Scribd
Upload
45 views14 pages

Modulus Elastisitas

The document discusses experimental stress analysis techniques like photoelasticity and strain gauges. It defines key terms like strain, stress, modulus of elasticity, and Poisson's ratio. Strain is the relative elongation or compression in a material under stress. Stress is the applied load over the material's cross-sectional area. The modulus of elasticity, or Young's modulus, describes the relationship between stress and strain in a material. Strain gauges are used to measure deformation and calculate stress. Mechanical tests are used to determine properties like ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and modulus of elasticity from a material's stress-strain curve.

Uploaded by

Nabil Yusuf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
45 views14 pages

Modulus Elastisitas

The document discusses experimental stress analysis techniques like photoelasticity and strain gauges. It defines key terms like strain, stress, modulus of elasticity, and Poisson's ratio. Strain is the relative elongation or compression in a material under stress. Stress is the applied load over the material's cross-sectional area. The modulus of elasticity, or Young's modulus, describes the relationship between stress and strain in a material. Strain gauges are used to measure deformation and calculate stress. Mechanical tests are used to determine properties like ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and modulus of elasticity from a material's stress-strain curve.

Uploaded by

Nabil Yusuf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

MODULUS OF

ELASTICITY
Experimental Stress Analysis

▪ Reason for Experimental Stress Analysis
- Material characterization
- Failure analysis
- Residual or assembly stress measurement
- Acceptance testing of parts prior to delivery or use

▪ Some Techniques
- Photoelasticity
- Non-contact holographic interferometry
- Electric Resistance Strain Gauges
Stress vs. Strain

• Strain (e) is a measure of displacement usually in terms
of micro-strain such as micro-inches of elongation for
each inch of specimen length.
• Stress (s) is a measure of loading in terms of load per
unit cross-sectional area
• Stress and strain are related by a material property
known as the Young’s modulus (or modulus of
elasticity) E.

s = eE
Strain Defined

Strain is defined as relative elongation in a
particular direction T
ea= dL/L (axial strain)
L
et= dD/D (transverse strain) D

m = et / ea (Poisson’s ratio)
T
Strain Gauges

The electrical resistance of a conductor changes
when it is subjected to a mechanical
deformation T
T

Rbefore < Rafter

T T
Determination of Static Modulus of
Elasticity in Compression

Mechanical Test

 UltimateTensile Strength – Maximum tensile strength
that occurs during testing. (MPa, Kg/cm2)
 Load (kg, N, KN)
 Stress – Stress that occurs in components due to service
loads. Generally related to force per unit area (MPa,
kg/cm2). The three stress basic types are tensile,
compressive, and shear stress. Tensile and compressive
stress also called direct stresses.
 Elastic Limit – The largest stress that occurs in the
material without causing permanent changes.
 Percent Elongation – Percentage of total strains that
occurred in specimens during testing.
Mechanical Test

 The main properties obtained from tensile testing are yield
strength, tensile strength, ductility, modulus elasticity, and
collapse characteristics.
 The result of tensile testing can be used to draw stress-
strain curves that show the tensile properties of the
material. The stress is compressed on the axis, while the
strain is plotted horizontally.
 In line with the addition of the load, the stress-strain curve
will show a linear period on the elastic area. Once the
material yields, it will achieve plastic behavior. The brittle
material cannot reach a high yield stress, so the curve is
lower than ductile material.
Mechanical Test

 Modulus of Elasticity - Also known as Young’s modulus;
calculated by finding the slope of the stress-strain curve for a given
material within the range of its linear proportionality between
stress and strain.
 Proportional Limit - The greatest stress a material can develop
without deviating from linearity between stress and strain.
Otherwise stated, the greatest stress developed in a material within
its elastic range.
 Yield Point – Also referred to as Elastic Limit, is the point at which
any additional stress will result in permanent deformation.
 Yield Strength - The stress at which a material exhibits a specified
limiting permanent set.
Material Fracture

Stress-Strain Curve

This stress-strain curve is


produced from the tensile
test.

10
11
12
13
Stress Strain for Different
Materials

14

You might also like