Scribd
Upload
33 views4 pages

Tangent Line

The document defines and provides examples of calculating the slope (m) of a tangent line to various curves at given points. It discusses: 1) The tangent line passes through exactly one point on a plane or curve, with its slope defined as the limit of the rise over run as a point approaches the tangent point. 2) Examples are shown finding the tangent line slope and equation for a hyperbola and parabola at given points, using both the point-slope formula and limit definition of the derivative. 3) The last example finds the equation of the tangent line to the curve y = x^3 - x at the point (2,3), calculating the slope as the limit of

Uploaded by

CM Avenido
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
33 views4 pages

Tangent Line

The document defines and provides examples of calculating the slope (m) of a tangent line to various curves at given points. It discusses: 1) The tangent line passes through exactly one point on a plane or curve, with its slope defined as the limit of the rise over run as a point approaches the tangent point. 2) Examples are shown finding the tangent line slope and equation for a hyperbola and parabola at given points, using both the point-slope formula and limit definition of the derivative. 3) The last example finds the equation of the tangent line to the curve y = x^3 - x at the point (2,3), calculating the slope as the limit of

Uploaded by

CM Avenido
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Tangent Line

• A line that passes on a plane or curve at exactly one point. Leibniz defined it as the line through a pair
of infinitely close points on the curve.

• A line that passes on a plane or curve at exactly two points.

Tangent lint to the curve y = f (x) at the point P (a , f (a)) is the through P.

f ( x )−f (a)
m= lim x → a
x −a

If we let x = h + a then h = x – a

f ( h+a )−f (a)


m PQ =
h
f ( h+ a )−f (a)
m= lim h → 0
h

Example 2:
Find the equation of the tangent line to the hyperbola y = 3 / x at point ( 3 , 1 )
Solution:

f ( h+3 )−1
m= lim h → 0
h
3
¿ f ( a )=f ( 3 )= =1
3
3
¿ f ( h+ 3 )=
h+3
3
−1
m= lim h → 0 h+ 3
h
3−h−3 −1 −1
m= = =
h+3 h+3 3
h

y – y 1 = m ( x – 3 ) apply the point-slope form

−1
y−1= (x−3)
3
−x +3
y−1=
3
3 y−3=−x +3
x +3 y−6=0

In this example let’s use the 2 formulas of finding slope.

Example 3:
Find the slope of the tangent line to the parabola y = 4x – x 2 at point ( 1 , 3 )

f (x )−f (a)
a. m = lim x → a
x−a
m = lim x → 1
4 x−x 2 ( 4 a−a2 )
x −a
2
4 x−x ( 4−1 )
m = lim x → 1
x−1
m = lim x → 1
4 x−x 2 ( 4 a−a2 )
x −a
2
−(x +4 x +3)
m = lim x → 1
x−1
m = lim x → 1 = −x +3
m = lim x → 1 = −1+3=2

f ( x+ h )−f (x )
b. m = lim h → 0
h
m = lim h → 0 4 ( x+ h )−( x +h )2

2
¿ 4 x+ 4 h−x −2 xh−h ²
m = lim h → 0 4 x+ 4 h−x 2−2 xh−h2 −4 x + x ²
2
m = lim h →
4 h−2 xh−h
h
h ( 4−2 x−h )
m = lim h → 0
h
m = lim h → 0 4−2 ( 1 )−h
m = lim h → 0 4−2−0=2

Example 4:
Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve y = x 3 – x at the point ( 2 , 3 )

f ( h+ a )−f ( a )
m = lim x → 0
h
f ( h+2 ) −f (2)
m = lim x → 0
h
f ( h + a ) = ( h+2 )2 −(h+ 2)

= h3 +6 h2+ 12h+ 8−h−2

= h3 +6 h2+ 11h+6

f(2)=6
3
f h +6 h ²+ 11h+6−6
m = lim x → 0
h
3 2
h +6 h +11h
m = lim x → 0
h
2
h(h +6 h+11)
m = lim x → 0
h
m = lim x → 0 h2 +6 h+ 11=02+ 6 ( 0 ) +11

m = 0+ 0+11 , m=11
y – y 1 = m ( x – x 1)
y – 3 = 11 ( x – 2 )
y – 3 = 11x – 22
11x – y – 19 = 0

You might also like