EXPERIMENT 9

INTRODUCTION TO WORLD WIDE WEB

Objective
 To acquaint the students with basic knowledge of World Wide Web, and to describe the
differences between a web page, a website, a web server, and a search engine.
 To introduce students with some of the useful features of web browser and some websites

Time Required : 3 hrs

Programming Language : NIL
Software Required : Web Browser
Hardware Required : Computer System, Active Internet

World Wide Web:

The World Wide Web (WWW or W3), commonly known as the Web, is an information system
where documents and other web resources are identified/accessed by Uniform Resource Locators
(URL), which may be interlinked by hyperlinks, and are accessible over the Internet.
OR
World Wide Web is the collection publicly accessible websites.

Website (or Web Site):

A website is a collection of web pages and related content that is identified by a common domain
name and published on at least one web server. e.g. uetmardan.edu.pk, uop.edu.pk, google.com,
etc.

Web Page:
A document which can be displayed in a web browser such as Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera,
etc. It contains hypertext, a text which contains links to other texts. The links in hypertext are
called hyperlinks. e.g. anchor tag in HTML is used to create hyperlinks.

HTML:
“Hyper Text Markup Language” is a computer language that uses tags to define elements within
a document. It is human-readable and contains standard words, rather than typical programming
syntax.
Web browser:
A web browser is application software for accessing the World Wide Web. When a user follows
the URL of a web page from a particular website, the web browser retrieves the necessary
content from the website's web server and then displays the page on the user's device.
It has the following main useful components you should know at this stage.
1. Incognito Window
Incognito mode, also known as private browsing mode, stops your web browser from
saving data about you as you browse.

2. Bookmark
With bookmarks, you can save shortcuts to your favorite webpages and navigate to them
in seconds from anywhere.
3. Plugins, Add-ons and Extensions
These are small software that enable users to customize the browsing experience and
extends the usability of the browser.

Web Server:
A computer that hosts a website on the Internet. The client (Web browser) send request and the
server send responses to the client.

Search Engine:
A website that helps you find other web pages/websites, such as Google, Bing, Yahoo, or
DuckDuckGo. Search engines are normally accessed through a web browser.
URL:
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. A URL is the address of a given unique resource on
the Web. E.g.
https://uetmardan.edu.pk

https://www.uetmardan.edu.pk/uetm/Department/computersciencedept

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/search?q=URL

A URL is composed of different parts, some mandatory and others optional. The most important
parts are highlighted on the URL below.

Scheme  Protocol
Domain Name  unique identifier for the website
Port  Access the resources/processes on the web server
Path to the file  Path to specific file
Parameters  parameters provided to the functions on server
Anchor  an link to another part of the web page itself

Languages used for Programming Websites:

Client Side:
 HTML
 CSS
 JavaScript
Server Side:
 PHP
 Java
 C# (C Sharp)
 Python
 Ruby on Rails
Some Useful websites:
1. https://builtwith.com/
2. https://stackoverflow.com/
3. https://github.com/
4. https://www.w3schools.com/
5. https://www.photopea.com/
6. https://www.envato.com/
 EXERCISE
Exercise 9.1 [5]

What is World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)?

Exercise 9.2 [5]

1. Using web convert this Lab document from docx format to jpg format.
2. Using web convert this Lab document from docx format to PDF format.
3. Using web convert the obtained PDF document to images (jpg or png).

Exercise 9.3 [5]

Search for online OCR (Optical Character Reader) and convert the given image (image.PNG)
into text.

Exercise 9.4 [5]

Search for the following chrome extensions and install it.
1. Email tracker
2. GoFullPage - Full Page Screen Capture
3. Screen Recorder
After installing these extensions take snapshots of the screen and attach it below.