PPD Muar - Bio Trial Sem 1 STPM 2022 - MS

Answer Scheme (Term 1 Trial Exam 2022)
Section A
1 D 6 D 11 D
2 B 7 D 12 B
3 C 8 C 13 C
4 B 9 B 14 A
5 C 10 C 15 C
Section B [15 marks]
16 a) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium 1m
b) (i)  Mucus 1m
(ii)  Goblet cell 1m
c) (i)  Organelle A transport protein made by ribosomes and budded off as 1m

transport vesicle. 1m
 Transport vesicle send the protein to organelle B to be processed/ modified
and package. 1m
 The protein is then budded off from B as secretory vesicle.
(ii)  By exocytosis 1m
(iii)  Nucleus 1m
TOTAL 8m
17 a) (i)  Light intensity 1m
(ii)  It is due to the saturation of light, the rate of photosynthesis is limited by 1m

other limiting factor such as temperature
b)  At low light intensity, light is the major limiting factor affecting the light 1m
reaction/ light dependant reaction.
 At high light intensity, temperature becomes limiting factor affecting 1m
enzyme catalyzed reaction in dark reaction/ light independent reaction/
Calvin cycle
c) i)  Carbon dioxide level/ concentration 1m
ii)  Low level of carbon dioxide resulting less RuBP is used to fix with carbon 1m
dioxide in Calvin cycle.
 Less glycerate phosphate is produced resulting less glucose is formed 1m
TOTAL 7m
Section C [30 marks]

NO ANSWERS MARKS
18 a i 1. In starch glycosidic bonds is formed from condensation of α-glucose units, 1 2
whereas in cellulose glycosidic bonds is formed from condensation of β-glucose
units.
2. In starch a polymer of α-glucose units linked by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds, branched
chain is linked by α-1,6 glycosidic bonds to linear chain; whereas 1
in cellulose (it is alternate) β-glucose units in the chain (rotate 180 oC) are linked by
β-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
ii 1. Starch is made up of 2 component, amylose and amylopectin. 8

2. Amylose coil in helix shape while amylopectin has branched chains.
3. Amylose entangles in the branched chain of amylopectin.
4. This form a complex and compact starch molecules.
5. This enable starch to act as energy storage molecule as it save space for storage.
6. Starch is insoluble in water. It can stored in large amounts with little effect on the
water potential of plant cell.
7. Cellulose is made up of long unbranched chain of β-glucose units ( linked by β-
1,4 glucose bonds.)
8. Cellulose chains run parallel and closely to one another and are held by hydrogen
bonds.
9. The chains group together to form microfibrils which are arranged to form macro
fibrils in the cell wall of plant cell.
10. This gives cellulose high tensile strength and rigidity.
11. Cellulose in cell wall prevent plant cell from rupturing/ bursting when water enter
by osmosis.
12. Turgid cell provide support for herbaceous plants.
Starch : point 1-9, point 7 & 8 must include (max: 4m)

cellulose : point 10-16, pt 14 & 15 must include (max: 4m)
b 1. The plasma membrane is composed of phospholipid bilayer and embedded with 5

protein molecules.
2. Each phospholipid molecule has hydrophilic head facing outwards as they attracted Any
to aqueous environment outside the cell and cytoplasm, while hydrophobic tails 5
face inwards that repel water where the molecule attracted to each other.
3. The phospholipid molecules and protein molecules can move about laterally
making the membrane fluid.
4. The mosaic pattern is caused by the scattered / irregular arrangement of protein
molecules within the bilayer.
5. Cholesterol are inserted among phospholipid molecules to regulate membrane
fluidity.
6. There are integral / intrinsic / transmembrane proteins that are fully or partially
embedded in the membrane // peripheral proteins that are bound loosely to the
surface of membrane. [The majority of integral proteins are transmembrane
proteins (comprise of channel proteins / pore proteins and carrier proteins).]
7. Short carbohydrate chain / oligosaccharide attaches to protein forming glycoprotein
// Short carbohydrate chain / oligosaccharide attaches to phospholipid forming
glycolipid
NO ANSWERS MARKS
19 a  Two types of bones: 6

