MATHEMATICS

CHAPTER- 4:QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

TYPE 1: FACTOR METHOD (x + 4) (2x + 5) =0
either (x +4) = 0or (2x +5) =0
Find the roots of the quadratic equations X+4 =0 or 2x +5=0
by factor method. 5
X= -4 or x= -
Sx- 4x - 12 =0 2
1) The roots are - 4&
5
5x- 10x + 6x -12 = 0
5x (x - 2) +6 (x- 2) = 0 5) 3x- X-10 = 0
(x-2) (5x +6) =0 3x-6x + 5x- 10 =0
either (x- 2) =0 or (5x +6) =0 3x (x -2) +5 (x -2) =0
X-2 =0 or 5x +6=0 (x - 2) (3x+5) = 0
X=2 or x= either (x - 2) = 0or (3x +5) =0
5
6
X-2 =0 or 3x +5=0
The roots are 2 & x=2 or x=
2) 4x'- 21x+ 20 = 0 The roots are 2&
4x² - 16x - 5x + 20 = 0 10x-3x - 4 = 0
4x (x - 4) -5(x-4) =0 10x²-8x + 5x- 4=0
(x - 4) (4x-5) =0 2x (5x - 4) + 1 (5x - 4) =0
either (x - 4) = 0 or (4x-5) = 0 (5x - 4)(2x + 1)= 0
X-4=0 or 4x-5 =0 either (5x - 4) = 0 or (2x + 1) =0
X=4 or x= 5x - 4= 0or 2x +1=0
1
.. The roots are 4 &
4 x=or x=
4
3) 6x + 5x -6=0 The roots are &
6x + 9x - 4x -6 = 0 7) 3x +13x -30 =0
3x (2x +3 )-2 (2x +3) =0 3x+ 18x -5x-30 =0
(2x +3)(3x - 2) =0 3x (x+6)-5(x+6)=0
either (2x +3 )=0 or (3x - 2) =0 (x+6) (3x -5) =0
2x +3 = 0or 3x -2 =0 either (x +6)=0or (3x-5) =0
x=or x= 3 X+6= 0 or 3x -5 =0
5
X=-6 or x=
3
.. The roots are -
3 The roots are -6 &
4) 2x'+ 13x +20 = 0 8) 4x²-15x +14 =0
2x² +8x +5x + 20 =0 4x² - 8x - 7x + 14 = 0
2x (x +4) +5 (x +4) =0 4x (x -2) - 7(x - 2)=0
 (x- 2) (4x-7) = 0 10) 8x² -14x + 3 = 0
either (x- 2) = 0 or (4x -7) =0 11) 12x? - 4x -5 = 0
X-2 = 0or 4xX- 7=0 12. 9x?- 15x + 4 = 0
7
X=2 or x= 13. 4x' + 15x -25 = 0
4
The roots are 2 & 14. 11x? - 45x + 4 =0
15. 7p²+ 12p +5 =0
9) 12x² +21 x -6= 0 16. 10x²-9 x-7= 0
12x² + 24x - 3x-6 =0 17. 2m²+ 3m - 20= 0
12x (x +2) -3 (x+ 2)=0 18. 6x? -x- 15= 0
(x+ 2) (12x - 3)=0 19. 15p' + 2p -8= 0
either ( + 2) = 0 or (12x-3 ) = 0
20. 8y- 11y-10= 0
X+2= 0 or 12x -3 = 0
3 Ans :
X=-2 or x=
12

X=-2 or x=
The roots are -2
1)
(1) 2.
)
10) 9x-12 x-5=0
3) 4.
G)
9x² - 15x + 3x -5=0 5) 6. (13, -11)
3x (3x - 5) + 1 (3x - 5) = 0
(3x - 5) (3x + 1) = 0
either (3x -5 ) =0 or (3x +1)=0
7)
3) 8.

3x-5=0 or 3x+1=0 9) 10.

1
X= or x

.. The roots are 5

3
11) 12.
()
Problems for practice :
A. Find the roots of the quadratic equations
13)
nl
14.
()
by factor method.
1) 3x' + 17x + 20 = 0
15)
() 16.

2) 5x²- 14x + 8=0

3) 2x² -21x + 40 = 0
17)
(43) 18.

4) 6x'-x -1 = 0
5) 6a-13a - 8=0
19)
(+) 20.

6) x'- 2x - 143 = 0
7) 9x - 80x -9 =0
8) 4x'- 11x +6 =0
9) 8x'- 27x +9=0
 TYPE 2:

COMPLETING SQUARE METHOD

Either X15_or
2 2 Xx1
2
5
2
Find the roots of the following quadratic 5 1
5.1
5
equations by completing square method. x=oorr x+’
x-
1) x²+ 5x +6=0 N=xb) 5+1 -5+1
x²+ 5x =-6 N=x5) X=
2
or x= -
2
N= 25
4
add both the sides
4 x=or x=
.. x+ 5x + =-6 + 4 X =3 or x= -2
Therefore the roots are 3 and -2
-24 + 25
4
3) x²-2x - 15 = 0 N=xb)
x²- 2x = 15 N=(*2
add 1 both the sides N=1.

.. x- 2x +1 = 15 + 1

Either
.:. (x-1)² =16
.:. (x-1) =# 4
1 5 1
Either :x-1=4 or x-1=-4
-or x 2 X= 4+1 or x= - 4 +1
1-5 -1-5 X=5 or x = -3
X=
2 Or xz 2
Therefore the roots are 5 and -3

or x:
4) x²- 5x- 14 =0
X =-2 or x= -3
N-xb}P
x- 5x = 14 N=x-5
Therefore the roots are -2 and - 3 N= 25
add both the sides 4
4

2 x²- x-6=0 x'- 5x +4 = 14 +3

x²-X= 6
N=(xb)
N=x-1 2 56 + 25
N=1
add both the sides 4 4

.. *-x+ =6 +

+24 + 1
4

()-**
(-)-# Either x--or x
5 5 9
 9
x*or
x'.1X-2
X= 9+5 or x=+5 3
2 2
add 121 both the sides
36
*2-1x,
3
121 = -2,121
36
+
36
X =7 or x=-2
Therefore the roots are 7 and - 2
(.)2121 2 -72 + 121
36
5) 2x-5x- 12 =0 N=xb
Divide by 2
x'6
2 =0
N= 25
16
() 49
36

add 216 both the sides

11 7 11 7
Either x- orx66
= 6

96 + 25 X=+11 or x=7+11
16 6 6
x8
4 or x6
121
16 X =3 or x=

Therefore the roots are 4and

7) 2x²-5x- 12 =0 Nxb
5_ Divide by 2
Either x - o r N=x
5x
11
x=***or x
5 5 x*-6 =0 N=16
-11 + 5
X= or x= 4 add
16
both the sides

