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Taylor Series Multiple Variable Function

Here are the solutions: (i) f(x, y) = xe y + 1 At (1,0), f(1,0) = 1, fx(1,0) = e^0 = 1, fy(1,0) = 0, fxx(1,0) = 0, fxy(1,0) = e^0 = 1, fyy(1,0) = 0 Taylor polynomial is: f(x, y) = 1 + (x - 1) + (y - 0) + 1/2 (x - 1)^2 (ii) f(x, y) = x√y At (1,2), f(1

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30 views

Taylor Series Multiple Variable Function

Here are the solutions: (i) f(x, y) = xe y + 1 At (1,0), f(1,0) = 1, fx(1,0) = e^0 = 1, fy(1,0) = 0, fxx(1,0) = 0, fxy(1,0) = e^0 = 1, fyy(1,0) = 0 Taylor polynomial is: f(x, y) = 1 + (x - 1) + (y - 0) + 1/2 (x - 1)^2 (ii) f(x, y) = x√y At (1,2), f(1

Uploaded by

makrosha11816
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Taylor polynomial for multiple variable functions:

For a function of two variables 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) whose first and second partial derivatives exist at the
point (𝑎, 𝑏),
the 2nd-degree Taylor polynomial of 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) near the point (𝑎, 𝑏) is:

𝑓𝑥𝑥 (𝑎, 𝑏)
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏) + 𝑓𝑥 (𝑎, 𝑏)(𝑥 − 𝑎) + 𝑓𝑦 (𝑎, 𝑏)(𝑦 − 𝑏) + (𝑥 − 𝑎)2
2
𝑓𝑦𝑦 (𝑎, 𝑏)
+ 𝑓𝑥𝑦 (𝑎, 𝑏)(𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑦 − 𝑏) + (𝑦 − 𝑏)2
2

Example:1

Determine the 1st- and 2nd-degree Taylor polynomial approximations for the following
function 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) of 𝑥 and 𝑦 near the given point.

𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = sin 2𝑥 + cos 𝑦 for (𝑥, 𝑦) near the point (0,0).

Solution:

𝑓𝑥 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 2 cos 2𝑥 and 𝑓𝑦 (𝑥, 𝑦) = − sin 𝑦


𝑓𝑥𝑥 (𝑥, 𝑦) = −4 sin 2𝑥, 𝑓𝑥𝑦 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 0 and 𝑓𝑦𝑦 (𝑥, 𝑦) = − cos 𝑦

At point (0,0), 𝑓(0,0) = sin 2(0) + cos 0 = 1


𝑓𝑥 (0,0) = 2 cos 2(0) = 2
𝑓𝑦 (0,0) = − sin 0 = 0
𝑓𝑥𝑥 (0,0) = −4 sin 2(0) = 0
𝑓𝑥𝑦 (0,0) = 0
𝑓𝑦𝑦 (0,0) = − cos 0 = −1

∴ 2nd-degree Taylor polynomial approximations is

𝑓𝑥𝑥 (𝑎, 𝑏)
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏) + 𝑓𝑥 (𝑎, 𝑏)(𝑥 − 𝑎) + 𝑓𝑦 (𝑎, 𝑏)(𝑦 − 𝑏) + (𝑥 − 𝑎)2
2
𝑓𝑦𝑦 (𝑎, 𝑏)
+ 𝑓𝑥𝑦 (𝑎, 𝑏)(𝑥 − 𝑎)(𝑦 − 𝑏) + (𝑦 − 𝑏)2
2

𝑓𝑥𝑥 (0,0)
𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑓(0,0) + 𝑓𝑥 (0,0)(𝑥 − 0) + 𝑓𝑦 (0,0)(𝑦 − 0) + (𝑥 − 0)2
2
𝑓𝑦𝑦 (0,0)
+ 𝑓𝑥𝑦 (0,0)(𝑥 − 0)(𝑦 − 0) + (𝑦 − 0)2
2
0 −1
= 1 + 2𝑥 + 2 𝑥 2 + (0)𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦2
2

𝑦2
= 1 + 2𝑥 − .
2

Exercises: Determine the 1st- and 2nd-degree Taylor polynomial approximations for the
following functions 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) of 𝑥 and 𝑦 near the given point.
(i) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑒 𝑦 + 1 for (𝑥, 𝑦) near the point (1,0).
(ii) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 √𝑦 for (𝑥, 𝑦) near the point (1,2).
(iii) 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 for (𝑥, 𝑦) near the point (0,0).

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