Science 10

Science – Grade 10
Quarter 4 – Module 10: Biomolecules
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Camille Chik S. De Guzman,Ed.D
Editors: Jeric N. Estaco
Reviewers: Jeric N. Estaco
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta, EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 10
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 10

Biomolecules
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 10 on Biomolecules!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 10 on Biomolecules!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION

At the end of this module, the learners are expected to:

1. Identify the different biomolecules present on food labels;

2. Determine and analyze the percentage of biomolecules present on different
food labels; and
3. Cite the importance of monitoring the amount of biomolecules in the body.

PRETEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1.It provides detailed information about a food's nutrient content, such as the
amount of fat, sugar, sodium and fiber it has.
a. Nutrition facts
b. Biomolecules
c. Carbohydrates
d. Lipids
For questions 2 to 4, look at the food labels.
2.How many grams of protein are in one serving of
milk?
a. 8 g
b. 10g
c. 11g
d. 9 g
3. How many grams of fat are in one serving of skim
milk?
a. 0 g
b. 1 g
c. 11g
d. 8 g
4. What percent of your recommended daily value of carbohydrates will you get in
one serving of skim milk?
a. 0%
b. 2%
c. 4%
d. 5%
5. Which of the following is NOT the proper way of monitoring the amount of
biomolecules in the body?
a. eat nutritious food
b. be conscious in the food you eat
c. monitor the Nutrition Food labels
d. eat food that is rich in Trans fat
 RECAP
Direction: Complete the table below.

Basis of Comparison DNA RNA

Type of sugar
Number of strands
Nitrogenous bases
Functions

LESSON

Living organisms produces inorganic molecules known as Biomolecules. These

biomolecules have different ranges in sizes and may vary in with their functions. To
fully understand biomolecules, let us first know what they are made of. We have
what we called Monomers these
are atoms that bond together in
order to form more complex
structures. The said monomers
have four main types including
(a) sugars (monosaccharides)
which is the most common
natural monomer, it links to
form polymer carbohydrates –
Carbohydrates function as great
source of quick energy in our
body and it provides material to
build cell membrane. (b) amino acids - they are the monomers that build a polymer
called protein which is important for muscle development, it also function in the
immune system and acts as enzymes; (c) fatty acids- also known as lipids or fats
have two different building blocks fatty acid and glycerol. One function of lipid is that
it acts as an insulator of heat needed in the body and also is a great source of long-
term energy, it is also the material used for cell membrane; and (d) nucleotides – are
monomers that join together to form nucleic acid which contains genetic information
the structural units of RNA and DNA, as well as providing an energy source in
metabolism.

Biomolecules is in four classes

mainly carbohydrates, lipids,
protein, and nucleic acids. The
said substances are used by the
cells in your body and is
obtained through your food
intake. But, in order to easily
identify them and their
properties we have to understand their structure.

Every individual differs in their intake of food,

what to eat and how much to eat depends on how
much the body needs. To be well the body should
be healthy. When we talked about being healthy,
this means eating variety of food all throughout the
day to be able to get all the nutrients our body
needs to perform its functions.

Figure 1.1 shows sample of a food label this helps

consumers to make good choices in foods. This
food labels gives you the lists of nutrition
information including fat, protein, ingredients, and
some additives. Reading food labels is important
for several reasons like: (a) it helps you make food
Figure 1.1 Sample Food Label

choices; (b) informs people with food allergies; (c) informs you about some additives
that you must avoid; and (d) it helps in managing weight and improve health.
 ACTIVITIES

Activity 1. Classify
Direction: Classify the following as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids or nucleic acid write
your answer on the space provided.

Monosaccharide DNA Enzymes

1. _____________________ 2. _____________________ 3. _____________________

Oil Nucleotide RNA

4. _____________________ 5. _____________________ 6. _____________________

Meat Rice Amino Acid

7. _____________________ 8. _____________________ 9. _____________________

Saturated Fat

10. ____________________
Activity 2. Biomolecules
Directions: Using the food label provided. Identify the amount in grams/ percentage
of each biomolecules present in the food label. Then answer the following guide
questions.

Serving size _______

Serving per container _____
Proteins _______
Carbohydrates _______
Calories _______
Vitamins _______
Calories from fat _______
Total fat _______
Cholesterol _______
Sodium _______

Guide Questions:
1.Based on this food label, would you consider this product to be healthy? Why or
why not? _______________________________________________________________________
2. What do you think would be a healthier alternative to this product? Why? _____
________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 3. Importance of Biomolecules

Biomolecules Importance Examples

Carbohydrates

Lipid

Protein

Nucleic Acid
 WRAP–UP
Direction: Complete the chart below.

