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Class 10 Physics Formulas

This document provides an overview of important physics formulas for Class 10 students related to light, reflection, refraction, electricity, and heat. It includes the mirror formula, lens formula, magnification formula, Snell's law of refraction, formulas for resistance and current in series and parallel circuits, and formulas for power, heat, and Joule's law of heating relating current, resistance, potential difference, and time. Mastering these formulas is essential for solving numerical problems in Class 10 board exams on optics, electricity, and related topics.

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224 views7 pages

Class 10 Physics Formulas

This document provides an overview of important physics formulas for Class 10 students related to light, reflection, refraction, electricity, and heat. It includes the mirror formula, lens formula, magnification formula, Snell's law of refraction, formulas for resistance and current in series and parallel circuits, and formulas for power, heat, and Joule's law of heating relating current, resistance, potential difference, and time. Mastering these formulas is essential for solving numerical problems in Class 10 board exams on optics, electricity, and related topics.

Uploaded by

nikkyamitanya032
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 10 Physics Formulas

Light – Reflection and Refraction Formulas


For Class 10 students, this topic is very important, as they will study the same in Class 12
physics. Your foundation in Class 10 physics will definitely help you in your Class 12 physics
optics. The mirror formula, lens formula, and magnification formula are some of the important
ones that should be remembered to solve all the numerical problems related to light, reflection,
and refraction in Class 10 board exams. Check out the formulas below.

Radius of curvature (R)

R= 2f
f= Focal length
The distance between the pole and the principal focus of a spherical mirror is called the focal
length.

Focal length (f)


f=R/2
R= Radius of curvature
The radius of curvature is the distance between the centre of a curved surface and its curvature.
Mirror Formula

v= The distance of the image from the pole of the mirror is called the image distance.
u= The distance of the object from its pole is called the object distance
f= Focal length
Mirror Magnification
Magnification produced by a spherical mirror gives the relative extent to which the image of an
object is magnified with respect to the object's size

The magnification m is also related to the object distance (u) and image distance (v). It can be
expressed as:
Snell’s law of refraction
(This is true for angle 0 < i < 90o)
According to this law, the ratio of the sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction
is a constant, for the light of a given colour and for the given pair of media.

If c is the speed of light in air and v is the speed of light in the medium, then, the refractive index
of the medium nm is given by
Lens Formula

u= Object distance
v= Image distance
f= Focal length

Lens Magnification

Power of Lens
P=1/focal length(f)

Electricity Formulas

Current Formula

Q= Net charge
I= Current
t= Time
Potential difference
Potential difference (V) between two points = Work done (W)/Charge (Q)
V = W/Q

Ohm’s law
V∝I
V = IR

V= Potential difference
I= Current
R= Resistance

Resistance of the conductor


R∝l
R ∝ l/A

l= Length
A= Area of cross-section
ρ= (rho) is a constant of proportionality and is called the electrical resistivity of the material of
the conductor

Potential difference (In Series)

V = V1 + V2 + V3

Resistance (In Series)


Rs = R1 +R2 + R3

Current (In Series)


I = I1 + I2 + I3

Resistance (In Parallel)


1/Rp = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
Power Input

I= Current
V= Potential Difference
t= Time
Q= Charge

Study Current
H = VIt
H= Heat
V= Potential Difference
I= Current
t= Time

Joule’s law of heating


H = I2 Rt
H= Heat
R= Resistance
I= Current
t= Time

Electric Power
P = VI
Or
P = I2R = V2/R

P= Power
I= Current
V= Potential difference
R= Resistance

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