Bicol University Polangui Campus A N S W E R K E Y

Name ___________________________________________
GEC 14 Math in the Modern World
1st Sem, SY 2023-2024
Exercise 6 Statistics (Asynch) Course/Block __________________ Date ___________ 60

A. Identify whether the statement describes an inferential statistics or a descriptive statistics.

1. The odds of winning a mega lotto in the Philippines is 1 in 8,145,060. Inferential

6 pts
2. The median household income in San Carlos City was Php 72,000.00. Descriptive
3. The mean score on a math test was 75 with a standard deviation of 2.5. Descriptive
4. There is a correlation between daily soda consumption and bone mineral density. Inferential
5. A prediction has been made that the chance that a person will be robbed in a certain city is 23%.
Inferential
6. The range of temperature recorded during the day in Baguio varied from a low of 13°C to a high of 23°C.
Descriptive

B. Determine the level of measurement of the given variables. 15 pts

1. Customer ratings (one, two, or three stars) 9. reaction time in milliseconds
Ordinal Ratio
2. Educational attainment 10. Sales revenue
Ordinal Ratio
3. Hair color of female nursing students 11. Speed
Nominal Ratio
4. Height Ratio 12. SSS number Nominal
5. IQ scores Interval 13. Temperature in degrees centigrade
6. Likert-scale responses Ordinal Interval
7. Number of pages in your history book 14. Weight
Nominal Ratio
8. pH level Interval 15. Zip codes Nominal

C. Consider the given data set and supply the following. Show the necessary solutions.
*Note: In finding the measures of relative position, use the method that we discussed
16 pts
in class, not the one in the module 1 point each item, except item (g) which is 1 point per
outlier. In items d, e, g, h, j, no solution, no credit.

5.3 8.2 13.8 74.1 85.3 88.0 90.2 91.5 92.4 92.9 93.6 94.3 94.8 94.9
95.5 95.8 95.9 96.6 96.7 98.1 99.0 101.4 103.7 106.0 113.5 115.7

*Make sure to arrange values in ascending order.

a) Mean = 86.05
b) Median = 94.85
c) Range = 110.4
d) Q1 = 89.65
𝑘(𝑁+1) 1(26+1)
𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = = 6.75
4 4

6𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 + 0.75(7𝑡ℎ − 6𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒) = 88 + 0.75(90.2 − 88) = 89.65

 e) Q3 = 98.325 or 98.33
𝑘(𝑁 + 1) 3(26 + 1)
𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = = 20.25
4 4
20𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 + 0.25(21𝑠𝑡 − 20𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒) = 98.1 + 0.25(99 − 98.1) = 98.33

f) IQR = Q3 – Q1 = 98.325 – 89.65 = 8.675 or 8.68

g) Outliers (use the IQR method) = values lower than Q1 – 1.5IQR or higher than Q3 + 1.5IQR
Q1 – 1.5IQR = 89.65 – 1.5(8.68) = 76.63
Q3 + 1.5IQR = 98.33 + 1.5(8.68) = 111.35
Outliers = 5.3, 8.2, 13.8, 74.1, 113.5, 115.7

5.3, 8.2, 13.8, 74.1, 85.3, 88.0, 90.2, 91.5, 92.4, 92.9, 93.6, 94.3, 94.8, 94.9, 95.5, 95.8, 95.9, 96.6, 96.7, 98.1,
99.0, 101.4, 103.7, 106.0, 113.5, 115.7

h) D3 = 91.59
𝑘(𝑁 + 1) 3(26 + 1)
𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = = 8.1
10 10
8𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 + 0.1(9𝑡ℎ − 8𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒) = 91.5 + 0.1(92.4 − 91.5) = 91.59

i) Interpretation of your computation in (h)

30% of the scores/values are lower than 91.59 or
30% of the population scored lower than 91.59
(Statements similar to these are accepted)

j) P85 = 103.86
𝑘(𝑁 + 1) 85(26 + 1)
𝑡ℎ 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = = 22.95
10 100
22𝑛𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 + 0.95(23𝑟𝑑 − 22𝑛𝑑 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒) = 101.4 + 0.95(103.7 − 101.4) = 103.858 𝑜𝑟 103.86

k) Interpretation of your computation in (j)

85% of the scores/values are lower than 103.86 or
85% of the population scored lower than 103.86
(Statements similar to these are accepted)
D. Find the mean, median, and mode of the given data.

