Cambridge IGCSE™

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY 0417/11

Paper 1 Theory May/June 2023
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 80

Published

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the
examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the
details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have
considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2023 series for most
Cambridge IGCSE, Cambridge International A and AS Level and Cambridge Pre-U components, and some
Cambridge O Level components.

This document consists of 9 printed pages.

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Generic Marking Principles

These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers.
They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors
for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

 the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question
 the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question
 the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

 marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit
is given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme,
referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
 marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
 marks are not deducted for errors
 marks are not deducted for omissions
 answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these
features are specifically assessed by the question as indicated by the mark scheme. The
meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently, e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question
(however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate
responses seen).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

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Question Answer Marks

1 Text 1

Question Answer Marks

2(a) Random Access Memory//RAM 1

2(b) Motherboard 1

2(c) Graphics card 1

2(d) Network (interface) Card/NIC 1

Question Answer Marks

3 Two from: 2
Connecting a storage device to the computer by (USB) cable Connecting a
storage device by Bluetooth
Connecting a storage device/cloud by wi-fi

Question Answer Marks

4(a) Two from: 2

Retrieves code from the server//Downloads information resources
Interprets the code as a web page//Uses page resources to build a web
page//Runs the code
The web page is displayed//Renders web page to view
Allows the user to navigate to other information
Runs 'client-side' scripts on the web page

4(b) Two from: 2

Intranet shares data within an organisation whereas Extranet shares content
with customers/suppliers
Intranet allows communication within the organisation whereas Extranet
allows communication with customers/suppliers
Intranet is owned is by a single organisation whereas Extranet can be used by
several organisations
Extranet is part of a company’s intranet
Extranet can lead to more security breaches

Question Answer Marks

5(a) Electrocution 1

5(b) Fire 1

5(c) Tripping 1

5(d) Heavy equipment falling and injuring people 1

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Question Answer Marks

6(a) Six from: 6

Benefits
It is a strong password
Hard to crack
More secure
Password is long therefore shoulder surfing is reduced
Does not contain personal information so harder to crack

Drawbacks
Easy to forget as it has many different characters
Even though it is still strong it is easy for a computer to crack
The user would have to look at the keyboard when entering the password
The user may have to write it down to remember it
Letters and numbers could be confused…
…such as 1 and I, 2 and Z, 5 and S
As it is long/complex it could be mis-typed

To gain full marks candidates must have correct answers for both
benefits and drawbacks

6(b) Two from: 2

Retina scan
Fingerprint/thumbprint
Iris scan
Facial recognition
Voice recognition

Question Answer Marks

7(a) Three from: 3

Observation
Interviews
Questionnaires
Examination of existing documents

7(b) Four from: 4

Documentation is uploaded to the cloud
Access is given to members of the team
Members of the team log into the cloud
Members of the team open the documentation
Members of the team update the documentation
Documentation is synced
Can be tracked by the owner of the document
Several copies of the document are made

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Question Answer Marks

7(c) Three matched pairs: 6

More difficult to carry out projects ...
... as individuals are working on their own
Difficult to form relationships with staff ...
... as individuals are working on their own
Requires a good/fast/reliable internet connection ...
... as documents/images may require more bandwidth
Requires specialist hardware/software ...
... can be expensive to purchase
Time zone differences …
… as staff work in other parts of the world/time of meeting may be difficult
May require training …
… this may take time/expensive
Communication issues …
... causing lip syncing/lagging
Disconnection issues/speed of the internet …
… members of the meeting miss sections/meeting
Background noise/echo …
… could be distracting
Users could be distracted …
… not pay attention to the meeting

Question Answer Marks

8(a) Six from: 6

Similarities
Both read/scan data using optical methods
Both use direct data entry
Both are input devices
Both read data from printed documents
Both input large amounts of data
Both read data very quickly

Differences
OMR does not need to read the characters written only the marks OMR is
unable to recognise machine or hand-printed characters For OMR to read,
marks need to be within a specified area
The OMR marks have to be in the correct location

OCR is more accurate at reading detailed data

Data read from an OCR can be manipulated by word processing software
OCR requires manual intervention to change the scanned words.