VALUING
Give 5 importance of monitoring the biomolecules in the body.
1. _____________________________________
2. _____________________________________
3. _____________________________________
4. _____________________________________
5. _____________________________________
 POSTTEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is NOT a biomolecule?

a. Carbohydrates
b. Nucleic Acid
c. Protein
d. Oxygen
2. I am a biomolecule that is useful for fast energy. What am I?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Lipids
c. Nucleic Acid
d. Proteins
for numbers 3 and 4 use the food label.
3. What percent of your recommended daily value
of carbohydrates will you get in one serving of energy bar?
a. 0%
b. 2%
c. 5%
d. 7%
4. How many grams of protein is present in 1 energy bar?
a. 2g.
b. 4g.
c. 6g.
d. 8g.
5. Which of 5. Which of the following is the PROPER way of monitoring the amount
of biomolecules in the body?
a. eating more fried foods
b. drinking soda and juices
c. less green leafy vegetables
d. monitoring the Nutrition Food labels
 Activity 3.
Biomolecules Importance Examples
Carbohydrates Quick energy for Rice, Sugar
cells
Lipid Store energy Fats, oils
Protein Aid in muscle Enzymes
movement
Nucleic Acid Contains genetic DNA, RNA
information
Activity 2
Activity 1
1. Carbohydrates 6. Nucleic Acid
2. Nucleic Acid 7. Proteins
3. Proteins 8. Carbohydrates
4. Lipids 9. Proteins
5. Nucleic Acid 10. Lipids
Recap
Basis of DNA RNA
Comparison
Guide Questions: Type of sugar Deoxyribose Ribose
Answers may vary. Number of Double Single
strands stranded stranded
Pretest Nitrogenous Adenine (A) Adenine (A)
bases Guanine (G) Guanine (G)
1. A Cytosine (C) Cytosine (C)
Thymine (T) Uracil (U)
2. A Functions Carries / Carries /
3. D transfers transfers
genetic info genetic info
4. C
and protein
5. D synthesis
KEY TO CORRECTION
 5. D
4. C
3. D
2. B
1. D
Posttest

vary.
Answers may

Valuing

WRAP UP

References

Rogers, Kara. "Biomolecule". Encyclopedia Britannica, 18 Mar. 2020,

https://www.britannica.com/science/biomolecule. Accessed 23 February 2021.

“Identifying Biomolecules in Food”.

https://www.sisd.net/cms/lib/TX01001452/Centricity/Domain/4741/Identifying
%20Biomolecules%20in%20Food%20REDO%20STUDENT%20HANDOUT.pdf

Photo of Table of Polymer and Monomer. Accessed February 20, 2021.

https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Browse/Search:monomers%20and%20poly
mers

Photo of Food Label Sample. Accessed February 20, 2021.

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Sample-Nutritions-Facts-Panel-on-a-food-
label-in-the-United-States_fig2_5588296

Aquino,Marites D, Madriaga, Estrellita A, Valdoz, Meliza P. and Biong, Joanna A.

2017, Science Links 10 Revised Edition, CM Recto, Manila, Philippines: Rex Book
Store.

Photo of Biomolecule Structure. Accessed February 23, 2021.

https://www.amoebasisters.com/parameciumparlorcomics/biomolecule-structure

“Monomers”. http://web.pdx.edu/~mhutson/345U/lectures/lab4-part2
monomers.pdf
Photo of Biomolecules Chart Worksheet. Accessed February 23, 2021.
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/243546292337983867/

Photo of Food Label Sample. Accessed February 27, 2021.

https://www.fda.gov/food/new-nutrition-facts-label/how-understand-and-use-
nutrition-facts-label

Photo of Monosaccharide. Accessed February 27,2021.

https://www.assignmentpoint.com/science/chemistry/monosaccharide.html

Photo of Enzyme. Accessed February 27, 2021.

https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/11/judge-said-police-can-search-dna-
millions-americans-without-their-consent-what-s-next

Photo of Enzymes. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://blog.orendatech.com/treat-

water-enzymes

Photo of Oil. Accessed February 27, 2021.

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324844

Photo of Nucleotide Structure. Accessed February 27, 2021.

https://www.expii.com/t/dna-structure-overview-diagrams-10209

Photo of Structure of RNA. Accessed February 27, 2021.

https://onlinesciencenotes.com/structure-and-functions-of-three-major-types-of-
ribonucleic-acid-rna/

Photo of Meat. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://www.inc.com/sonya-

mann/carnivory-zero-carb-experiment.html

Photo of Rice. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://www.loveandlemons.com/how-

to-cook-rice/

Photo of Rice. Accessed February 27, 2021.

https://www.nutrientsreview.com/proteins/amino-acids

Photo of Saturated Fat. Accessed February 27, 2021.

https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-
smart/fats/saturated-fats