25 25
or x= 4 16
=6 +
16
3
X =4 or x=
Therefore the roots are 4 and 2
3 () 2 96 + 25
16

6) 3x²- 11x+6=0 N=xb)

Divide by 3 N=(*4
N= 121

3 +2 =o 36
 (-) 11 9) 6x-11x- 7=0
Divide by 6
x².1lx 7
N=(xb}
N=
N 121
11
Either X- x o r x-14 6 6
7
144

11 5 x?.
X= o r x=
121
add both the sides
11 +5 144
X= or X=
-11 +5 121 121
4 4 +
144 144
* 6 -6
or X= 168 + 121
4 4
(*- 144
X= 4 or x=
289
Therefore the roots are 4 and 144

8) 5x-x4
Divide by 5
4
N=x b}?
|N=x
N=
(-9) 17
12
100 11 17 11 17
Either x-2 or X12
1
add both the sides 17,11 17 11
x=2or x
1
+
100 x=17+11 or x=/+11
12 12

() 80+ 1
100 X=,12
28
or X=12
-6

x= or
() 81
100
Therefore the roots are
7
and -$

() 9 1
10) 4x²-3x- 10=0
Divide by 4
x² =0
N=xF
N=
Either X or x - 64

9
10 9
10
1
10
3x
X-;10 10 4
X=
10 10 or
x².3x9
9+1 or x + 1
10 10 add both the sides
10 -8
x=or
x10
or x =
10 9

4
X=1 or x=E
Therefore the roots are 1 and
4
() 160 + 9
64
 TYPE 3:
QUADRATIC FORMULA METHOD

) Find the roots of the following quadratic

equations by using quadraticformula.
13 1. 4x2+ 11x + 6 =0
Either X or
8 8 a = 4, b=11, c=6
13 13 3 D= b'- 4ac
x=or x D= (11)².4 (4) (6)
X 3+3 -13 +3 D= 121 -96
or x=
8 8 D= 25

-10 -bt VD
x= or x= X =
2a

x=2 or x= X =
-11 t \25
2(4)
Thereforetheroots are 2 and 4 -11 ±5
X =
Problems for practice: 8
1. X+ 7x+6=0 2. x'- 3x = 10 -11 +5 -11-5
Therefore either x= or x = -
3. 2x'-x- 6=0 4. 6x +x =1 8 8
5. 3a- 2a -8=0 6. 5x²- 6x -8=0 -6 -16
X=
8
7. 4x'- 9x -9=0 8. m²-11m + 30 = 0
-3
9. 2x' -x-3 =0 10. 3x² +11x + 6 =0 X= or x = -2
4
11. x² -10 x - 56 = 0 12. 2x²+ 5x = 12
Therefore the roots are ml
4
and - 2
Ans:
1. (-6, -1) (5, -2 ) 2. 6x-5x-6=0
a = 6, b=-5, c =-6
3. 4. D= b²-4ac
D= (-5)? -4 (6) (-6)
5.
-1) 6.
() D= 25 + 144
D= 169
7. m 8. (6, 5) - bt VD
X =
2a
9. mlN
10.
()mlN
X =
-(-5) t V169
2(6)
11. (14, -4) 12. 5 ± 13
X =
12
 5+ 13 5-13 13 ± 23
Therefore either x= or x = - X=
12 12 6
18 -8 13 + 2313-23
X= or x = Therefore either x or x =
18
12 12 18
36 -10
x*orx X=
18
or x =
18

3 X=2 or x=
Therefore the roots are and 9

Therefore the roots are 2 and

3. 3x²+ 7x-20 =0
a =3, b=7, c=-20 5. 2x'-21x + 40 = 0
D= b'- 4ac
a = 2, b= -21, c = 40
D= (7)2-4 (3) (-20) D= b' - 4ac
D= 49+ 240
D = 289
D= (-21)?- 4(2) (40)
D= 441-320
-bt VD D= 121
X=
2a
- bt VD
-7t V289 X =
2a
X =
2(3)
-(-21) +V121
-7±17 X =
X = 2(2)
6
21+ 11
-7+17 -7-17 X =
4
Therefore either x 6
or x=
6
21 +11 21-11
10 -24 Therefore either x= 4
or x=
4
X=
6 r*6 32 10
5 X=or
4 x= 4
X=or x=-4
X=8 or x=
Therefore the roots are and -4
Therefore the roots are 8 and
4. 9x²-13x -10 =0
a =9, b=-13, c =-10 6. 7x²-10 X-8=0
D= b'- 4ac a =7, b=-10, c =-8
D=(-13)? - 4(9) (-10) D= b- 4ac
D= 169+ 360 D= (-10)-4 (7) (-8)
D= 529 D= 100 +224
- bt VD D= 324
X
2a - bt VD
-(-13) ± V529 X=
2a
X =
2(9)
 (-10) ± V324 -bt VD
X = X=
2(7) 2a

10 ± 18 -(-19) ± V169
X = X=
14 2(4)
10+ 18 10- 18 19 ± 13
Therefore either x =: 14
orx=
14
X=
8
28 -8 19+ 13 19- 13
X= or x = Therefore either x = or x=
14 14 8 8
4 32 6
X=2orx= X= or x =
8
4
Therefore the roots are 2and X=4or x= 4
3

7. 10x²+ 21x - 10 = 0
Therefore the roots are 4 and 4
a= 10, b= 21, c=-10
D= b² - 4ac 9. 6x2 + 21x - 12 = 0
D= (-21)? - 4(10) (-10) a =6, b=21, c =-12
D= 441+ 400 D= b²- 4ac
D =841
D= (21)? - 4(6) (-12)
-bt VD D=441+ 288
X=
2a D =729

-21 ± V841 - bt VD
X = X =
2(10) 2a

X =
-21 ± 29
X =
-21 ± \729
20 2(6)
-21+ 29 -21- 29 -21 ± 27
Therefore either x= orx= X =
20 20 12
-50 -21+ 27 -21 - 27
X= or x =
20 20 Therefore either x= orx=
. 12 12
2 6 48
x=orx= X=
12
Or x =
12
2
Therefore the roots are and 1
x=$orx=4
8. 4x' 19x +12 =0 Therefore the rootsare and -4
a =4, b =-19, c =12 2

