devolution.
C) Supranationalism. B) gerrymandering.
D) Nationalism. C) political enclave.
E) Colonialism. D) popular sovereignty.
E) cultural landscape.
128. The main purpose of the European Union is to
A) promote the common defense of member states. 135. Which type of gerrymandering is designed to elect
B) create an economic free trade zone for member countries. minority candidates?
C) use tariffs and quotas to discourage trade. A) Stacked.
D) create a United States of Europe, which would include the B) Wasted vote.
countries of Europe. becoming more like the concept of C) Fragmented.
American states. D) Aligned.
E) create a common currency. E) Persuasive.

129. NAFTA is a Supranationalistic organization, which 136. Examples of the trend towards alliances include all but
attempted to create a free trade zone in which region? which of the following?
A) North Africa. A) NAFTA.
B) North Atlantic. B) EU.
C) New Zealand and Australia. C) OAS.
D) North America. D) NATO.
E) Nigerian and Arab countries. E) NGO.
137. In order for democratization to become a reality in a E) participation in round-table discussions.
country that has been dominated by an authoritarian ruler all
of the following must be present except
A) a growing middle class.
B) an increase in the average education level.
C) an intensification of economic power in a ruling elite.
D) an increase in the GDP per capita.
E) a homogeneous population.

138. Due to globalization and the growth of multi-state

organizations what political strategy has increased in use by
quasi-state organizations?
A) peaceful demonstrations at WTO meetings.
B) political organization on the national level. Answer Sheet Unit 4
C) terrorism.
D) becoming an effective part of the governing coalition.
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