CHAPTER 3

Literature Review

3.1 Literature Review

Following are the concise and to the point details of several research papers. This review of
numerous literatures gives us an idea that to what extent researchers have been deep diving in the
study of solar panel re cleaner.

Nagesh Maindad , Akshay Gadhave , Suraj Satpute ,Babita Nanda et.al (2020) carried out a study
about the cleaning of a solar panel.

Author (Year) Objective Method Parameters Conclusion

• Nagesh Maindad a ,  To clean the solar • Working on • Solar Panel • This automated cleaning
Akshay Gadhave b , panel effectively. GSM module. Max Power = 20 Watt system mainly focuses on small
Suraj Satpute c ,Babita  To clean the • Battery system but adding some normal
Nanda d . (2020) solar panel on Voltage = 12 Volt changes in system it can be
daily basis. Capacity = 10 Ah useful for over a large array.
 To improve • GSM Module • r system can be installed on
overall solar panel Operating Voltage = solar street light or also on solar
efficiency. 3.4V – 4.4V roof top systems
 To avoid the • Helical Gear DC
manual work. Motor
 To avoid dust, Operating Voltage =
dirt and moisture 12 Volts
associated on solar Speed = 30 RPM
panel Stall torque = 18.8kg-
cm
• Limit Switch
Voltage rating = 12
volts
Current rating = 2
amp
• DC Submersible
Pump
Operating Voltage =
2.6 – 6 volts
•Microcontroller
Operating Voltage =
2.7 -5.5 volts
No of timers and
counters =3
• LCD Display
Operating Voltage =
4.7 – 5.3 Volts
• Brush
Made by nylon
material
 • Frame
Mild Steel
• Aman Viroja1 , Rahul • To clean the solar •The cleaning •Material of Frame saving water, time and money.
Vashi2 , Prof.Bhavesh panel effectively. unit moves on C 45 (Mild Steel) In general the technique used,
Patel3 , Prof.Chintan K •To make the the central •Battery specification total cost of solar panel
Patel4 , Prof.Rohit system automated spline in a back Output Voltage = 12V maintenance goes around 5% of
Sahu5 Student1 , using Adriano. and forth Output Ampere = 7AH total plant cost annually but
Student2 , Assistant • To avoid the motion. Output Power = 84 cleaning done by robot reduced
Proffesor3 , Assistant manual work. W/h it by 2%.
Proffesor4 , Assistant • To avoid dust Efficiency = 42 W/h
Proffesor5 associated •Design of motor
1Department of problems on solar Power = 100 W, 12V
Mechanical panels. RPM = 100 rpm
Engineering (June • To remove Sticky Torque = 5729.6Nmm
2020) Dust by adding •Water Pump
water sprayer Specification
Voltage = 220V
• Omur Akyazi, Erdinc • To clean the solar • Cleaning • Cleaning brush. The proposed system
Sahin, Timur Ozso panel effectively. • Control unit reduces the effect of dusting on
(Oct 2019) • To avoid the through • 9V DC motor for the output power of the PV
manual work. rotating the brush (2 panels. This system is deigned in
Designed device
• To avoid dust pieces). short time period and also, the
completes the
associated •9V DC motor that tests are
cleaning
problems on solar allows the brush to likewise. However, more testing
process
panels move up and down. of the device will be done to
automatically
• Special design ensure the reliability.
with limit and
pallet. It provides the
distance
right and left
sensors
movement of the
device without rail
(2 pieces).
• DC motor for
rotating pallets.
• Limit sensor used to
check if the brush is
at the top.
• Limit sensor used to
check if the brush is
at the bottom.
• Limit sensor used to
check if the device is
at the
parking/charging
station.
• UItrasonic distance
sensor used to
check whether the
panel array of the
device is finished.
• Rail of the
mechanism with up
 and down
movement of the
brush.
• Movement
mechanism
connected to rail.

• Nikhath Anjum • Design a • An auto- • IR sensor •The automatic cleaning system

Keerthana A.S mechanism to cleaning robot Operating Voltage = is an innovative technology used
Meghana . P Smt. detect obstacles to reduce the 5V or 3.3V DC to clean the accumulated dust,
Thilagavathy R (2018) on solar panels accumulated • LCD dirt, pollen, sea salt and bird
causing significant dust through IR Operating Voltage = dropping on the solar panel. It
loss of power. sensor 4.7 – 5.3 Volts reduces the human interference
•Improve overall • Micro- controller and in future it may have scope
solar panel • Limit Sensor to detect more obstacles i.e.
efficiency. Operating Amperes = oil , snow fog,soil.
25 amp

• Ram Jatan Yadav, • To thoroughly • An Automatic • Supporting Frame • Reduced power due to dust
Lakshay Saini, clean the solar drive system According to weather accumulation, cost reduction for
Devashish, Rishabh panel. that works conditions. the overall cleaning of solar
Tomar, Vipul Rana • To increase solar along with the •Guide blocks panel, manual labour for
(July 2020) panel efficiency all length of solar •Leadscrew cleaning which has inevitable
around. panels which is •Rotating Cleaning physical harms is avoided,
• To prevent the controlled by cloth reduced time for cleaning.
accumulation of base circuit and Mostly nylon cloth
dust, debris, and trigger the •Cleaning block
moisture on solar cleaning system Made up of micro
panels of solar panels fibre cloth.
with the help of
switches.
• • To ensure •Exhaust fan • Arduino UNO • An automatic solar panel
1 sustainable works as an air Power = 0.5W cleaning system is proposed and
Md. Rawshan Habib , environment blower which • DC gear motor built with easily available
Md Shahnewaz • Routine initially removes Power = 2.7W per components. The system is
2 maintenance of the dust from motor inexpensive and does not
Tanvir , Ahmed solar panel the surface of • Motor drive module require any water to do cleaning
3 • An automatic and solar panel Power = 0.18W operations. Thus, wastage of
Yousuf Suhan , economic solar • LDR sensor water is avoided here.
1 panel cleaning
Abhishek Vadher , Power = 0.25W
system.
2 • Fan
Sanim Alam , Tahsina Power = 5W per fan
2 • Buck boost
Tashrif Shawmee , converter
2 Power = 6 – 70W
Koushik Ahmed ,
anAbdelrhman
Alrashed

• Prajwal Gajbhiye*1, • The general aim •The control • AC to DC convertor • Cleaning and control of Solar
Yash Salame*2, Vinay of this thesis is to system Power = 12V, 1.5amp, PV module cleaning mechanism
Choudhary*3, Achal make a cleaning consisting 18 watts along with water pump and soft
Ranpise*4, Disha system for solar learning driver • L298N Motor Driver material with introduction of
Raut*5, Khushal panels using water configurations, module Arduino uno and driver circuit.
Manik*6, Mr. and soft material C coding and its • 78M05 Voltage The main idea is to clean the
Bhupendra Kumar*7 to improve the interference Regulator surface of solar panel with get
(Jan 2023) efficiency. with the • Resistors accumulated due to dirt
• Make the electrical • Capacitor particles, which will increase its
cleaning system component. • 5V jumper efficiency results into maximum
simple and • Arduino Uno power transfer to the connected
automated. Operating voltage of load
• A cleaning 5V
system that does Current rating of
not affect the 40mA
quality of the Water Pump
original solar Operating Voltage =
panel. An 12V
environment
friendly cleaning
system.
• Design a solar
panel cleaner
which can
maintain the
efficiency of solar
panels