D= b²-4ac 10. 3x- 11x +10 = 0

D= (-19) - 4(4) (12) a =3,: b=-11, c =10
D=361- 192
D= b'- 4ac
D= 169
D= (-11)'- 4(3) (10)
 D= 121- 120
SHORT ANSWERS
D=1
(Note :Asked only for internal school exam)
- bt VD
X =
2a 1. Find the roots of the quadratic
(-11) + V+ equation 2x²- 18 =0
X = Ans : 2x²- 18 =0
2(3)
2x² = 18
11 ±1 x'=18
X =
6 2
11 +1 11-1 x'=9
Therefore either x= or x =. X= 13
6.. 6
Therefore the roots are 3 and-3
12 10
X=or x=
6 6
2. Find the roots of the quadratic
equation 7x-63 = 0
x=2 or x= Ans: 7x²- 63 =0
Therefore the roots are 2 and 7x² =63

Problems for practice : 7

1. 6x+ 13x +6= 0 2. 9x?-13x = 10 x² =9
3. 10x² +7x-6= 0 4. 3x²+13x -10=0 X= t3
5. 5a -6a -8=0 6. 4x²- 21x +20 =0 Therefore the roots are 3 and-3
7 2x'- 6x-3 = 0 8. 3m' - m -5 =0
9 8x- 3x -5 =0 10. 7x² +17x + 6 =0 3. Write the roots of the equation
11. 10x -3x - 4.=0 12. 6x+ 13x =8 5x²- 20=0
Ans: Ans : 5x- 20 =0
5x² = 20
1.
(t) 2-) x'=4
5

3.
(6/5, 12) 4.
(s.2n) X= t2
Therefore the roots are 2 and -2
5.
(2.4/s) 6.
(usa) 4. Write the roots of the quadraticeq.
27x²-3 = 0
7. Ans : 27x-3=0
27x² = 3
8. 3+2V61, 3+V61
2

9.
X= t
3
11.
) Therefore the roots are 1 and
1
3
5. Write the roots of the quadratic eq. 10. f one of the roots of the quadratic
4x?-1=0 equation ax² - 5x + 6 = 0 is -2, then
Ans : 4x?-1=0 find the value of a.
Ans: ax?- 5x +6=0
4x =1
a(-2) -5(-2) +6 =0
a (4) + 10 +6 =0
X= t 4a + 16=0
a .16
Therefore the roots are and - 4
a=-4
6. Find the roots of the quadratic
equation x² -3x =0 11. If one of the roots of the quadratic
Ans : x²-3x = 0
equation 2x² +2px -6 =0 is 1, then
x(x -3) =0 find the value ofp.
Either x=0or x-3 =0 Ans: 2x² + 2pX -6 =0
X=0 or x= 3 2(1) + 2p(1) - 6= 0
Therefore the roots are 0 and 3 2(1) + 2p-6 -0
Find the roots 2+2p-6 =0
7. of the quadratic
equation 4y' +8y =0 2p -4 =0
Ans : 4y' + 8y =0 2p =4
4
4y (y +2 ) =0
Either 4y= 0 or y+2 =0 P=2
y=0 or y=-2
Therefore the roots are 0 and -2
12. If one of the roots of the quadratic
equation 3x²+ 2x -2m=0 is -3, then
8. Find the roots of the quadratic find the value of m.
equation 16x² -9 =0 Ans : 3x' +2x-2m =0
Ans : 16x-9=0 3(-3) + 2(-3) -2m = 0
16x =
l 9 3(9)-6 -2m =0
27-6 - 2m =0
x²=16
3 21- 2m = 0
2m = 21
Therefore the roots are 4 and - m= 21

9. If one of the roots of the quadratic 13. If4 &-1are the roots of thequadratic
equation mx²- 2x -3 = 0 is -1, then equation write the equation in x.
find the value of m. Ans : The quadratic equation is
Ans : mx'- 2x-3 =0 x²- (sum of the roots) x
m(-1) -2(-1) -3 =0 + product of the roots = 0
m (1)+ 2-3 =0 x-(4-1) x+ (4)(-1) =0
m-1=0 x'- (3)x -4 =0
m=1 x'-3x-4= 0
14. If 2 &-5are the roots of the quadratic Write down the quadratic equation.
equation write the equationin x. Ans: The quadratic equation is
Ans : The quadratic equation is x² - (sum of the roots) x
x²- (sum of the roots ) x + product of the roots = 0
+ product of the roots = 0
x²-(-5) x+8=0
x*- (2 -5) x+(2) (-5)=0 x' + 5x +8 =0
x²-(-3)x- 10 =0
x'+3x- 10 = 0 18. If the sum of the roots of an quadratic
eq. in y is and their product is -4.
15. If2 8 -are the roots ofthe quadratic
3 Write down the quadraticequation.
equation. write the equation in x. Ans: The quadraticequation is
Ans : The quadratic equation is x²-(sum of the roots) x
x-(sum of the roots) x + product of the roots = 0
+ product of the roots =0
*3)-4=0
Multiply by 3
3x- 2x-12 =0

19. Write the sum of the roots of the

quadratic equation 2x-8x-3= 0
-b
Ans : sum of the roots =
Multiply by 3
3x²- 5x-2 = 0

16. If3 &-are the roots of thequadratic

-()
sum of the roots =

=4
equation write the equation in x.
Ans: The quadratic equation is 20. Write the sum of the roots of the
x²-(sum of the roots) x quadratic equation 4x - 10x-6=0
+ product of the roots = 0 Ans : sum of the roots = 0
a