Class interval frequency

9 pts
20-29 6 3 pts for mean, 3 pts for
30-39 18 median, 3 pts for mode
40-49 10
50-59 11 Strictly no credit if there is no
60-69 3 solution
70-79 2

Mean:

Class interval Frequency 𝑓𝑖 Midpoint 𝑥𝑖 Midpoint = (lower limit + Upper limit)/2

20-29 6 24.5
30-39 18 34.5 i = upper limit – lower limit + 1
40-49 10 44.5
50-59 11 54.5 = 29 – 20 + 1
60-69 3 64.5 = 10
70-79 2 74.5

∑ 𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖 ∑ 𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖 6(24.5) + 18(34.5) + 10(44.5) + 11(54.5) + 3(64.5) + 2(74.5)

𝑥̅ = = = = 43.1
∑ 𝑓𝑖 𝑁 6 + 18 + 10 + 11 + 3 + 2
Median:
𝑁 50
Median class: 2 = = 25
2

The cumulative frequency that is greater than and nearest to 25 is 34. The corresponding class interval
is the median class.

Class Frequency 𝑓𝑖 Cumulative frequency

interval
20-29 6 6
30-39 18 24
Median class 40-49 10 34
50-59 11 45
60-69 3 48
70-79 2 50

𝑛
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏 25−24
2
𝑥̃ = 𝑙 + ( ) 𝑖 = 39.5 + ( ) 10 = 40.5
𝑓 10

Mode:
Modal class: the class interval with the highest frequency

Class interval frequency

∆1 = 𝑓1 − 𝑓0 = 18 − 6 = 12
20-29 6 𝑓0
Modal class 30-39 18 𝑓1 ∆2 = 𝑓1 − 𝑓2 = 18 − 10 = 8
40-49 10 𝑓2
50-59 11 ∆1
Mode = 𝑙 + ( )𝑖
60-69 3 ∆1 + ∆2
70-79 2 12
= 29.5 + ( ) 10
12+8

12
= 29.5 + (12+8) 10

= 35.5
E. Most graduate schools of business require applicants for admission to take the GMAT Examination. Scores
on the GMAT are roughly normally distributed with a mean of 532 and a standard deviation of 78.

a) Construct the normal distribution using the mean and the standard deviation. 10 pts
1 pt each item,
except (a) which is
2 pts

298 376 454 532 610 688 766

b) Mean = 532
c) Median = 532 In a normal curve, mean = median = mode
d) Mode = 532
e) Z-score of a student who got a GMAT exam score of 485
𝑥 − 𝜇 485 − 532
𝑧= = = −0.60
𝜎 78
f) Z-score of a student who got a GMAT exam score of 750
𝑥 − 𝜇 750 − 532
𝑧= = = 2.79
𝜎 78
g) Approximately what percentage of students scored between 376 and 688?
Since 376 and 688 are scores that are 2 standard deviations from the mean, by the empirical rule in
statistics, 95.44% or 95% of the scores lie within these values.

298 376 454 532 610 688 766

h) Approximately what percentage of students scored above 532?

Since 532 is the mean (which is also the median), 50% of the scores are above it.
 i) If there were 1000 students who took the test, approximately how many of them scored between 454
and 610?
Since 454 and 610 are scores that are 1 standard deviation from the mean, by the empirical rule in
statistics, 68.26% or 68% of the scores lie within these values.
68% of 1000 = 680
Approximately 680 out of 1000 students scored between 454 and 610.
683 as an answer is also accepted.

F. You took a midterm exam in math and science, in which you got a score of 80 and 90 respectively. The
mean scores and standard deviation for math are 75 and 4.5 while for science are 86 and 3.5. In which
exam did you perform better? Justify your answer.

Math
Mean 𝜇
75
Standard dev 𝜎
4.5
Score x
80
4 pts
Science 86 3.5 90 z-zcore for math: 1 pt

z-score for science: 1 pt

𝑥−𝜇 80−75
Math: 𝑧 = = = 1.11 Science (as the answer): 1 pt
𝜎 4.5
𝑥−𝜇 90−86 Explanation: 1 pt
Science: 𝑧 = = = 1.14
𝜎 3.5

You performed better in Science since you scored higher than the mean as indicated by higher z-score
(compared to Math).

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