To gain full marks candidates must have correct answers for both
similarities and differences

8(b) Two from, for example: 2

Lottery tickets
Bar codes//QR codes
Multiple Choice forms//Questionaries
Attendance registers

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Question Answer Marks

9(a)(i) Two from: 2

Absolute file paths contain a complete URL/full file path with file name
Contents of the URL include protocol, the website's domain name, specific
file, subfolder, page name – 1 mark awarded for at least two named
Relative file paths only include a specific file or page
This is relative to the current path//starts from the same folder as the web
page.

9(a)(ii) One from: 1

If the web pages have moved then the references refer to an old/previous file
path
Hyperlinks will not work

9(b) Four from: 4

Similarities
Both are links (in a web page)
Both can be attached to icons/text/graphics
Both are html tags used on web pages
Both are used for navigation
Both are coded as html tags starting with <A...>

Differences
An anchor allows the user to move from one part of a web page to another
part.
An anchor is a label that identifies a specific position in a document//An
anchor is within a hyperlink
An anchor needs a point set in the document and a link//A hyperlink only
needs the link and a web address
The code within an anchor will either be "name.." or "id.."
An anchor determines a fixed point on a web page that is used as a bookmark
An anchor can be placed at any point on a web page
A hyperlink allows the user to move from one web page to another web
page/website
The code within a hyperlink can be "href..", "rel..”, “target..”
A hyperlink can be attached to a block of text or image
A hyperlink can be clicked on to cause another web page or part of the same
web page to be displayed
A hyperlink can redirect a user to an anchor by including its name
A hyperlink is clickable

To gain full marks candidates must have correct answers for both
similarities and differences

10(a) Two from: 2

Software that interacts through speech recognition
Uses the spoken word/voice …
… to carry out actions/control devices

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Question Answer Marks

10(b) Four from: 4

Benefits
Allows for hands free control
Safer than using a standard interface
More useful for physically disabled users

Drawbacks
Limited access due to the number of commands stored
More expensive to develop
May not operate reliably due to background noise/speech impediment/accents
Need to be ‘trained’ by the user
Can be distracting if the commands are not understood

To gain full marks there must be correct benefits and drawbacks

Question Answer Marks

11 Four from: 4
The SSD is more portable
The seek time in the SSD is smaller
The data transfer rate in the SSD is better/smaller
There is less chance of the data becoming corrupted as it can save whilst the
drive is being moved
The SSD is smaller/thinner
The SSD uses less energy
SSD is more robust as no moving parts

Question Answer Marks

12(a) Two from: 2

Live or recorded content
Delivered to computers/mobile devices via the internet
Played back in real time/on demand.
Allows the user to view the media without downloading it

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Question Answer Marks

12(b) Four from: 4

Benefits
Instant access to the media
Saves time rather than downloading/going to the shops
No need for storage space as there is no copy

Drawbacks
Requires an internet connection
Requires a good internet/bandwidth connection otherwise buffering
Don’t get to keep the product
Online security issue related to the subscription
Technology could fail in the middle of the stream
If media is downloaded it is time locked

To gain full marks candidates must have correct answers for both
benefits and drawbacks

Question Answer Marks

13(a) gif 2
One from:
Used to store animated/moving images
Used to store icons/simple logos

jpg
One from:
Used to store photographic images
Used to store graphics with complex colours and gradients

13(b) Six from 6

gif
Graphics Interchange Format
Supported by all web browsers
Can be animated images
Supports 8-bit colours/256 colours/limited
Features background transparency
Image quality never degrades with resaves

jpg
Joint Photographic (Experts) Group
Supports 24-bit colours/16.7 million colours//More colours
Image quality degrades slightly when a JPG is resaved.
Uses lossy compression
No background transparency
Enlarging the image can cause pixelation
Image quality is better

To gain full marks candidates must have correct answers for both gif
and jpg

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Question Answer Marks

13(c) Two from: 2

Change the resolution/quality of the image
Reduce the colour/bit depth
Change the compression method//Compress the file
Reduce layers

Question Answer Marks

14(a) Proofreading 1

14(b) Validation 1

14(c) Verification 1

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