3 x -2=0 -()
sum of the roots =

*-3)-2-0 21. Write the sum of the roots of the

quadratic equation 3x²+ 5x- 12 = 0
Multiplyby 3 Ans : sum of the roots =
3x'-7x-6=0
17. If the sum of the roots of an sum of the roots = nm
quadratic equation in x is -5 & their
product is 8.
22. Write the product of the roots of the 6x3 = -2c
quadratic equation 4x'-5x -6 =0 18 = 2c
Ans: product of the roots =
a
C=9
product of the roots =
27. If the sum of the roots of the quadratic
equation 2mx² -10x + 20 =0 is 5, then
find the value of m.
23. Write the product of the roots of the Ans : sum of the roots = -b
quadratic equation 2x'- x - 10 = 0 -10
Ans: product of the roots = 5= -| 2m

product of the roots =

=-5
() 2m = 10
10m = 10
5

m =1

24. Write the product of the roots of the

quadraticequation 6x- 27x + 12 =0 28. If the product of the roots of the
Ans : product of the roots = quadratic equation 3x²-7x- 2p =0 is
-6, theD find the value of p.
product of the roots =

=2
() Ans : product of the roots =
-6=
3

25. Ifthe sum of the roots of the quadratic -6 x3 =-2p

equation mx -6x - 4 = 0 is - 3, then
p=9
find the value of m.
Ans: sum of the roots = 29. If the product of the roots of the
quadratic equation px²-x-12 =0 is
3-() Ans :
-3 then find the value of m.
product of the roots =
6
m 3
-12
m=-2
p=12 x 3
26. Ifthe sum of the roots of the quadratic -4
p=9
equation 3x- 2cx - 4= 0 is 6, then
find the value of c.
Ans : sum of the roots =Dab
30. If 3and - are the roots of the
quadraticequation (x-3) (3x +c) =0
then find the value of c.
6=
() Ans : since the roots are 3 and
 The quadratic equation is 34. Find the discriminant of the quadratic
equation 5x²-6x- 8=0
(x-3) (*+)=0 Ans : 5x²- 6x - 8 =0
(x - 3) (3x+1) =0 D=b'- 4ac
3
(x-3) (3 x+ 1) =0 ----i) D= (-6)?- 4x5x-8
Comparing eq (i) with the given D= 36 + 160
D = 196
equation (x -3) (3x +c) =0
Therefore c=1
35. If the discriminant of the quadratic
31. If 7 and are the roots of the equation 3x- 10 x + m =0 is 4, then
find the value of m.
quadratic equation (x -7) (5x+ c) =0 Ans: 3x'- 10 x+ m =0
then find the value of c.
D= b- 4ac
Ans : since the roots are 7 and -
5 4= (-10)2 - 4x3 xm
The quadratic equation is 4= 100 - 12m
4-100 =-12m
-96 = -12m
m=
96
12
m =8

(x-7) (5x+4 )=0 ----i) 36. If the discriminant of the quadratic

Comparing eq (i) with the given equation 2x -4x+k=0is 8, then find
the value of k.
equation (x -7) (5x +c) =0
Therefore c= 4 Ans : 2x² - 4x+k =0
D = b²- 4ac
32. Find the discriminant of the quadratic 8=(-4)' -4x2 xk
equation 4x'- 12x +5 =0 8= 16- 8k
Ans : 4x' - 12x + 5 =0 8-16 = - 8k
D= b² - 4ac -8= -8k
D= (-12)² - 4x4x 5 k=1
D= 144- 80
37. If the discriminant of the quadratic
D=64
equation mx-10 x+6=0 is 28,then
find the value of m.
33. Find the discriminant of the quadratic Ans: mx² -10 x + 6 =0
equation 3x- 17x + 10 =0 D= b²- 4ac
Ans : 3x²- 17x + 10 =0
28 = (-10)? - 4 x m x 6
D = b²- 4ac 28= 100 - 24m
D (-17)? - 4x 3 x10 28 -100= -24m
D= 289- 120
-72 = -24m
D= 169
m=2
24
m =3
38. The sum of the squares of two 42. Two natural numbers differ by 4
consecutive natural numbers is 145. and their product is 60. Write the
Write the quadratic equation. quadratic equation
Ans : Let the consecutive natural Ans : Let the numbers be x and x -4
numbers be x and x + 1 x(x - 4) = 60
x²+ (x + 1) = 145 x²- 4x - 60 = 0
x²+ x²+ 2x +1 = 145
Short Answers for practice :
2x² + 2x +1-145 =0
1. Find the roots of the quadratic
2x' + 2x -144 =0
equation x -4 = 0
Divide by 2
x²+X-72 = 0 2. Find the roots of the quadratic
equation 3x' - 27=0
39. The sum of the squares of two 3. Write the roots of the equation
consecutive natural odd numbers is 5x² - 45=0
130. Write the quadratic equation. 4. Find the roots of the quadratic
Ans : Let the consecutive odd natural equation x²- 5x =0
numbers be x and x + 2
5. Find the roots of the quadratic
x² + (x + 2)² = 130
x'+x²+ 4x + 4 =130
equation 3y² +6y =0
2x² + 4x + 4- 130 = 0 6. Find the roots of the quadratic
2x² + 2x -126 =0 equation 4x²-9 =0
Divide by 2
x² + 2x -63 = 0 7. If one of the roots of the quadratic
equation mx² - 6x - 3 = 0 is -1, then
40. The sum of the squares of two find the value of m.
consecutive even natural numbers is 8. If one of the roots of the quadratic
164. Write the quadratic equation.
Ans : Let the consecutive odd natural
equation 2x² -x-3p=0 is 2, then find
the value of p.
numbers be x and x+ 2
x² + (x + 2)² = 164 9. If one of the roots of the quadratic
x²+ x² + 4x + 4 = 164 equation 3x'- 2xc - 3 = 0 is 3, then
2x' + 4x +4-164 = 0 findthe value of c.
2x² + 2x - 160 =0 Divide by 2 10. If 2 &-3 are the roots of the quadratic
x² + 2x - 80 =0 equation write the equation in x.