1) Compact bone 1
2) Spongy bone. 1
 Functions of the bones:

1) Provides support to the body and protects the internal organs. 1
2) Provides a skeleton for attachment of muscles to enable movement. 1
3) Act as a reservoir / storage area for calcium and phosphorus in the body. 1
4) Site for blood cell production in the bone. 1
5) Give body shape and provide framework for support, example the 1
skeleton
Any
4
b i 1. The active site of enzyme is flexible / not exactly complementary to 1 5
substrate.
2. When the substrate bind onto the active site, it induces conformational 1
changes in the active site.
3. This causes substrate to complementary fits into the active site to form an 1
enzyme-substrate complex.
4. This causes breaking of existing bonds and forming of new bonds. 1
5. The product is formed and the enzyme reverts to its original conformation. 1
i  KM is the Michaelis-Menten constant that shows the affinity of the substrate 1 4

i for the enzyme.
 Km is the substrate concentration at ½ Vmax. 1
 The lower the KM value is, the greater is the affinity between the substrate 1
and the enzyme.
 The higher the KM value is, the less is the affinity between the substrate and 1
the enzyme.
TOTAL 15
NO ANSWERS MARKS
20 a 1. The electron supplied by NADH and FADH2 enter the electron transport 1 10
system which consists of a series of electron carriers, ( namely
flavoprotein (FAD), coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) and cytochromes.)
2. These electron carrier are located in the inner membrane of 1
mitochondrion.
3. NADH and FADH2 are oxidised when they transfer their electrons to the 1
electron carriers in electron transport system/ chain
4. When the electrons are passed from one carrier to another, redox reaction 1
occurs to release energy.
5. The final carrier in the chain, cytochrome a + a3 / cytochrome oxidase 1
transfers electrons to final electron acceptor, the oxygen molecule
6. which then combine with two protons (H+) to form water. 1
7. Energy released from redox reaction is used by proton pump to pump 1
hydrogen ion (H+) from the matrix into intermembrane space
8. This build up high concentration of proton in the intermembrane space 1
9. As The hydrogen ion then diffuse out of the intermembrane space through 1
ATP synthase / ATPase back into the matrix
10. the energy is used to synthesis ATP from ADP and phosphate groups by 1
oxidative phosphorylation.
11. Each NADH generates 3 ATP and each FADH2 generates 2 ATP. 1
Any
10
b 1. Occurs in the absence / lack of oxygen // anaerobic condition 1 5
2. Glucose undergoes glycolysis 1
3. Produces pyruvate 1
4. Produces 2 net ATPs by substrate-level phosphorylation 1
5. Pyruvate will be reduced to lactate 1
6. NADH will be oxidised to NAD+ // NAD+ is regenerated 1
Any
5
TOTAL 15

PPD Muar - Bio Trial Sem 1 STPM 2022 - MS

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PPD Muar - Bio Trial Sem 1 STPM 2022 - MS

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

PPD Muar - Bio Trial Sem 1 STPM 2022 - MS

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Answer Scheme (Term 1 Trial Exam 2022)

Section B [15 marks]

16 a) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium 1m

(ii)  Goblet cell 1m

c) (i)  Organelle A transport protein made by ribosomes and budded off as 1m

17 a) (i)  Light intensity 1m

(ii)  It is due to the saturation of light, the rate of photosynthesis is limited by 1m

Section C [30 marks]

ii 1. Starch is made up of 2 component, amylose and amylopectin. 8

Starch : point 1-9, point 7 & 8 must include (max: 4m)

b 1. The plasma membrane is composed of phospholipid bilayer and embedded with 5

19 a  Two types of bones: 6

 Functions of the bones:

i  KM is the Michaelis-Menten constant that shows the affinity of the substrate 1 4

You might also like