JavaScript: Bringing Web Pages to Life

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i What is JavaScript?
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JavaScript is a lightweight, interpreted programming language that adds interactivity and dynamic behavior to
o web pages. It's a client-side scripting language, meaning it runs directly in the user's browser without needing to
w be compiled or executed on a server.

Key Functions of JavaScript:

•Adding Interactivity: JavaScript allows you to create interactive elements on your web pages, such as:

•Animations
•Form validation
•Image galleries
•Drop-down menus
•Games
•Real-time updates
•Manipulating Data: JavaScript can be used to manipulate data in various ways, such as:

•Creating and modifying data structures like arrays and objects

•Performing calculations
•Sorting and filtering data
•Sending and receiving data from servers
•Enhancing User Experience: JavaScript can be used to enhance the user experience by making web pages
more engaging and interactive. For example, you can use JavaScript to:

•Create responsive layouts that adapt to different screen sizes

•Implement lazy loading for images and other resources
•Build single-page applications (SPAs) that provide a seamless user experience

Key Usage of JavaScript:

•Front-end development: JavaScript is an essential part of front-end development, where it's used to create
interactive and dynamic user interfaces.

•Back-end development: With the rise of Node.js, JavaScript can also be used for back-end development,
allowing you to build server-side applications.

•Mobile app development: JavaScript frameworks like React Native and Flutter allow you to build mobile apps
using JavaScript, making it a versatile language for cross-platform development.

Key Features of JavaScript:

•Easy to learn: JavaScript has a relatively simple syntax and abundant learning resources, making it a good
choice for beginners.

•Flexible and versatile: JavaScript can be used for various tasks and seamlessly integrates with HTML and
CSS.

•Event-driven: JavaScript reacts to user actions and browser events, allowing for real-time interaction.
•Object-oriented: JavaScript supports objects and methods for code organization and object-oriented
programming.

•Dynamic: JavaScript allows you to modify web pages dynamically, creating more engaging and interactive
experiences.

•Community-driven: JavaScript boasts a large and active community that provides support and resources for
developers.
 Difference between Java and JavaScript

Java JavaScript

Java is a strongly typed language and

variables must be declared first to use in the JavaScript is a loosely typed language and has
program. In Java, the type of a variable is a more relaxed syntax and rules.
checked at compile-time.

Java is an object-oriented programming

JavaScript is a scripting language used for
language primarily used for developing
creating interactive and dynamic web pages.
complex enterprise applications.

contained within a web page and integrates

Java is a Standalone language.
with its HTML content.

Java has a thread-based approach to Javascript has an event-based approach to

concurrency. concurrency.

Java supports multithreading, which allows JavaScript does not support multithreading,
multiple threads of execution to run although it can simulate it through the use of
concurrently within a single program. web workers.

Java has a rich set of libraries and

JavaScript has a wide variety of libraries and
frameworks for building enterprise
frameworks for building web applications,
applications, such as Spring, Hibernate, and
such as React, Angular, and Vue.
Struts.

Javascript is used for the frontend and backend

Java is mainly used for backend
both.

Java is statically typed, which means that JavaScript is dynamically typed, which means
data types are determined at compile time. that data types are determined at runtime.

Java is typically used on the server-side for JavaScript is primarily used on the client-side
building web applications, as well as for for building web applications, although it can
 Java JavaScript

also be used on the server-side with

desktop and mobile applications.
technologies like Node.js.

Java uses more memory Javascript uses less memory.

Java requires a Java Development Javascript requires any text editor or browser
Kit(JDK) to run the code console to run the code
 JavaScript Identifiers and Variables

• JavaScript Identifiers
JavaScript variables must have unique names. These names are called Identifiers.

There are some basic rules to declare a variable in JavaScript:

•These are case-sensitive
•Can only begin with a letter, underscore(“_”) or “$” symbol
•It can contain letters, numbers, underscore, or “$” symbol
•A variable name cannot be a reserved keyword.

•We can declare variables in JavaScript in three ways:

•JavaScript var keyword
•JavaScript let keyword
•JavaScript const keyword
var geek = "Hello Geek" // Declaration using var
let $ = "Welcome" // Declaration using let
const _example = "Gfg" // Declaration using const

• When to Use var, let, or const

•We declare variables using const if the value should not be changed
•We use const if the type of the variables should not be changed such as working with Arrays and
objects
•We should use let if not using const
JavaScript Program – Reverse a number
Examples of JavaScript in action:

•Interactive forms: JavaScript can be used to validate user input in forms, making sure they provide correct
information.

•Image galleries: JavaScript can be used to create image galleries that allow users to view and navigate images
easily.

•Animations: JavaScript can be used to create animations, adding visual interest and interactivity to web pages.

•Real-time updates: JavaScript can be used to update web pages in real-time, such as displaying live stock
prices or updating chat messages.
 Content
1. What is JavaScript?

2. Key Functions of JavaScript.

3. Key Usage of JavaScript.

4. Key Features of JavaScript

5. Difference between Java and JavaScript

6. JavaScript Identifiers and Variables

7. JavaScript Program – Reverse a number

8. Examples of JavaScript in action