41. Two natural numbers differ by 2 11. If-1&-are the roots ofthequadratic
and their product is 35. Write the equation write the equation in x.
quadratic equation.
Ans : Let the numbers be x and x -2 12. If8-are the roots of thequadratic
x (x - 2) = 35 equation write the equation in 'a'.
x²- 2x -35 =0 13. If the sum of the roots of an quadratic
equation in x is -3 &their product is 12
Write down the quadratic equation.
14. If the sum of the roots of an quadratic 27. Find the discriminant of the quadratic
eq. in yis and their product equation 6x'-7x +1 =0
3
is 18. Write down the quadratic equation. 28. Find the discriminant of the quadratic
15. Write the sum of the roots of the equation 3x' +13x + 12 =0
quadratic equation 2x'-8x -3=0 29. If the discriminant of the quadratic
16. Write the sum of the roots of the equation 2x²-6x +m =0 is 4, then find
the value of m.
quadratic equation 3x - 5x - 6 =0
17. Write the product of the roots of the 30. If the discriminant of the quadratic
quadratic equation 6x- 2x -3=0 equation 3x? - x - 2p =0 is 49, then find
the value of p.
18. Write the product of the roots of the
quadratic equation 3x²- 8x-7 =0 31. If the discriminant of the quadratic
equation 3x² + 2x +k= 0 is 88, then
19. If the sum of the roots of the quadratic find the value of a.
equation px² -8x-5 =0is -2, then find 32. The sum of the squares of two
the value of p.
consecutive natural numbers is 181.
20. If the sum of the roots of the quadratic Write the quadratic equation.
equation 3x- 2mx-6=0is 4,thenfind
the value of m. 33. The sum of the squares of two
consecutive natural odd numbers is
21. If the sum of the roots of the quadratic 74. Write the quadratic equation.
1
equation ax'- 6x -12 =0 is,then find 34. The sum of the squares of two
the value of a. consecutive even natural numbers is
22. If the product of the roots of the 100. Write the quadratic equation.
quadratic equation 2x²- 7x -6p =0 is 35. Two natural numbers differ by 2 and
-4,then find the value of p. their product is 35.Write the quadratic
equation.
23. If the product of the roots of the
quadratic equation 2mx - 7x - 12 =0 36. Two natural numbers differ by5 and
is
2
then findthe value of m. their product is 24. Write the quadratic
equation
24. If2 andd-is theroots ofthequadratic
equation (x - 2) and (3x + c), then find
the value of c.

25. If-3 and-is

5 the roots of the quadratic
equation (x +3)and (5x + m), then find
the value of m.

26. Find the discriminant of the quadratic

equation 4x?-7x +3 =0
 WORD PROBLEMS: Therefore the required positive
(Difficult level) (4 Marks) number is6 or
1. The sum of apositive number and its
reciprocal is 750,Find the number. 3. The difference between a positive
Solution: number and its reciprocal is S0, Find
the number.
Let the required positive number be x
Solution:
Therefore its reciprocal is X
Let the required positive number be x
X+
X 7 Therefore its reciprocal is X
x+1 =07 X X
-809
X

7(x + 1) = 50x X 9
7x² +7 = 50x
7x²- 50x +7 =0 9(x² - 1) = 80x
7x- 49x - x+7=0 9x² -9 = 80x
7x (x -7) -1 (x-7) 9x'-80x -9 =0
(x-7) (7x -1) =0 9x² - 81x + x -9 =0
Either x-7=0or 7x - 1 =0 9x (x -9) +1 (x -9)
x=7 orx=1 (x -9)(9x + 1)= 0
Therefore the required positive Either x-9=0 or 9x + 1 =0
1
number is 7 or X=9 or x=-a
But x - ; is discarded
2. The sum of a positive number and its Therefore the required positive
reciprocal is3.
6
Find the number. number is 9
Solution:
Let the required positive number be x 4. The difference between a positive
Therefore its reciprocal is 1 X number and its reciprocal is 21/10.
Find the number.
Solution:
x²+1 Let the required positive number be x
X
Therefore itsreciprocal is
6 (x+1) = 37x 1
X

6x² +6 =37x X = 21
X 10
6x²-37x +6=0
6x- 36x - x +6 =0 x²-1 21
X 10
6x (x -6)-1 (x-6)
10(x - 1)=21x
(x-6) (6x- 1)=0 10x - 10 = 21x
Either x-6=0 or 6x - 1 =0 10x - 21x - 10= 0
x=6 or x= 1 10x² - 25x + 4x - 10= 0
 5x(2x - 5) + 2 (2x - 5) 2x' +2X + 1-145= 0
(2x - 5) (5x + 2) = 0 2x² + 2x- 144 = 0
Either 2xX -5 =0 or 5x +2 =0 Divide by 2
2 x² + X- 72=0
X=or x= x² + 9x -8x - 72 =0
But x= - is discarded
x(x + 9) -8(x+9 )
Therefore the required positive (x +9) (x -8) =0
number is 5 Either x+9 =0 or x -8 =0
X= -9 or x= 8
5. The difference between two natural
But x = 9 isdiscarded
number is 3 and the sum of their X=8
reciprocal is Find the numbers. Therefore the required onsecutive
Solution: natural numbers are 8and 9
Let the required positive number be x
Therefore other number isx-3
7. The sum of the squares of two
1 1
consecutive natural numbers is 181.
1
X *x-3i 9 Find the numbers.
Solution:
X -3 + X
x (x - 3) Let the first required natural number be x
Therefore other consecutive natural
2(2x - 3) = x- 3x number isx + 1
4x -6 =x²-3x x'+ (x + 1)² =181
x²-7x +6=0 x²+ x²+2x + 1 = 181
x²-6x -x+6 = 0 2x'+ 2x+1-181= 0
x(x -6) -1 (x - 6) / 2x² + 2x-180= 0
(x-6) (x -1) = 0 Divide by 2
Either x-6=0 or x-1=0 x²+ x- 90= 0
X=6 or x=1 x²+ 10x-9x- 72 =0
But x=1 is discarded x (x+ 10)-9(x+10)
x=6 (x+ 10) (x - 9) = 0
Therefore the required positive Either x+ 10 = 0 or x-9 =0
number are 6 and 3 X=-10 or x=9
But x -10 is discarded
6. The sum of the squares of two .. X=9
consecutive natural numbers is 145.
Therefore the required consecutive
Find the numbers. numbers are 9 and 10
Solution:
Let the first required natural number bex 8. The sum of the squares of two
consecutive odd natural numbers is
Therefore other consecutive natural
290.Find the numbers.
number is x + 1
x²+ (x + 1)? = 145 Solution:
x² + x' + 2x + 1= 145 Let the first required odd natural
number be x
 Therefore other consecutive odd 10. Three consecutive odd natural
natural number is x + 2 numbers such that, the sum of the
squares of the first two numbers is
x²+ (x + 2)² = 290
x? + x² + 4x +4 = 290 greater than the square of third by 65.
Find the numbers.
2x² + 4x+4-290 = 0
Solution:
2x² + 4x - 286 = 0
Let the three consecutive odd natural
Divide by 2
numbers be x, x+2 and x+4
x²+ 2x - 143= 0
x²+ 13x- 11x -143 =0 x'+ (x+ 2) = (x+4)? + 65
x²+ x' + 4x + 4 = x² + 8x+ 16 + 65
x (x +13) - 11 (x+ 13 )
2x² + 4x + 4 = x++8x + 81
(x+ 13) (x- 11) =0
2x² + 4x+ 4- x² - 8x - 81 0
Either x+ 13 =0 or x-11 =0
X=-13 or x= 11 x²- 4x-77 = 0
But x= -13 is discarded x²-11x + 7x -77 =0
X=11 x(x- 11) +7( x-11)
Therefore the required consecutive (x-11) (x+ 7) =0
odd natural numbers are 11 and 13 Either x-11 = 0 or x+ 7=0
X= 11 or x -7
9. The sum of the squares of two But x=-7 is discarded
consecutive even natural numbers is X= 11
340.Find the numbers.
Therefore the three consecutive odd
Solution:
natural numbers are 11, 13 and 15
Let the first required odd natural
number be x
11. Find three consecutive even positive
integer such that the sum of the
Therefore other consecutive even
squares of first two is equal to the
natural number is x + 2
square of third one.
x'+ (x+ 2)² =340 Solution:
X² + x² + 4x +4 =340
Let the three consecutive even natural
2x + 4x+4-340 = 0 numbers be x, x+ 2 and x+4
2x² + 4x-336 = 0
x'+ (x+2)² =(x +4)?
Divide by 2 x² + x²+ 4x + 4 = x²+ 8x + 16
x' + 2x - 168= 0
2x' + 4x+4 =x²+ 8x + 16
x²+ 14xX- 12x - 168 = 0
2x² + 4x+4 - x² - 8x- 16 0
x (x + 14) - 12 (x + 14)
(x+ 14) (x -12) =0 x'- 4x- 12 =0
Either x+ 14 = 0 or x-12 =0 x? - 6x +2x- 12 =0
X=-14 or x=12 x (x -6) +2( x-6)
But x = -14 is discarded (x+6) (x+ 2) = 0
X= 12 Either x-6=0or x+2 =0
Therefore the required consecutive X=6 or x= -2
even natural numbers are 12 and 14
 But X=-2 is discarded 2x (x - 20) +35(x -20)
X=6
(x - 20) (2x +35) =0
Therefore the three consecutive even Either x-20 = 0 or 2x +35 =0
natural numbers are 6, 8 and 10
X= 20 or x=
12. Three consecutive integers are such But x =- 22 is discarded
that the squares of the smallest .. X= 20
number and the product of the other
two is 277. Find the three numbers. Therefore the breadth of the rectangle
is x = 20 meters
Solution:
and its length = 2x-5
Let the three consecutive integers be
X, X+ 1 and x +2
=2 (20)-5
=35 meters
x*+ (x +1) (x + 2)= 277
x'+ x² + 2x +x+ 2 =277 14. The length of the rectangle is less
2x²+ 3x+2-277 =0 than twice its breadth by 1 cm. If its
2x' + 3x-275 = 0 diagonal is. 17 cm. Find length and
2x²- 22x + 25x- 275=0 breadth.
2x (x - 11) + 25( x - 11 )=0 Solution:
(2x + 25) (x- 11) = 0 Let the breadth of the rectangle be x
Either 2x + 25 =0 or x-11 =0 cms

or x= 11
Therefore its length is (2x - 1)cms
2 By Pythagoras theorem
But x = 32 is discarded (Length)? +(Breadth)' =(Diagonal) ?
y=11 (2x -1)² +(«)² =(17)
Therefore the three consecutive 4x - 4x+1+x² = 289
integers are 11, 12 and 13 5x- 4x+1 -289 = 0
5x- 4x - 288 = 0
13. The length of the rectangular field 5x- 40x + 36x - 288 = 0
is less than twice its breadth by 5 5x (x - 8) +36 (x - 8)
meters. Its area is 700 sq. meters. Find (x-8) (5x +36) =0
dimension of the field. Either X-8=0 or 5x+ 36 =0
Solution: 36
X=8 or x = -
Let the breadth of the rectangle bex 5
meters But x=- 5 is discarded
Therefore its length is(2x -5) meters X= 8
Length x Breadth = Area
(2x - 5) x = 700
Therefore the breadth of the rectangle
is x =8cms
2x²- 5x = 700
and its length = 2x-1
2x²- 5x -700 = 0
= 2 (8) -1
2x2- 5x- 700 = 0
= 15 cms
2x²- 40x + 35x - 700 = 0
15. In a rectangular mango-grove, the x (x + 25) - 20( x + 25) = 0
number of trees lengthwise is5 more (x+ 25) (x- 20) =0
than the number of trees breadth Either x+ 25 = 0 or x- 20 =0
wise. If the total number of trees X=- 25 or X= 20
are 1400, Find the number of trees But X=-25 is discarded
lengthwise and breadth wise. X= 20
Solution: Therefore number of children row
Let the number of trees breadth wise be x wise is = 20
Therefore number of trees lengthwise and number of children column
is x+5 wise = x+5 = 20 +5
x (x +5) =1400 =25
x²+ 5x =1400
x²+ 5x - 1400 =0
17. In a right angled triangle, the length
x² + 40x -35x - 1400 = 0 of one of the sides containing the
x (x+ 40) -35( x + 40 )=0 right angle is greater than twice the
(x + 40)(x - 35) =0 length of the other by 2. The area
Either X+ 40 =0or x- 35 =0 of the triangle is 30 sq. cm .Find the
X= -40 or x= 35 length of the sides containing the
But X=-40 is discarded right angle.
X= 35 Solution:
Therefore number of trees breadth Let one perpendicular side be x cm
wise is X=35 Therefore the other perpendicular
and number of trees lengthwise is x +5 side is (2x + 2) cm
=35 + 5 1
= 40 2
x Base x Height = Area
1
Xx(2x+2) =30
16. School children were arranged in rows
and column. The number of children 2x² + 2X=30 x2
ineach column is more than number 2x² + 2x -60 =0 Divide by 2
of children in each row by 5.The total x'+X-30 =0
number of children/in the school is x²+6x -5x -30 =0
500.Find the number of children in x (x +6) -5 (x+6)
each rowand column. (x +6) (x -5) =0
Solution Either X+6= 0 or x- 5 =0
Let the number of children row wise X=-6 or x =5
be x But X=-6 is discarded
Therefore number of children column X=5
wise will be x +5 Therefore one perpendicular side is x=
5 cm
x(x +5)=500
x'+ 5x 500 and the other perpendicular side
x' + 5x - 500 = 0 = 2x +2= 2 (5 ) +2 = 12 cm
x² + 25x - 20x - 500 = 0
18. The length of the sides of the right Either X+9=0 or x-6 =0
angled triangle are x cm,(x -2)cm and X= -9 or x=6
(x + 2) cm. Find allthree sides of the But X=-9 is discarded
triangle. X= 6
Solution:
Therefore length of one diagonal is x =
The longest side x+ 2 is the hypotenuse 6 cm
and other perpendicular side are x cm
and the length of other diagonal is
and x- 2 cm
X+3 = 6+3=9 cm
By Pythagoras theorem
x'+ (x - 2)' = (x +2)2 20. The sum of the sides of a right angled
x' + x' - 4x + 4 = x'+ 4x +4 triangle containing right angle is 17cm.
2x?- 4x +4 - x² - 4x - 4 =0 If its area is 30 sq. cm. Find the length
x?-8x =0 of the hypotenuse of the triangle.
x (x-8) =0 Solution:
Either X=0 or x-8=0 Let one perpendicular side of a right
X =0 or x=8 angled triangle bex cm
But X=0 is discarded Therefore itsother perpendicular side
X=8 is (17 - x )cm
Therefore one perpendicular side is xBase x Height = Area
2
X =8 cm
The other perpendicular side is (x)
2 (17 - x) =30
X-2 = 8 -2 =6 cm 17x - x² = 30 x 2
and the hypotenuse is x +2 =8+2=10 cm -x²+ 17x- 60 = 0
changing sign throughout
19. The length of one of the diagonal of x²- 17X +60 = 0
the rhombus is greater than the other x- 12x - 5x + 60 = 0
by 3 cm. Its area is 27 sq. cm. Find x (x -12) -5 (x- 12)
the lengths of the diagonals of the (x -12) (x - 5) =0
rhombus. Either X- 12 = 0 or x- 5 =0
Solution : X= 12 or x=5
Let length of one diagonal be x.cm Therefore one perpendicular side is 5 cm
therefore the length of other diagonal and the other perpendicular side is 12 cm
is (x +3) cm
By Pythagoras theorem
2
xd, xd, = Area (S)? + (12)P =(hypotenuse)?
.x (x +3) =27 25 + 144 =(hypotenuse)?
2
x² + 3x = 27 x 2
169 = (hypotenuse)
Hypotenuse = 13 cm
x'+ 3x-54 =0
x' + 9x - 6x- 54 =0 21. Mahesh is elder than his brother by 4
x(x +9) -6(x+9) =0 years.The product of their ages is 45.
(x+ 9) (x -6) =0 Find their present ages.
Solution :
 Let present age of Mahesh's brother 23., Hasan is younger than Ram by three
be x years years. The sum of the squares of their
therefore Mahesh'spresent age is X+4 ages is 89. Find their ages.
years Solution:
x (x +4) =45 Let present age of Hasan be x years
x'+ 4x - 45 =0 therefore present age of Ram be
x² +9x -5x - 45 = 0 (x +3) years
x (x + 9)-5 (x +9) x²+ (x+3) = 89
(x - 5)(x +9) =0 x' + x' + 6x +9 =89
Either X -5 = 0 or x+9 =0 2x² + 6x +9 -89 =0
X=5 or x=-9 2x² + 6x- 80=0
X= -9 is discarded Divide by 2
X=5 x² +3× - 40 = 0
Therefore present age of Mahesh is 9 years x² + 8x -5x - 40 =0
*ahd present age of his brother is 5 years x (x + 8) -5 (x + 8) =0
(x+8) (x - 5)=0
22. The present age of Mr Ashok is equal Either x+8= 0 or x-5 =0
to the square of hisson's present age. X=-8 or x =5
One year ago Ashok was eight times But X=-8 is discarded
as old as his son. Find their present X= 5
ages. therefore present age of Hasan is 5
Solution: years
Let present age of Ashok's son be x years and that of Ram is x + 3 = 5 + 3 = 8
therefore Ashok's present age is x* years years
one year ago Ashok was (x* - 1) years
old and his son was 24. A number consists of twodigits. The
(x- 1)years old. digit in ten's place is greater than the
(x - 1) =8 (x- 1) digit in units place by 4.The sum of the
x²-1= 8x-8 squares of the digits is 15 less than
x²-1-8x + 8 = 0 the original number. Find the original
number.
'-8x + 7 =0
Solution:
x- 7x - X+7=0
Let the digit in units place be x
x (x-7) -1 (x -7) =0 therefore the digit in tens place is x + 4
(x-7) (x-1) =0 original number =10( x+4) +x= 11x+ 40
Either X-7=0 or x-1 =0
X=7 or x=1 x'+ (x +4)? = 11x + 40 - 15
x²+ x² + 8x + 16= 11x+ 25
X=1 is discarded
2x' + 8x+ 16 - 11x -25 =0
therefore present age of Ashok's son is
2x²- 3x - 9 =0
7years
2x' - 6x +3x-9 = 0
and Ashok's present age is x2=(7) 2=49 years
2x (x -3) +3 (x -3) =0
(x -3) (2x + 3) = 0
 Either X-3=0 or 2 X+3 =0 X=4

X= 3 or x= Therefore the required fraction is24

2
But X=-2 is discarded
2 Problems for practice:
X=3 1. In a two digit number, the digit in
therefore original number= 11 x+ 40 the teDs place is equal to the square
= 11 (3) + 40 of the digit in units place. If 54 is
=33 + 40 subtracted from the number, the digits
are interchanged, Find the original
=73 number.
25. The numerator of the fraction is one (Ans :Original number iS 93)
less than its denominator. If3 is added
to each numerator and denominator
2. The altitude of a triangle is 7cm less
than its base. If the hypotenuse is 13
then the fraction is increased by . cm,find the other two sides.
28
Find the fraction.
:

(Ans : other two perpendicular sides

Solution: are 12 cm and 5 cm )
Let the fraction be XX
3. Aman riding a cycle covers a distance
when 3 is added to both numerator of 60 km in the direction of wind and
and denominator the fraction is comes back to the original place in 8
X-1+3 X+2
X+3 lw
X+3
hours. If the speed of the wind is 10
km/hr, find the speed of the bicycle.
X+2 (Ans : 20 Km/hr)
X+3 X =28
4. A passernger train takes two hours
more than the express train to travel
x(x +2)-(x+3) (x-1)3 adistance of 240 km from Manmad to
x (x +3) 28
Mumbai .If the speed of the passenger
train is less than that of express train
x² + 2x -(x-x +3x-3) 3 by 20 km/hr. Find the average speed of
x² + 3 28
both the trains.
(Ans: speed of the passenger train is
x,+ 2x - x²-2x + 3 3
40km/h and speed of the express train
x² + 3x 28
is60km/h)
3x 28 = 3 (x² + 3x) (divide by 3) 5. Three consecutive positive integers are
28 = x² + 3x such that the sum of the square of the
x²+ 3x -28 =0 smallest number and the product of
x²+ 7x - 4x - 9 = 0 the other two is 46. Find the integers.
(Ans :Three consecutive numbers are
x (x+7) - 4(x +7) =0 3, 4 and 5)
(x+7) (x - 4) = 0
Either x+7=0or x - 4=0 6. Aand Bare two persons travelling from
X= -7 or x=4 twotowns towards each other alonga
But X=-7 is discarded road at the same time. A travels 6 km
 more than B every day .The number of Fill in the blanks:
km travelby AB in each day is twice the (SELF STUDY)
number of days before they meet each 1. The roots of the quadratic equations x
other. Find the number of kilometers
+ 2x -15 = 0 are
travelled by each of them every day. (5 and-3;-5 and -3; -5 and 3;5 and 3]
(Ans: A travels 18 km and Btravels 12
km) 2. The roots of the quadratic equations
7. A train covers a distance of 90 km at 2x2- 18x = 0 are.
a uniform speed. Had the speed been (2 and 0;0and9; 0and -9;9 and -9]
15 km/hr more it would have taken 30
3. The roots of the quadratic equations
minutes less for the journey. Find the
4x'-9 = 0are
original speed of the train.
(Ans: speed of train 45 km/hr) [2 and 3 andand-and-)
Two pipes running together can fill a 4. The roots of the quadratic equations
x²-5x = 0are
tank in 11 1 minutes .if 1pipe takes
Smin more than the other to fill the (5 and 0;0 and-5 ;5 and -5;0 and 2]
tank separately. Find the time in which 5. If 2 is one of the root of the quadratic
each pipe would fill the tank separately. equation x²+3x+ m= 0,then the value
(Ans : Faster Pipe =20 minutes Slower of m =
Pipe = 25 minutes.) (10, -10, 2,3]
9. speed of boat in stillwater is 15 km /h. 6. If 3 is one of the root of the quadratic
it goes 30 km upstream and return back equation x² +x- p = 0, then the value
at the same point in 4 hours 30 minutes. of p=
find the speed of the stream
(Ans:The speed of the stream is 5 km/hr)
[4, -3, 12,15]
10. Aryan and Sahil can do a job in 12 days. 7. If-3 is one of the root of the quadratic
Sahil alone can do this job in 28 days. In equation x² + ax + 6=0, then the value
how many days can Aryan do this job? of a =.
(Ans: Aryan can do work in 21 days) (-1, 3,5,-3]
11. Twotaps one big & other is small, fill 8 The sum of the roots of the quadratic
up a tank in 6 hours. The big tap takes equation 3x² + 8x -15 = 0 is
5 hours less than the small tap to fill
the tank. Find how much time taken by
9 The sum of the roots of the quadratic
each tap to fill up the tank.
(Ans :Big pipe = 10 hours, small pipe 15 equation 4x² + 12x -3 = 0 is
hours) I3, -3, - !
12. rs.480 is divided equally among some 10. The sum of the roots of the quadratic
children. If the number of children were equation Sx² - x +24 =0 is
20 more than each would have got Rs (5,-5,
12 less. Find number of children.
(Ans :Number of children = 20) 11. The product of the roots of the
quadratic equation 3x - 4x +21 = Ois
 equation in x then eg. is.
[x'-3x-2=0; x' + 3x -2 = 0; x²-3x +
12. The product of the roots of the 2=0; x² -9 =0]
quadratic equation 2x² -11x +5 = 0 is 22. If0and-3 are the roots of thequadratic
equation in m then eq. is
(m?-3m= 0; m²+ 3m =0; m²-3=0;
m' +3 = 0j
13. The discriminant of the quadratic 1
equation 4x' -7x + 3 =0 is 23. If and - are the roots of the
(1, 49, 48, 97 ] quadratic eqqation in ythen eq. is ---
(4x'+ 4x -3=0 ;4x' - 4x +3 =0 ;4x'- 4x
14. The discriminant of the quadratic -3 =0 ;4x? +4x +3]
equation 3x'- 2x -8 =0 is
24. The roots of the quadratic equations
[4, 100, 96, 2]
(x + 1) (2x - 5) =0 are
15 The discriminant of the quadratic
equation 2x² +x -10 = 0 is. 1&-5;1&-i1&5;-1 &
(1, -81, 81,80] 3
25. The equation x - X =8is expressed in
16. If the discriminant of the quadratic the form ax' + bx +c = 0 as
equation 3x² +x -p =0 is 121, then p= [x²- 3x +8 = 0; x²-8x-3 = 0;
x² + 8x -3 = 0; x² + 8x +3 = 0]
[10, 3, -3, -10]
2
17. If the discriminant of the quadratic 26. The equation x-=5is expressed in
the form ax' + bx +c=0 as
equation mx²-7x +6=0 is 1, then m =
[x²-5x-2 =0;x*- 5x +2 =0;
[2, -2,-1, 1] x²+5x- 2 =0;x² +5x +2 =0]
18. If the discriminant of the quadratic
equation x²-9x -2p=0 is 121, then p=

(10, 5,-5, -10]

19. If the quadraticeq. x² + mx + 1 =0 has
realand equal roots then mis
(1, 2, 4, -1]

20. If the quadratic eq. 16x' +px+ 25 = 0

has real and equal roots then p is
FOR MORE SOLVED AND PRACTICE
(9, 20, 40, 41] PROBLEMS REFER OUR PREPARATORY
SERIES FOR THIS YEAR AVAILABLE IN
21. If 1 and 2 are the roots of the quadratic ALL BOOK STALLS ACROSS GOA.